1,721,115 research outputs found
The conformational landscape of tartrate-based inhibitors of the TACE enzyme as revealed by Hamiltonian Replica Exchange simulation
No full textThe inhibitors of the Tumor Necrosis Factor-α Converting Enzyme represent promising tools for the treatment of Rheumatoid Arthritis, Multiple Sclerosis and other autoimmune diseases. In this work, using Hamiltonian Replica Exchange Molecular Dynamics simulations and atomistic force field we perform an accurate structural characterization of a group of tartrate-based inhibitors. The simulations highlight a correlation between the conformational landscape in bulk solvent and inhibition potency. Since the structures in bulk solvent are much more compact than the crystallographic bound state, we formulate the hypothesis of a two-step docking mechanism: (i) formation of an intermediate between the compact, hydroxyl exposing conformations in solution and the catalytic zinc ion; (ii) structural rearrangement in the active site of TACE of the zinc-tethered drug in the final binding conformatio
SAMPL7 blind predictions using nonequilibrium alchemical approaches
No full textIn the context of the SAMPL7 challenge, we computed, employing a non-equilibrium (NE) alchemical technique, the standard binding free energy of two series of host-guest systems, involving as a host the Isaac's TrimerTrip, a Cucurbituril-like open cavitand, and the Gilson's Cyclodextrin derivatives. The adopted NE alchemy combines enhanced sampling molecular dynamics simulations with driven fast out-of-equilibrium alchemical trajectories to recover the free energy via the Jarzynski and Crooks NE theorems. The GAFF2 non-polarizable force field was used for the parametrization. Performances were acceptable and similar in accuracy to those we submitted for Gibb's Deep Cavity Cavitands in the previous SAMPL6 host-guest challenge, confirming the reliability of the computational approach and exposing, in some cases, some important deficiencies of the GAFF2 non-polarizable force field
Chemical–physical analysis of a tartrate model compound for TACE inhibition
No full textWe have synthesized and done an extensive chemical–physical analysis of the behavior of a new compound,
named MBET306, a synthetic precursor of the recently discovered tartrate-based inhibitors of the protein
Tumor Necrosis factor-a Converting Enzyme (TACE). Experimental and theoretical data have shown that in
water solution MBET306 is overwhelmingly found as a monoanion at physiological pH, in a conformation
that differs substantially from that detected in the known co-crystal structures of MBET306 derivatives bound
to TACE. The body of collected experimental and theoretical data indicates that the monoanionic species
binds Zn(II) inducing a strong stabilization of the crystal-like arrangement of the central tartrate zinc-binding
group, lending support for a two step TACE docking mechanism via a zinc-bound intermediate. The
thorough chemical–physical characterization of the conformational behavior of free and zinc-bound
MBET306 in water bulk solution opens new avenues for the rational drug design of tartrate-based highly
specific TACE inhibitor
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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