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Die beslaggewing van dorpsontwikkeling en bestuur in Vanderbijlpark gedurende 1943-1952
Get PDFThesis (MA)--PU vir CHO, 1992The great demand for steel production which had developed in South Africa during the ante-bellum period was one of the motivating factors for the decision to expand the existing lscor facilities. The possibility for expansion of the lscor Works in Pretoria was, however, limited. Consequently. a search for a new site elsewhere was undertaken. It was decided that a plate mill plant. the first unit of an integrated steel factory, would be erected. The site that was selected. was situated approximately ten miles to the West of Vereeniging. After meticulous planning, the construction of the plate mill plant, henceforth known as Vanderbijlpark Works, commenced in July 1952. In spite of many initial problems that were encountered, the first steel was rolled on the evening of 21 November 1943. Together with the establishment of the lscor plant, the town of Vanderbijlpark arose. Vanderbijlpark, the brainchild of dr. H.J. van der Bijl, was unique, because the layout of each residential and industrial area was pre-planned in detail prior to its development. Vesco. which fulfilled the role of town planner. was founded on 28 December 1944. The land which lscor did not utilise for its steel factory, was sold to Vesco. The latter tried to accommodate every requirement of its residents in the planning of the town. Owing to the long time that had e lapsed during the development and planning of the town layout. the first town areas were only proclaimed on 25 August 1948. Commercial and industrial development also increased rapidly. Initially. Vanderbijlpark fell under the jurisdiction of the Peri-Urban Areas Health Board. On 24 December 1946, a nominated Health Committee for Vanderbijlpark, consisting of six members. was formed. Before the founding of the Health Committee, Vesco took upon itself the responsibility of the creation of an infrastructure, together with managerial functions (and other related functions) in Vanderbijlpark. Gradually, the Health Committee took over these functions. Owing to a shortage of personnel in the Health Committee, Vesco agreed to perform tasks, such as the supply and maintenance of essential services, for the Health Committee. Employees of Vesco, lscor and Vecor were members of the Health Committee. Mr. Cecil Oldridge was the manager or Vesco and also the chairman of the Health Committee who ensured that there was good co-operation and communication between said committee and Vesco. Some residents asked for an elected management body, but the Health Committee. lscor and the Executive Council of the Provincial Council dit not comply with the request. Because of the extension of the town and the increase in function s and responsibilities, the Health Committee was increased to six nominated and three elected members in November 1950. It soon became obvious that the elected and nominated members of the Health Committee had many disagreements and differences of opinion . The nominated members were accused of being loyal mainly to Vesco while the loyalty of the elected members was vested in the Health Committee. Once again individuals and institutions requested the institution of a fully elected management body. The result was that on 25 January 1952 the Administrator of Transvaal informed the residents that Vanderbijlpark would be elevated to the rank of a municipality with an elected town council. On 19 October 1952 the first town council members were elected. Vanderbijlpark had attained autonomy and full municipal status.Master
Die georganiseerde kultuurlewe van die blanke gemeenskap van Vanderbijlpark in die tydperk 1942-1992
No full textThesis (PhD)--PU for CHE, 1998.The objective of this study is to give some perspective on cultural growth of the factors which influenced the development of the culture of the white inhabitants of Vanderbijipark from 1942 up to 1992. The issue under scrutiny is the culture of white people in Vanderbijipark which was dominated by Afrikaners who had to cope, in their cultural development, with the influx of large numbers and a variety of skilled European immigrants. To be able to accomplish the above mentioned, it was necessary to research a wide field of activities out of which culture consist: economics, politics, social security and welfare, service delivery, health services, sport and recreation, mental health, education and training, cultural organisation and domestic cultural trends.
During the period 1942-1992 three phases were identified. The first was the establishment phase during which the besieging of culture was "compellent" and no influence of other cultures was allowed. The white community of Vanderbijipark, during the establishment phase, 1942-1959, consisted mainly of two groups: The impoverished Afrikaner from the rural areas, who, as a last resort, took to urbanisation for a livelihood and accordingly had to adjust culturally. The second group, the European immigrants, also, as a last resort sought a livelihood as a result of the chaotic situation in Europe after World War II, and intended to adopt South Africa as a new fatherland. Then followed the prosperity phase, 1960-1978, with very strong economic growth and quick wealth creation, which on its own, tends to open up cultural interchanges. The cultural development of the two white groups in Vanderbijipark was influenced by the urbanisation of rural blacks. This influence was thoroughly organised by the government policy. During the third stabilising phase, 1979-1992, new cultural influences surfaced. The most important was the outbreak and surge of violence which brought an awareness of the, up to now ignored, presence of black cultures and their vast variety and impact. In the course of this study it became clear that besieging is no solution to healthy cultural development but rather a crippling stumbling block.Doctora
Die vestiging en uitbreiding van plaaslike bestuur in Vanderbijlpark gedurende 1952-1959
Get PDFThesis (MA)--PU vir CHO, 1992The objective of this paper is to make a contribution to scientific historiography of this region by recording a facet of the history of Vanderbijlpark. This study concentrates on the establishment and expansion of local government in Vanderbijlpark during 1952-1959. Dr. H.J. van der Bijl (1887-1948) is regarded as the founder of Vanderbijlpark. Dr. H.J. van der Bijl 's career in the industry in South Africa, as well as the expansion of the steel industry, has been used as the point of departure, as this is the background against which the settlement of Vanderbijlpark took place. Thorough town planning in Vanderbijlpark followed after the lscor sheet mill started production in 1943. In December 1944 the Vanderbijlpark Estate Company (Vesco) was registered so as to support H.J. van der Bijl in realising his ideal. This company was responsible for town planning and establishing the necessary infrastructures. The town expanded rapidly and the residents regarded some form of local government as essential. A Vigilance Committee was established by the residents in 1943. Thereafter an appointed Health Committee followed in 1946 and in 1950 this Committee was replaced by a partially elected Health Committee. In 1952
Vanderbijlpark received full municipal status which gave it the status of a town with an elected town council. They also commenced with the establishment of a symbolism peculiar to the town's history. This manifested itself in a coat of arms. the mayor and mayoress's chains of office and the statue of Origin. The task and function of the outline for local management, in Vanderbijlpark are analysed and described in view of similar studies. Aspects which are referred to in the study is the place of local government within the government hierarchy. Definition of policy, organisation, financing, personnel administration, responsibility and management are discussed under municipal administration. Local government functions within a community, with the result that emphasis has been placed on community representation by elected council members and the election of a mayor and deputy mayor. However, the elected municipal councillors also have certain tasks and powers which come to the fore in their work, e.g. the powers of the municipal council, compiling and implementing municipal by-laws and decisions.
The procedure which has to be adhered to at council meetings, and the type of management system which has been implemented, are also discussed. A municipal council also contributes its share to the community by electing representatives to public bodies and organisations, and through direct public liaison. The major task of any local government is, however, to deliver services to the community. In this respect the local government of Vanderbijlpark was unique. because it carne to an Essential-services-agreement with Vesco in 1946. According to this agreement, Vesco was largely responsible for supplying services, e.g. water and electricity supply, sanitation, maintenance of roads, pavements and drainage. the development of parks, recreation and sports grounds. Co-ordination of these services sometimes resulted in disputes between the Health Committee, the eventual Town Council and Vesco. The additional and supporting services that were supplied by the Health Committee and the eventual Town Council were the following: traffic control, licensing, health services, library services, cemetery and crematory, transport services, fire-brigade and ambulance services and the conservation of the environment. This settlement phase of local government in Vanderbijlpark lent itself to further research through describing e.g. the history of management after 1959. In the period after 1959, the responsibilities of the Town Council were expanded as the Council took over all the services after the Essential-services-agreement had been dissolved. Since 1960 •the input of constitutional developments and government commissions have also affected the development and governing of local authorities, and furthermore it also influenced the functioning of the Vanderbijlpark Town Council .Master
Die oorsprong van die ideaal om \u27n monument ter ere van die Voortrekkers op te rig
No full textEnglish
The origin of the ideal to establish a monument in honour of the Voortrekkers The ideal of constructing a monument in honour of the Voortrekkers originated in Natal. This ideal was pursued in a sporadic way by various Monument Committees from 1866. These committees operated in an uncoordinated and unilateral way to gain financial support. The endeavour to build this majestic monument in honour of the Voortrekkers was at risk because of the divergent attempts of the various committees. This article focuses on the aims of the various committees, the efforts towards their co-ordination and the circumstances which led to their amalgamation. These co-ordinating attempts were aimed at reaching greater unanimity on the monument idea. The Voortrekker Museum Committee in Pietermaritzburg played a leading role in this respect.
Afrikaans
Die oorsprong van die ideaal om \u27n monument ter ere van die Voortrekkers op te rig, moet in Natal gesoek word. Hierdie ideaal is sedert 1866 op \u27n sporadiese wyse deur verskeie Voortrekkermonumentekomitees nagestreef. Elkeen van die komitees het op \u27n ongekoördineerde wyse gefunksioneer en eensydige beroepe om finansiële steun gedoen. Die uiteenlopende werksaamhede het die gevaar ingehou dat die strewe om \u27n grootse monument ter ere van die Voortrekkers op te rig, geskaad kon word. Die artikel fokus op die doelwitte van die verskillende komitees, die koördineringspogings wat daarop gemik was om groter eenstemmigheid ten opsigte van die monumentideaal te verkry, en die omstandighede wat tot hul amalgamering gelei het. In hierdie opsig het die Voortrekkermuseumkomitee in Pietermaritzburg \u27n leidende rol gespeel
Die Pietermaritzburgse debat en letterkundige vereniging, 1908-1918
No full textEnglish
The Pietermaritzburg Debate and Literary Society, 1908-1918 During the period before cinemas commercialised entertaining, debating societies had fulfilled an important social function. In addition, the debating society members, through their involvement, improved their communication skills, reinforced their love for language and increased their knowledge regarding literature, poetry and history. These pleasant gatherings actually became the informal mediums for cultivating the Afrikaner culture in Natal. Virtually all achievements in the field of the Afrikaner culture originated from debating and youth societies. In this article, this development is linked to the cultural environment in Natal and the broader cultural movement in the Afrikaner community at a macro-level. At micro-level, the review of the activities of the Pietermaritzburg Debating and Literary Society presents a cultural image of the trials and tribulations which arose from the monthly activities of this society.
Afrikaans
In die tydperk voordat bioskope vermaak gekommersialiseer het, het debatsverenigings \u27n belangrike sosiale funksie vervul. Op die koop toe het die debatsverenigingslede deur hierdie betrokkenheid hul kommunikasie vaardighede verbeter, hul taalliefde versterk, asook hul kennis aangaande die letterkunde, die digkuns en die geskiedenis verruim. Hierdie verenigings is daarom ook as die leke se universiteit bestempel. Hierdie gesellige byeenkomste het in der waarheid die informele kweekplekke van die Afrikanerkultuur in Natal geword. Bykans alle prestasies op die Afrikanerkultuur gebied in Natal het hul oorsprong in debats- en jongeliedeverenigings gehad. In die artikel word hierdie ontwikkeling op \u27n makrovlak aan die kultuurmilieu in Natal en die breër kulturele beweging in Afrikanergeledere gekoppel. Op mikrovlak bied hierdie oorsig van die werksaamhede van die Pietermaritzburgse Debat en Letterkundige Vereniging \u27n kultuurbeeld van die lief en leed wat uit hierdie vereniging se maandelikse bedrywighede gerekonstrueer is
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Suid-Afrika se ontvoogding van die Britse konneksie in die dertigerjare : van die Statuut van Westminster (1931) tot by oorlogsverklaring (1939)
Get PDFProefskrif (PhD (Geskiedenis))--PU vir CHO, 1997The aim of this study is to discover the process of South Africa's emancipation from her British connection between 1 931 and 1 939. The writer chose the political and constitutional aspects of this theme as focal points. In order to establish a clear picture in describing this process, it was necessary to trace South Africa's British connection to its origin. A line is thus drawn from the early nineteenth century to 1930 to illustrate the clash between British imperialism and Afrikaner nationalism. While L. Botha and J.C. Smuts favoured the British connection, J.B.M. Hertzog believed that South Africa had the right to secede from the British empire. Botha and Smuts founded their policy on the belief that it was South Africa's honour and duty to be a member of the British Commonwealth and to assist Britain. However, Hertzog's slogan, South Africa First, lay the foundation for nationalists' desire to emancipate South Africa from her British connection. The dispute on the question of South Africa's emancipation from the British connection was centred around the following three questions: was the British crown divisible, did South Africa have the right to secede from the British Commonwealth and could she remain neutral in a British war? Up to 1926 imperialists and nationalists clashed head on in claiming respectively to uphold the British connection and to emancipate from it. After the Balfour
declaration of 1926, when dominium’s and Britain got on equal footing with their status, Hertzog laid constitutional disputes aside. Secession, according to him, was no longer an issue. From 1926 he focused on a policy that Botha once lay down namely, the conciliation of Afrikaans and English cultures. Hertzog's firm belief that secession was not a practical political issue, together with his belief that Smuts had accepted his slogan of South Africa first, saw home fusion between the two leaders. This caused Malan and his nationalist followers to break away and form the Purified National Party. They believed that by fusion the British connection was greatly strengthened. The Status Laws of 1934 partially integrated the 1 931 Statute of Westminster. Thus it was generally accepted that South Africa had her own king, the right to secede from the Commonwealth and the right to be neutral. These laws caused a few SAP members, with Stalled as their leader, to split and form the Dominium Party. Fusion only lasted five years. In 1939 a second World War put the solidarity of the United Party to test. Hertzog's neutrality motion was defeated by Smuts and his followers. Once again South Africa was tied up on Britain's side.Doctora
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
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