1,355,214 research outputs found
Major Pronin Stories by L. Ovalov – The Beginning of a Mythological Hero
No full textThe image of Major Pronin, a fictional counterintelligence operative of the All-Russian Extraordinary Commission for Fighting Counterrevolution and Sabotage has been well known throughout Russia for years. Yet, few could name his author, Lev Ovalov, and even fewer philologists have shown interest in analyzing the stories he originated from. By offering a detailed analysis of Ovalov’s first Pronin story “The Blue Swords” (“Sinie mechi”) this article aims to reveal some of the principal reasons this literary character became a cultural phenomenon. Relying on the comparative mythology theories of scholars such as Joseph Campbell and David Adams Leeming, it proposes that Pronin falls into the category of (Soviet) mythological heroes. More precisely, his traits and actions provide inspiration and guidance for the Soviet people and thus work to reinforce Soviet identity during a difficult time in history. The monomyth structure revealed in the storyline supports this theory, as do the mythological archetypes and relationships enriching the plot
LIFE IN THE FAST (THOUGHT) LANE: Exploring the Relationship Between Mental Motion, Mood, and the Human Stress Response
No full textThe human mind is in a state of constant motion. As we observe, perceive, and make sense of the world around us, our minds respond and adapt to the changing surroundings, generating fluctuations in mental motion characterized by shifts in thought speed and thought variability (Pronin & Jacobs, 2008). Previous scientific literature has shown that faster thinking generally corresponds with a more positive mood and inflated perception of the self and personal competence (Pronin & Wegner, 2006; Pronin, 2013). However, research on mental motion has failed to address the instability of the real world, particularly how this relationship between fast thought speed and positive mood may look different when individuals are faced with external challenges. The following study investigated whether humans respond differently to faster and slower thinking when experiencing a stressful situation. It was hypothesized that gradually decreasing thought speed would result in the lowest ratings for stress, more positive mood, and greater performance confidence—this is based on the gradual slowing process central to mindfulness-based techniques for stress reduction. This hypothesis was unsupported by the results of this study. Participants induced to think at a constant, slow thought speed had the highest average rating for positive mood, while participants induced to think at a constant, neutral thought speed showed the lowest average rating for stressed mood and highest average rating for performance confidence. Although statistically insignificant, the results from this study blur the original relationship between faster thinking and more positive mood and highlight the benefits of slower thinking when it aids in maintaining individuals’ baseline states. This study pushes for further research on mental motion and stress and promotes awareness of our thought patterns and surroundings during times of stress.
Keywords: mental motion, thought speed, thought variability, mood, stress, stress response, stress reduction, mindfulness, meditatio
Study: Lab replication of Pronin & Kugler Plus Fadeout
No full textThis is a replication plus longitudinal extension of Pronin & Kugler's (2007) study 5 to debias the bias blindspo
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
No full textThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
No full text“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
No full textWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Yes, Coach! Examining Athlete Willingness to Receive Critical Feedback from their Head Coach
No full textIn this study, the researcher examined athletes' willingness to receive critical feedback from their head coach. The experiment surveyed 102 Princeton student-athletes, having participants report their self-reported objectivity score (based on the Pronin et. al. (2023) Objectivism scale), their willingness to accept critical feedback from their head coach, and their perceptions of their coach’s objectivity. Additionally, perceptions of head coach coaching ability and likability were examined. The results indicated that an individual's perception of their head coaches’ coaching ability and likability had a significant positive effect on their willingness to receive critical feedback. Self-reported objectivism initially did not have a significant impact on an individual's willingness to receive critical feedback or their perception of their head coach's objectivity. However, when examining a subset of the Objectivism scale related to Disagreement Disparagement, significant results were found. The study found a significant correlation between the willingness to take critical feedback and the perceived coach objectivity score, indicating that athletes who perceive their coach as more objective may be more open to receiving feedback. Future research in athletics could further investigate the impact of different coaching styles and personality traits on athletes' reception of critical feedback. Additionally, giving and receiving feedback are concepts that have broad implications across multiple domains; thus, this study can expand on the current literature about feedback as a whole.
Keywords: Objectivity, critical feedback, disagreement, bias, naïve realism, athletics, coachin
Theoretical Maturation Of The "Bias Blind Spot": A Preregistered Replication Study Of Pronin, Lin And Ross (2002) In A Brazilian Sample.
No full textAlthough people can identify judgment biases and their consequences, they tend to perceive their peers as more susceptible to such biases than themselves: a phenomenon called “bias blind spot”. This phenomenon was experimentally supported by Pronin et al., (2002) through demonstrating an asymmetry of self-other ratings of susceptibility for biases, but not for personal shortcomings. A unique direct replication by Chandrashekar et al., (2021) found support for bias asymmetry, yet also found an unexpected asymmetry for personal shortcomings. We report further evidence for the theoretical maturation of the “bias blind spot” by exploring the generalizability of the original hypothesis in a pre-registered direct replication of Pronin et al., (2002) Study 1 in the Brazilian sample. Participants were presented with descriptions of eight biases and three personal shortcomings, and were first asked to indicate (1 - “not at all”; to 9 - “strongly”) their susceptibility for each description (self), then asked to indicate the susceptibility for “most of the people” (other). Asymmetries were investigated using two-tailed paired sample t-tests. In total, 203 participants rated themselves, on average, as less susceptible to biases in comparison to other people (d = -1.72; 95%CI [-1.88, -1.45]), replicating the original findings. Participants also rated themselves as less susceptible to personal shortcomings (d = -0.33; 95%CI [-0.40, -0.12]), deviating from the original findings, yet showing the same effect described by Chandrashekar et al., (2021). Asymmetry between bias and personal shortcomings was replicated (d = -0.90; 95%CI [-0.90, -0.59]). We successfully replicated two of the three hypotheses from Pronin et al. (2002), accounting for the replicability of the original BBS experiment. The findings from our and a previous replication suggest that the asymmetry for personal shortcomings follows the same direction as the asymmetry for bias, albeit with a lower effect size, possibly resulting in the difference between asymmetries
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
No full textWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Effect of distinct G protein-coupled receptor kinases on the phosphorylation and desensitization of the alpha1B-adrenergic receptor
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