1,720,976 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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The relationship between macrofauna diversity, functional diversity, and secondary production
Get PDFThe relationship between functional diversity and secondary production are known to influence ecosystem stability and can be used to measure the functioning of an ecosystem. Functional diversity is a component of biodiversity that classifies organisms by what they do (i.e., functional types) in a community or ecosystem, or more specifically by how certain traits effect the functioning of the environment. Secondary production occurs when biomass is generated by heterotrophic organisms when they consume organic material or primary producers. The research objective is to determine the relationship between secondary production and the connection between functional diversity and species diversity in estuary systems. The goal is to test the hypothesis that there is a positive relationship between functional diversity and secondary benthic productivity among bays within four mid-coastal Texas estuaries: Nueces Estuary, Laguna Madre Estuary, Guadalupe Estuary, and Lavaca-Colorado Estuary. Freshwater inflow differences among these estuaries can affect biodiversity, productivity, and habitat. Thus, changes of freshwater inflow could lead to variability in functional diversity and secondary productivity. Functional diversity was calculated based on seven classifiers: feeding strategy, habitat, mobility, lifespan, reproduction, sediment depth, and body size. There was a positive correlation between benthic production and diversity for species richness, species diversity, and species evenness and secondary production. Most functional diversity indices did not show any significance; however, functional dispersion was shown to explain >77% of variation for secondary production. Apart from functional originality, there did not appear to be a significant relationship between indicators of freshwater inflow influence (i.e., increase in nutrients and decrease in salinity) and the diversity metrics. In general, the response in primary and secondary bays is different, except for the lower part of San Antonio Bay. Overall, classical measures of macrofauna species diversity have a strong relationship with secondary production, while functional diversity does not appear to have any relationship. Thus, for Texas estuaries, it appears that functional diversity metrics do not explain or drive benthic ecosystem processes.Physical and Environmental SciencesCollege of Science and Engineerin
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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Black mangrove recovery from freeze disturbance accelerated by nutrient enrichment
Get PDFA Thesis Submitted In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of MASTER OF SCIENCE in Biology Department of Life Sciences from Texas A&M University-Corpus Christi.Due to climate change, mild winters and fewer extreme freeze events at the temperate-tropical transition zone are allowing some species to migrate poleward, causing shifts in species dominance. In coastal Texas and some other sections of the GOM, woody encroachment by mangrove shrubs and trees into low latitude salt marsh leads to reduced salt marsh dominance likely through competition for light. A recent catastrophic (i.e., mangrove-killing) freeze event in Texas influenced the present regime shift by causing extensive mortality of mature, sapling, and seedling mangroves, alleviating salt marsh vegetation from competition for light. A key topic for study is assessing rate and extent of mangrove recovery following the freeze as a crucial factor impacting the direction, timing, and extent of the regime shift. Additionally, anthropogenic fertilization is predicted to increase and enrich estuaries and bays, resulting in various consequences, such as increased mangrove colonization and dominance, adding another potential impetus to the regime shift. To better understand how nutrient enrichment affects recovery following a catastrophic freeze, fertilization plots were used in a field experiment to ascertain how nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) affect black mangrove survival and growth, as well as, changes in the salt marsh vegetation. Other observational sites, with different high and low nutrient conditions, were employed to identify how the findings from the fertilization experiment translate to a larger scale and expand the inference space of the study. Results indicate that nutrient enrichment increased above-ground growth and reproductive output of mangroves, thus enhancing population recovery. Salt marsh species (mainly Batis maritima) reduced growth of mangrove seedlings via inferred competition, although marsh plants did not respond to fertilizer treatments with enhanced above-ground growth. Rather salt marsh was influenced by elevation and shading by mangrove canopy. The findings suggest that nutrient enrichment alters wetland plant dynamics and accelerates a regime shift from a salt marsh to a mangrove-dominated ecosystem, depending on the frequency and magnitude of future freeze events that can reset succession.BiologyCollege of Scienc
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Macroinvertebrate communities and decomposition rates of leaf and stem litter in a Texas saltmarsh-mangrove ecotone
No full textA thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Coastal and Marine System Science.After an extreme freeze event in 2021 caused extensive mangrove mortality and widespread top-kill to surviving mangroves and salt marsh vegetation along much of the Texas coast, it produced a massive flush of dead leaf and stem material in the ensuing litterfall. I questioned if there was a difference in macroinvertebrate community composition in leaf and stem litter and litter decomposition rates between Avicennia germinans (L) L, the black mangrove, and Batis maritima L, a halophytic succulent forb. In a field experiment, I used mesh litter bags to either allow or exclude macroinvertebrates and found no difference in macroinvertebrate community composition between the two litter types, suggesting they are generalists within a mesohaline and hypersaline environment. Wetness level of bags varied from dry, partially damp, mostly damp, and wet, and was significant in determining community composition parameters, with mostly damp bags having the highest abundance, richness, and diversity of macroinvertebrates. However, wetness level was not significant in determining litter decomposition (k). I found that leaf and stem litter is rapidly colonized and decomposed at 2-weeks post placement and then faunal abundance and diversity decline after 2 weeks, suggesting litter serves as a temporary “oasis” for macroinvertebrates. There was no difference in litter decomposition rate between mesh sizes, implicating that colonization by macroinvertebrates does not have a significant effect on litter decomposition, and rather it is likely being affecting by other abiotic and biotic factors or a combination of both. This study was the first to quantify B. maritima litter decomposition, with a rate of 0.098 g day-1, as compared to A. germinans litter decomposition of 0.024 g day-1. This research should inform management decisions by coastal land managers and conservationists when making management decisions concerning small invertebrate use of and effects on litter as communities shift from herbaceous saltmarsh to woody mangrove and influence the food webs of which small invertebrates are an important component.Physical and Environmental SciencesCollege of Scienc
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