1,720,960 research outputs found
Ensemble Methods for Peristaltic Pump Accuracy Enhancement
Full text linkThis study investigates how ensemble learning techniques can be employed for enhancing peristaltic pump accuracy in pharmaceutical manufacturing, and demonstrates significant accuracy improvements through the novel E-AR implementation, with gains of up to 53.93% at 0.3 ml volume compared to 47% achievable with single models. To establish the foundation for ensemble methods evaluation, we first conduct a comprehensive validation of traditional Adaptive Dosing Control System (ADCS) across an extended volume range (0.1-2.0 ml), demonstrating base performance improvements. In this investigation, we develop a novel offline performance indicator enabling rapid assessment of compensation strategies without extensive physical testing, showing strong correlation with actual measurements. These premises enable a thorough investigation of various ensemble configurations, revealing volume-dependent performance patterns where different models excel under specific conditions, suggesting that practical applications may benefit from volume-specific model selection. The comparison with a very accurate reference mechanical pump, demonstrates that our ADCS solutions achieve comparable or superior performance across most volumes while maintaining the cost-effectiveness. Statistical validation via a multi-dimensional framework confirms the significance of these improvements through multiple complementary tests: paired t-tests showing significant mean differences with p≤0.001, Mann-WhitneyUtests confirming distributional shifts, Levene tests demonstrating variance modifications with statistics up to 801.65, and mixed linear model analysis with F-statistics ranging from 0.004 to 1497.75 confirming global effects
Application of LSTM and GRU neural networks to improve peristaltic pump dosing accuracy
Full text linkPeristaltic pumps (PP), widely acknowledged for their benefits in pharmaceutical contexts, face challenges in achieving optimal dosing accuracy. This investigation contributes novel insights for the improvement of dosing precision, identifying how to apply AI models, specifically focusing on Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) and Gated Recurrent Unit (GRU) neural networks over a realistic span of target volumes. To provide a more accurate representation of real-world performance, we consider a modified root mean square error metric (RMSEPP) that directly compares dispensed volumes to target volumes. Based on this the study delves into two main methodologies: an iterative retraining method, called Online Training, and Pre-trained approach. Online Training shows best results, especially for volumes below 1.0 ml, achieving 38.4% improvement in RMSEPP and 31.6% in standard deviation (STD). Pre-trained models are faster and exhibit promising outcomes especially for volumes above 1.0 ml, with a three-features approach delivering the best performance (13.8% and 4.6% improvements in RMSEPP and STD, respectively). Overall, the findings highlight the effectiveness of iterative learning techniques, particularly for smaller dosage amounts, which complements the good performance of non-AI approaches for larger ones
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Hydrodynamism and its influence on the reproductive condition of the edible sea urchin Paracentrotus lividus
No full textDose-dependent effects of chlorpyriphos, an organophosphate pesticide, on metamorphosis of the sea urchin, Paracentrotus lividus
No full textThe effect of exposures to the insecticide
chlorpyrifos on the larval stages of Paracentrotus lividus
(Echinodermata, Euechinoidea) up to metamorphosis was
investigated with the aim to identify novel risk biomarkers
and a new promising model for toxicity tests. The planktonic
sea urchin larvae have the ability to undergo a variable
exploratory period, up to the choice of a suitable
substrate for adult benthonic life. The juvenile bud (called
rudiment) is built inside the larval body that, on environmental
cues represented by a variety of signal molecules, is
reabsorbed by apoptosis and releases the juvenile on the
substrate. In this dialogue between larvae and environment,
contaminants interfere with the signals reception, and may
alter in dose-dependent way the correct regulation of
environment-larva-rudiment interaction. Such interaction is
shown by larval plasticity, i.e. the ability of the larva to
change body proportions according to the environmental
conditions. When exposed to low doses of chlorpyriphos
(10-7 to 10-10 M) since 2-days after fertilization, the larvae
showed altered size and shape, but all reached the
metamorphosis at the same time as controls, and in the
same percentage. Exposures to high concentrations such as
10-4 to 10-6 M since 2-days after fertilization did not
allow larval growth and differentiation. Exposures at later
stages caused reabsorption of larval structures within a few
hours and precocious release of the immature rudiments,
followed by death of the juveniles. Although the mechanism
of chlorpyriphos toxicity in sea urchin larvae is still
rather unclear, the measurable stress biomarkers can constitute the basis for new toxicity tests
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Effects of ocean acidification and diet on thickness and carbonate elemental composition of the test of juvenile sea urchins
No full textContinuous anthropogenic CO2 emissions to the atmosphere and uptake by the oceans will cause a reduction of seawater pH and saturation state (U) of CaCO3 minerals from which marine calcifiers build their shells and skeletons. Sea urchins use the most soluble form of calcium carbonate, high-magnesium calcite, to build their skeleton, spines and grazing apparatus. In order to highlight the effects of increased pCO2 on the test thickness and carbonate elemental composition of juvenile sea urchins and potential differences in their responses linked to the diet, we performed a laboratory experiment on juvenile Paracentrotus lividus, grazing on calcifying (Corallina elongata) and non-calcifying (Cystoseira amentacea, Dictyota dichotoma) macroalgae, under different pH (corresponding to pCO2 values of 390, 550, 750 and 1000 matm). Results highlighted the importance of the diet in determining sea urchin size irrespectively of the pCO2 level, and the relevance of macroalgal diet in modulating urchin Mg/Ca ratio. The present study provides relevant clues both in terms of the mechanism of mineral incorporation and in terms of bottom-up processes (algal diet) affecting top-down ones (fish predation) in rocky subtidal communities
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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