74 research outputs found
Explaining consequences of employment insecurity: The dynamics of scarring in the United Kingdom, Poland and Norway
No full textThis deliverable presents three country studies on scarring effects of early employment insecurity in the United Kingdom, Poland and Norway. Traditional analysis of scarring effects has favoured the analysis of the impact of the experience of unemployment on the experience of subsequent unemployment (state dependence) and the monetary costs of previous unemployment in terms of lower subsequent wages (see e.g. Arulampalam, Booth and Taylor 2000; Arulampalam, Gregg and Gregory 2001). The three present country studies go beyond the traditional analysis of scarring effects in order to better understand the trade-offs experienced by young female and male workers when faced with an insecure labour market integration. With national longitudinal data, original methodological designs and research focus, each study contributes in an original way to the research literature. All three studies pay special attention to gender and education as potential moderating variables of scarring effects
Institutional reform in emerging securities markets
No full textIn the long run, sound, efficient securities markets can contribute to economic growth; in the short run, they play an important role in financial liberalization. The author provides a guide to issues involved in institutional and regulatory reform of securities markets - and a discussion of the practical implications of different policy options and sequencing decisions. He argues that establishing sound securities markets requires institutional development that is a substantial task for many developing countries. Prerequisities for the development of securities markets include: (a) a macroeconomic and fiscal environment conducive to the supply of quality securities; (b) a legal, regulatory, and institutional infrastructure that can support efficient operation of the securities market. Essentially such an infrastructure must provide four things: (a) certainty about property rights and contracts; (b) transparent trading and other procedures and public disclosure by companies of all information relevant to the value of their securities; (c) protection against unfair practices by insiders and intermediaries; and (d) protection against the financial failure of intermediaries and market institutions such as clearinghouses. The author also provides examples of the policy conflicts and uncertainties that are routine in securities market reform and development, and suggests approaches to managing them.Financial Intermediation,Environmental Economics&Policies,Insurance&Risk Mitigation,Banks&Banking Reform,Economic Theory&Research
An analysis of foreign language lesson discourse : with special reference to the teaching of English in Tunisian secondary schools.
No full textIn this thesis a new model for the analysis of foreign language
lesson discourse has been developed. It draws on existing models but
provides flexibility by focusing on three levels: Frame, Move, Act.
An attempt has been made in this thesis to clarify further the domain
of pragmatics by looking at the various fields that have contributed to it.
This has led the author to (i) differentiate between foreign language
lesson discourse and other discourses and (ii) locate the new model in
relation to other approaches to discourse analysis. The foregoing
discussion has revealed to the author that many researchers and
theoreticians have misunderstood many key terms in pragmatics which have
contributed to unwarranted positions concerning the role of the teacher and
the importance of textbooks in the classroom.
A detailed analysis of discourse in eight English lessons in Tunisian
secondary schools (two in each of the four years) has been undertaken. The
results of the analysis reflect the influence of the textbooks and suggest
different degrees of benefit for the learner.
There are seven chapters in the thesis. Chapter One reviews the
theoretical foundations of the audiolingual method. Chapter Two discusses
Chomskyan theory and its influence on approaches to L2 learning and
teaching. Chapter Three deals with pragmatics, particularly its relevance
to second language learning studies and its importance for the analysis of
second language classroom discourse. Chapter Four looks at the
communicative approach to second language teaching and related developments
in second language acquisition studies. It also discusses Tunisian
learners' communication strategies. Chapter Five gives the reader a general
background about the Tunisian linguistic community and the educational
system there. It also discusses the textbooks used for the teaching of
English in Tunisian secondary schools. Chapter Six gives an account of the
procedure adopted for data collection and presents in detail the model for
the analysis of Tunisian foreign language lesson discourse. Chapter Seven
discusses the results of the quantitative analysis of the Tunisian foreign
language lesson discourses, and proposes some reforms.
The thesis contains a short introduction and conclusion, as well as
eight appendices where the orthographic transcription and analysis of each
lesson discourse is given.
Habib Abdesslem
A preliminary investigation of welfare migration induced by time limits
No full textStudies on welfare programs in the United States have identified three types of welfare migration (employment, benefit, and amenity-related). This paper introduces a fourth type of migration induced by welfare time limits. After a welfare-dependent family runs out of benefits, it is possible for them to reset the Temporary Assistance for Needy Families time clock by crossing state lines to extend their benefits. Our theoretical results suggest that the likelihood of migration increases if the migration distance is small or the gain from the move is large. We hypothesize that, ceteris paribus, families migrating in order to extend their benefits will minimize the distance they migrate, and will be likely to move into the nearest state, especially into counties just across the state border. We utilize macro data at the county level to look for evidence of time-limit induced migration. Estimates indicate that time limits may be associated with an increase in welfare migration.welfare reform; migration
John Gay's the beggar's opera: early eighteenth-century responses in the arts to cultural, sociological and political issues in London life
No full textDiffering responses in art media to these contemporary issues of London life are explored, taking John Gay's the Beggar's Opera as the focal point for discussion. Initially, a general survey is made of Gay's role as cultural, social and moral critic. Comparison with George Frederick Handel's Floridante allows Gay's work to be placed in the context of operatic responses to contemporary society, highlighting usage both of overt portrayal and indirect satire. Gay's approach to political issues is examined alongside that of Dean Swift's Gulliver's Travels enabling an estimation to be made of the effectiveness of these art media as tools of political propaganda. Similarly, responses in the field of painting are discussed in the light of representative works of James Thornhill and William Hogarth's A Harlot's Progress and A Rake's Progress. In considering all these responses it is noted that art can be interpreted at differing levels, from the sophisticated to the naive. All these art media are then placed in the context of artistic philosophy of the period, thus facilitating an objective assessment of the parallels and differences of art's responses to contemporary issues. Taking into account inherent limitations in the media, to conclude our study, Hogarth's The Beggar's Opera Scenes are compared and contrasted with Gay's prototype. The thesis highlights the trend towards realism in the arts during this period. Nevertheless, we are left with the conundrum that art, 'per se', can only 'mirror' life. It does not necessarily solve its problems. Thesis submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts in Music. University of Durham Department of Music 198
Biographies 3
No full textMr. George Marquard Findlay ; Sir Somerset Richard French ; Mr. Robert Charles Farquharson ; Mr. William George Fairbridge ; Dr. Robert Forsyth ; Mr. W. Feltham ; Frederick Henry Fismer ; Dr. Walter Percival Richard Fennel ; Dr. Eric France ; Alexander Fettes ; William Henry Fuller ; Dr. Arthur Fuller ; Mr. Henry Fitchat ; Peter John Farquharson ; Mr. Henry Forbes ; Mr. William Archibald Shaw Fairbairn ; Mr. William Jervis Eyre Foakes ; Rev. Monsignor Fagan ; Mr. Alfred Newton Foot ; Mr. John Forrest ; Mr. Alfred Ernest Fincham ; Mr. Wilhelm Ludwig Friedrichs ; Captain W. Finch ; Mr. John Freeman ; Charles Friedlander ; Mr. Justice Graham ; Mr. Francis George Cathcart Graham ; Mr. Arthur William Giddy ; Mr. Johan Coenraad Gie ; Mr. George Gerhard Gie ; Lennox Llewellyn Giddy ; Mr. John Alexander Greer ; Mr. Richard Davis Gately ; Clement Gutsche ; Dr. Philipp Gutsche ; Martin Vincent Gleeson ; Mr. John Henry Gately ; Mr. Frederick George Gardiner ; Dr. Patrick Ganteaum ; Dr. Edgar Robert Grey ; Mr. Ernest Glanville ; Dr. John Baldwin Greathead ; Mr. Harry Gibson ; Mr. Thomas Henry Grocott ; Prof. John Dow Fisher Gilchrist ; Mr. Arthur Henry Garcia ; Arthur Herbert Griffiths ; Mr. Arthur James Green ; Mr. F. A. Groves ; Mr. Daniel Westwood Greatbatch ; Mr. Jacob Gerber ; Mr. Ferdinand Gerber ; Mr. Abraham Frederick Green ; Mr. Alfred B. Goldbold ; Mr. Sydney Gearing ; Mr. Williams Dickson Gourlay ; Mr. Irvine Rowell Grimmer ; Mr. John Christopher Goldsbury ; Mr. David Pieter de Villiers Graaff ; Colonel Charles Duncan Griffith ; Captain Alan Bell Gordon ; Mr. John Matthew Gerald ; Mr. Frederick Llewllyn Gregg ; Mr. John Alexander Gibson ; Mr. Karl Gotze ; Mr. Arthur Thomas Gregg ; Mr. David John Griffiths ; Mr. Charles George Goodison ; Mr. John Joseph Griffin ; Mr. Thomas Griff-Griffiths ; Mr. Frank Gibaud ; Adam White Guthrie ; Mr. Alfred Galpin ; Mr. William Gowie ; Mr. Alfred Sharman Giles ; Dr. Darley-Hartley ; Rev. Johannes Petrus van Heerden ; Mr. Rudolph Robert Bird Howe ; Henry Arthur Herbert ; Dr. Walter Thomas Harris ; Dr. David Bennie Hewat ; Dr. Dirk de Vos Hugo ; Dr. J. O. Heyns ; Mr. John Griffiths Harsant ; Mr. Charles Home ; Mr. Andries Stockenstrom Hutton ; Mr. Johannes Hugo ; Mr. Frederick Augustus Hutton ; Mr. Charles Willoughby Herold ; Mr. Sidney Shippard Hutton ; Mr. George Hammond Hussey ; Mr. Robert Hugh Henderson ; Mr. Hermann Hirschberg ; Mr. Charles H. Hodgson ; Mr. Robert Henry Hammersley-Heenan ; Mr. Brereton Hodgson ; Mr. Duncan Hutcheon ; Mr. William Thomas Hoal ; Mr. Cecil Hand ; Mr. Thomas Herbert Hazell ; Mr. William Percy Herring ; Mr. George Charles Julius Louis Frederick Haussman ; Mr. John J. Hynes ; Mr. Ralph Henderson ; Mr. Johan Carel Hinsbeeck ; Mr. Patrick Joseph Hannon ; Mr. Robert Hamilton ; Mr. James Harris ; Mr. Francis Mitchell Hornibrook ; Mr. James Peter Hopkins ; Mr. Harold Arthur Hinds ; Rev. Bernard Edgar Holmes ; Mr. Edward Brennand Hall ; Mr. Charles K. Humphrey ; Mr. William A. Hall ; Mr. William Henry Horne ; Mr. Moritz Hammerschlag ; Mr. Gert Johannes Hoffman ; Mr. Folkert Wilko Hesse ; Mr. John Spurgeon Henkel ; Mr. August Hirsch ; Mr. D, Edward Hockley ; Mr. John Stephen Hoare ; Mr. Adolph Gislingham Howard ; Mr. Robert Valentine Fortescue Hubbard ; Mr. Alfred T. Hennessy ; Mr. Herman Hall ; Mr. W. A. H. Holland ; Charles Saunders Hazell ; Mr. Willoughby How ; Mr. Harold Thirkell ; George Frederick Hoy ; Mr. Charles William Hill ; Mr. George Hawkins ; Mr. Peter Robert Heugh ; Mr. Thomas Henshall ; Mr. David Ernest Hutchins ; Mr. Louis J. Hall ; Dr. Samuel Patton Impey ; Mr. William Ingham ; Mr. James Inch ; Mr. Richard William Rose-Innes ; Mr. Alexander Innes ; Mr. A. P. W. Immelman ; Mr. Thomas William Irvine ; Mr. Joshua Andries Joubert ; Mr. Lewis Bertie Jacobshon ; Mr. Sydney Samuel Jacobshon ; Mr. Basil Jones ; Charles Percival Woodroffe Jay ; Mr. Harold Jones ; Mr. Selim Barnett Joseph ; Mr. Walter Alexander Jones ; Victor T. Jones ; Mr. Hermann Jungheinrich ; Mr. William Jardine ; Mr. Edward George Clifford-Jones ; Mr. H. T. Jones ; Mr. James Lyon Johnston ; Mr. Percy Sydney Twentyman-Jones ; Mr. Charles Frederick Juritz ; Mr. Noel Janisch ; Mr. Frederick Robert Jesse ; Dr. Arthur Dickson Ketchen ; Dr. Charles MacGowan Kitching ; Mr. Justice Kotze ; Dr. Frederick Charles Kolbe ; Mr. Nicolas Charles Krone ; Mr. J. Klerck ; Mr. Adolphus William Karstel ; Mr. Clifford Murison Knight ; Dr. C. H. Kruger ; Mr. Cornelis de Kock ; Mr. Joseph J. T. King ; Mr. Thomas Burnam King ; Mr. Siegfried Solomon Keyzer ; Mr. George Koenig ; Mr. Henry George Kieser ; Mr. Jacob Daniel Krige ; Mr. A. W. Krige ; Prof. Walker (photograph) ; Prof. Hofmeyr (photograph) ; The Archbishop of Cape Town (photograph) ; Dr. Muir (photograph) ; Father James Kelly ; Mr. John Chambers Kemsley ; Mr. James B. Kemsley ; Mr. James Kemsley ; Mr. Charles Frederick Kayser ; Mr. Daniel Knight ; Mr. John Taylor Keith ; Mr. G. F. Knobel ; Muizenberg, near Cape Town (photograph)
A new look at gender effects in participation and occupation choice
No full textThe growth in female labour participation and occupational attainment represents the most dramatic feature of labour markets in the second half of the twentieth century. This has been due in part to developments in social attitudes and the consequent changes in the prices attached to women's characteristics, and in part to changes in those characteristics themselves. This paper analyses these issues by constructing models of participation and occupational choice for the years 1970 and 1990, and then by evaluating which participation and occupation regimes would have been selected by respondents with the characteristics of women observed in 1970 had they faced the coefficients which obtained in 1990. It is established that changing prices accounts for a substantial part of the improvement in women's fortunes in the labour market. To provide a basis of comparison, the model is also estimated for men. Choices concerning occupational and labour market participation are modelled using both the standard multinomial
A new look at gender effects in participation and occupation choice
No full textThe growth in female labour participation and occupational attainment represents the most dramatic feature of labour markets in the second half of the twentieth century. This has been due in part to developments in social attitudes and the consequent changes in the prices attached to women's characteristics, and in part to changes in those characteristics themselves. This paper analyses these issues by constructing models of participation and occupational choice for the years 1970 and 1990, and then by evaluating which participation and occupation regimes would have been selected by respondents with the characteristics of women observed in 1970 had they faced the coefficients which obtained in 1990. It is established that changing prices accounts for a substantial part of the improvement in women's fortunes in the labour market. To provide a basis of comparison, the model is also estimated for men. Choices concerning occupational and labour market participation are modelled using both the standard multinomia
Long-term weight loss effects on all cause mortality in overweight/obese populations
No full textThis systematic review assesses the long-term effectiveness of weight loss on all cause mortality in overweight/obese people. Medline, Embase and Cinahl were searched (1966–2005). Cohort studies and trials on participants with Body Mass Index ¡Ý25 kg/m2, with weight change and mortality with ¡Ý 2 years follow-up were included finally identifying 11 papers based on 8 studies. There may be gender differences in the benefits for all cause mortality. The impact of weight loss in men on mortality was not clear with some studies indicating weight loss to be detrimental, while a recent cohort study showed benefits, if it were a personal decision. Other studies with no gender separation had similarly mixed results. However, one study indicated that overweight/obese women with obesity related illness, who lost weight intentionally within one year, had significantly reduced mortality rates of 19% -25%. In contrast, studies of overweight/obese diabetics irrespective of gender, showed significant benefit of intentional weight loss on mortality in a metaanalysis, HR=0.75(0.67- 0.83). There is some evidence that intentional weight loss has long-term benefits on all cause mortality for women and more so for diabetics. Long-term effects especially for men are not clear and need further investigation.National Health Service (NHS) R&D Health Technology Assessment Board
Recommended from our members
The electric shepherd and the marvellous boy: literary evocations of Thomas Chatterton's 'suicide' in Philip K. Dick's 'A scanner darkly' and elsewhere
No full text- …
