1,720,969 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Obtención de células madre mesenquimales a partir de tejido adiposo para su aplicación en terapias regenerativas en aves de interés de conservación.
Full text linkTesis de LicenciaturaLas células madre mesenquimales son células madre adultas que pueden originar principalmente derivados de la línea mesodérmica, como osteocitos, adipocitos y condrocitos. En numerosas especies, estas células han sido aisladas de múltiples tejidos como médula ósea, cordón umbilical, tejido muscular, tejido adiposo, líquido sinovial, entre otros, y han sido aplicadas en la clínica tanto humana como veterinaria para tratar distintas patologías, entre las cuales resaltan las lesiones articulares y óseas. En pollos, sólo hay unos pocos informes que hayan logrado aislar células madre mesenquimales de tejido adiposo (AdMSC), mientras que no hay informes disponibles en especies de aves silvestres. Al día de la fecha, aún no existen terapias celulares regenerativas que puedan ser aplicadas en aves para tratar lesiones articulares u óseas. Por lo tanto, en este trabajo, el objetivo consistió en aislar, cultivar y caracterizar AdMSC de especies de aves con el fin de proporcionar un punto de partida para el desarrollo de terapias celulares regenerativas y contribuir a la conservación de la vida silvestre. Durante este trabajo, se logró optimizar la extracción de AdMSC para obtener un cultivo estable a partir de una cantidad muy pequeña de grasa. Se desarrolló el método de “explantos digeridos enzimáticamente de manera parcial” el cual permitió obtener AdMSC de hasta 0,02 g de tejido adiposo, lo cual es sumamente relevante al tener como objetivo la obtención de muestra a través de cirugías mínimamente invasivas en aves silvestres de interés de conservación. Mediante la digestión del tejido adiposo, se lograron obtener AdMSC de pollos (Gallus gallus domesticus) y de aves silvestres como Pavo cristatus, Parabuteo unicinctus y Buteogallus coronatus las cuales mostraron una morfología de crecimiento tipo fibroblastoide, característica de las células madre mesenquimales. A continuación, se probaron diferentes medios de cultivo basales para determinar las condiciones que más favorecían la proliferación celular en función del tiempo. Mediante el cálculo del tiempo de duplicación de la población, se observó que las células presentaron una mayor velocidad de crecimiento cuando eran cultivadas en presencia de medios ricos y complejos como es el DMEM F12 en comparación con medios más simples como el DMEM con alto o bajo contenido de glucosa. Habiendo logrado aislar AdMSC de distintos ejemplares de aves, el siguiente paso consistió en evaluar su perfil molecular y capacidad de diferenciación para confirmar la identidad de las células. Mediante retrotranscripción y PCR a punto final, se corroboró que las células expresaban marcadores específicos de células madre como cd29, cd44 y cd90, mientras que no expresaban el marcador hematopoyético cd34, demostrando que las células obtenidas poseían el perfil molecular descrito para células madre mesenquimales. Finalmente, utilizando factores de crecimiento e inhibidores específicos, se observó que las AdMSC eran capaces de diferenciarse en osteocitos, adipocitos y condrocitos, confirmando su multipotencia. La morfología de crecimiento, el perfil molecular y la capacidad multipotente no mostraron alteraciones luego de múltiples pasajes in vitro (+10), indicando un fenotipo celular estable bajo las condiciones de cultivo empleadas. Estos hallazgos resaltan, por primera vez, el aislamiento y cultivo in vitro optimizado de AdMSC de Gallus gallus domesticus, Pavo cristatus, Parabuteo unicinctus y Buteogallus coronatus lo que permitirá confeccionar un biobanco de células madre mesenquimales de estas especies que, en última instancia, podrán ser empleadas como principio activo en terapias de regeneración tisular.Mesenchymal stem cells are adult stem cells that can primarily give rise to derivatives of the mesodermal lineage, such as osteocytes, adipocytes, and chondrocytes. In numerous species, these cells have been isolated from multiple tissues such as bone marrow, umbilical cord, muscle tissue, adipose tissue, synovial fluid, among others, and have been applied clinically in both human and veterinary medicine to treat various pathologies, with joint and bone injuries being particularly notable. In chickens, there are only a few reports that have successfully isolated mesenchymal stem cells from adipose tissue (AdMSC), whereas there are no reports available for wild bird species. To date, there are still no regenerative cell therapies available for birds to treat joint or bone injuries. Therefore, the aim of this study was to isolate, culture, and characterize AdMSC from bird species to provide a starting point for the development of regenerative cell therapies and, therefore, contribute to wildlife conservation. During this work, the extraction of AdMSC was optimized to achieve a stable culture from a small amount of fat. The method of "partially enzymatically digested explants" was developed, allowing the extraction of AdMSC from as little as 0.02 g of adipose tissue, which is highly relevant when aiming to obtain samples through minimally invasive surgeries in wild birds of conservation interest. Through the digestion of adipose tissue, AdMSC were obtained from chickens (Gallus gallus domesticus) and wild birds such as Pavo cristatus, Parabuteo unicinctus, and Buteogallus coronatus, which showed fibroblast-like growth morphology, characteristic of mesenchymal stem cells. Subsequently, different basal culture media were tested to determine the conditions that most favored cell proliferation over time. By calculating the population doubling time, it was observed that the cells exhibited a higher growth rate when cultured in rich and complex media such as DMEM F12 compared to simpler media like DMEM with high or low glucose content. Having successfully isolated AdMSC from different bird specimens, the next step was to evaluate their molecular profile and differentiation capacity to confirm the identity of the cells. Through reverse transcription and endpoint PCR, it was confirmed that these cells expressed specific mesenchymal stem cell markers such as cd29, cd44, and cd90, while not expressing the hematopoietic marker cd34, demonstrating that the obtained cells had the described molecular profile. Finally, using specific growth factors and inhibitors, it was observed that AdMSC were capable of differentiating into osteocytes, adipocytes, and chondrocytes, confirming their multipotency in vitro. The growth morphology, molecular profile, and multipotent capacity showed no alterations after multiple in vitro passages (+10), indicating a stable cell phenotype under the employed culture conditions. These findings highlight, for the first time, the optimized isolation and in vitro culture of AdMSC from Gallus gallus domesticus, Pavo cristatus, Parabuteo unicinctus, and Buteogallus coronatus, which will allow the creation of a mesenchymal stem cell biobank for these species. Ultimately, these cells can be used as active agents in tissue regeneration therapies.Fil: Pérez Profeta, Francesca Tiziana. Universidad Nacional de San Martín. Escuela de Ciencia y Tecnología. Escuela de Bio y Nanotecnologías; Argentina
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
- …
