1,720,973 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Monitoring tissue oximetry during cardiopulmonary resuscitation
Get PDFIzhodišča: NIRS (angl. Near-infrared spectroscopy) je v klinični praksi relativno nova metoda ki v realnem času prikazuje vrednosti tkivne oksimetrije. Uporaba te merilne tehnike na čelu bolnika se imenuje možganska oksimetrija (ScO2). Številne raziskave so pokazale vrednost spremljanja možganske oksimetrije med operacijami, pravtako so bile objavljene raziskave o spremljanju ScO2 med srčnim zastojem, a nobena raziskava do sedaj ni spremljala vrednosti ScO2 med celotnim potekom srčnega zastoja v zunaj-bolnišničnem srčnem zastojuod prepoznave do post-reanimacijske oskrbe.
Hipoteze: V naši raziskavi smo želeli ovrednosti dinamiko gibanja vrednosti ScO2 med kardio-pulmonalnim oživljanjem (KPO) v zunaj-bolnišničnem okolju. Predvidevali smo, da so vrednosti ScO2 ob prihodu ekip nujne medicinske pomoči nevarno nizke in da se z KPO zvišujejo. Dinamika tega zviševanja pa je poglavitna spremenljivka ki vpliva na kasnejše preživetje. Dodatno smo spremljali vrednosti serumskega laktata pri istih pacientih in dinamiko gibanja the vrednosti primerjali z preživetjem.
Metode: V raziskavo smo vključili 53 bolnikov, ki so utrpeli zunaj-bolnišnični srčni zastoj. Vsi postopki oživljanja so bili opravljeni v skladu s takrat-veljavnimi smernicami za oživljanje, le pacientom, vključenim v raziskavo smo od prepoznave srčnega zastoja do zaključka oživljanja nenehno merili vrednosti možganske oksimetrije.
Rezultati: Vrednosti ScO2 ob pričetku oživljanja so pri vseh bolnikih bile kritično nizke. Vrednosti so se tekom KPO zlagoma zviševale, statistično bolj pri pacientih ki so kasneje preživeli. Preživelim bolnikom so se vrednosti ScO2 pričele pomembno zviševati že pred dosegom spontane cirkulacije (ROSC) in so se po ROSC normalizirale in ostale stabilne. Vzorec hitrega, jasnega in statistično pomembnega porasta ScO2 ki se normalizirajo, so tipične za bolnike ki so preživeli do sprejema v bolnišnico, za razliko od pacientov ki so umrli na terenu. Podobno so vrednosti serumskega laktata med KPO pomembno padale pri bolnikih ki so preživeli.
Zaključek: Vrednosti ScO2 pri bolnikih ki so v zunaj-bolnišničnem okolju oživljani, so do prihoda reševalnih ekip že kritično nizke in se tekom KPO zlagoma zvišujejo. Zvišanje je pri bolnikih ki kasneje preživijo. Za slednje je značilen vzorec hitrega, jasnega in statistično pomembnega dviga ScO2 tik pred dosegom ROSC ki se normalizirajo. Vrednosti serumskega laktata pri istih bolnikih tekom KPO pomembno padejo.Background: NIRS (angl. Near-infrared spectroscopy) is relatively novel diagnostic modality that measures levels of tissue oximetry in real time. Use of its detectors over skull is called cerebral oximetry (ScO2). Several studies have proven value of ScO2 monitoring during anesthesia. There were also studies describing use of ScO2 in different phases of cardiopulmnary resuscitation (CPR). But none of the studies have until ours been conducted to describe dynamics of ScO2 values during out-of-hospital cardiac arrest, from beginning of CPR well into post-resuscitation period in field.
Hypothesis: The aim of our study was to describe dynamics of ScO2 values during CPR in out-of-hospital setting. We hypothesised, that levels of ScO2 on arrival of Emergency medical services would be dangerously low, but would rise during CPR. Dynamics of this rise would be main determinant of later clinical outcome. In addition, we measured dynamics of serum lactate levels and compared it with outcomes.
Methods: Our study included 53 patients that suffered out-of-hospital cardiac arrest during study period. All patients were resuscitated as per current CPR guidelines and patients enrolled in the study had NIRS optodes applied and levels of ScO2 measured continuously.
Results: Levels of ScO2 in all patients were critically low at the beginning of CPR. Levels of ScO2 have risen during CPR, statistically higher in patients that later survived. These patients also exhibited rise of ScO2 minutes before achieving return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) and have normalised after achieving ROSC. We have found, that pattern of clear, rapid, statistically significant and sustained rise of ScO2, is specific for patients that have achieved ROSC. This pattern is very different to occasional spikes in ScO2 levels that we observed in patients that died in field. Similarly, values of serum lactate have fallen significantly during CPR in patients that achieved ROSC.
Conclusion: Levels of ScO2 during out-of-hospital cardiac arrest fall dangerously low by the time CPR is started. Levels of ScO2 rise during CPR, more so in group of surviving patients. In later group, we found specific pattern of clear, rapid, significant and sustained rise in ScO2 levels minutes before ROSC that normalize during post-arrest care. Levels of serume lactate fall during successful CPR
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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