1,720,957 research outputs found
Energy as a source of pre-service teachers' conceptions about radioactivity
Full text linkAlthough researchers have extensively studied student conceptions of
radioactivity, the conceptions held by pre-service teachers on this subject are
largely absent from the literature. We conducted a qualitative content analysis
of problem-centered interviews with pre-service teachers N = 13 to establish
which conceptions are held by pre-service teachers and to examine these
conceptions' structure in coordination classes. As has already been observed in
students, some pre-service teachers inadequately differentiate between
radioactive matter and ionizing radiation and between fission and decay. We
also observed that pre-service teachers tend to describe the activation of
materials due to ionizing radiation despite having previously denied an
activation, thus showing that the conception of activation of materials can
reemerge in particular framings. Within the interviews conducted, the concept
of energy emerged as a central coordination class regarding radioactivity. This
coordination class appeared across contexts and proved fruitful in explaining
pre-service teachers' conceptions about radioactivity. We will use the results
from this study to develop a teaching-learning laboratory for pre-service
teachers in which they can actively study high school students' conceptions
while reflecting on their own. In this way, these findings will contribute to
improving the structure of nuclear physics courses at the university.Comment: accepted by Physical Review Physics Education Research (PRPER
Radioaktivität - eine didaktische Rekonstruktion
Full text linkVon Los Alamos bis Fukushima: Radioaktivität ist ein wichtiger, wenn gleich für Laien auch mysteriöser und unheilvoller Begriff der Physik. Welche Vorstellungen verbinden Schülerinnen und Schüler mit dem Begriff der Radioaktivität? Die Erhebung bzw. die Replikation von Vorstellungen zur Radioaktivität sind in Bezug auf die Bewertung der Anwendung radioaktiver Stoffe notwendig. Die theoretische Basis für eine Einordnung der Vorstellungen im Begriff des „conceptual change“ soll gelegt werden. Authentische Versuche sind für Schulen häufig nicht mehr möglich. Ziel ist dabei letztendlich eine zeitgemäße didaktische Rekonstruktion des Themenbereichs Radioaktivität für die Sekundarstufe I und die Etablierung eines Angebotes im Lehr-Lern-Labor der Universität Stuttgart. Die Schaffung eines solchen Angebotes bzw. die didaktische Rekonstruktion des Themas erscheinen bereits allein wegen des Fehlens authentischer Versuche in der Schule notwendig
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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