117,863 research outputs found
Memory characteristics in individuals with savant skills
No full textIn this chapter it is argued that memory performance provides a coherent picture of savant abilities, even though the talents displayed make different demands on memory and learning. The chapter opens with an introduction to savant talent, to issues in relation to domain-specificity and modularity, as well as the role of practice and implicit memory. These topics have been picked out because of their relevance to memory and also because of associations with autism. Three sections then follow which focus on savant memory performance amongst numerical and calendar calculators, musicians and artists, where the evidence from empirical studies is placed in the context of the issues raised in the Introduction. Finally, a theoretical interpretation is presented which, it is argued, provides a convincing account of the development of savant abilities
Evaluating the use of a Teacher’s Diary to illuminate the moral dimensions of a teacher educator’s everyday work.
No full textThis paper aims to evaluate my early attempts at using my Teacher’s Diary as a method (Aleskewski 2006, Holly & Altrichter 2011, Bold 2012) to gain a deeper insight into the moral dimensions of my day to day practice as a teacher educator in the tertiary sector in the UK. I chose this method of data collection firstly for its potential to be authentic, trustworthy and systematic due the very nature of the researcher as participant (Ellis 2004, 2009; Piper & Simons 2011) and secondly as a genuine method to interpret my everyday actions as moral ones. This evaluation aims to highlight the extent to which I was able to reach these aims as a novice auto-ethnographical researcher. Much of the literature reflecting upon the use of diaries and narratives in research is able to demonstrate the rich data that can emerge from the text that is then analysed and interpreted by both researcher and reader (Ellis 2004; Anderson 2006; Sparkes 2007; Kenton 2011; Bold 2012). This rich data is often put forward as best placed to help readers connect with the author and understand their experiences of their cultural context more fully. The first aim of this paper is to share my experiences of using this method of data collection by highlighting the contradictions and challenges and sometimes ‘messy’ nature of maintaining diaries (Holly & Altrichter 2011) within education research contexts as both the teacher-participant and researcher. The second aim of the paper is to reflect upon the usefulness of the dairy as a way of ‘seeing’ practice. The third aim is to briefly draw upon literature from the work of Pring (2001), Goodlad et al (1990) and Mahony (2009) and Fallona (2000) Noddings (2010) who suggest that teaching is a moral endeavour and that teacher’s morals can be visible in their practice and to analyse examples of the diary entries that show moral dimensions. The paper will add to the work of Webb & Blond (1995) and Husu & Tirri (2003) who also explore the extent to which a Teacher’s Diary can, in a practical way, show the moral aspects that arise, and the decisions taken, on a day to day basis by one teacher educator. The paper begins to highlight the extent to which morals can be taught or caught in this context, namely teacher education (Mahoney 2009), and makes the point as Kiss and Euban (2010) do, that developing the virtues of intellect either through explicit curriculum, pedagogical choices or institutional values, cannot be separated from developing virtues of character
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
No full textThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Remembering the past and imagining the future: A role for nonvisual imagery in the everyday cognition of the blind and the sighted
No full textImages can be generated in all sensory modalities. Nevertheless, research on the everyday use of mental imagery, for example in autobiographical memory tasks, has suggested that it is only visual images that facilitate memory retrieval (e.g., Williams, Healy, & Ellis, 1999). If this is the case, individuals born without sight may be forced to rely more on verbal encoding (Goddard & Pring, 2001). This paper explores the presence and everyday role of nonvisual sensory imagery in 16 individuals with and 16 without sight. Using a cue word paradigm, contrary to previous research, Experiment 1 suggested that for both blind and sighted people, nonvisual imageries have a significant role to play in the generation of autobiographical memories. These results were reinforced by similar findings in Experiment 2, which used the same cue word method to explore the role of visual and nonvisual (auditory) imagery when generating future events. The results refute the claim that “useful” imagery in everyday tasks is exclusively visual
Perancangan Sistem Pengukuran Performansi Logistik di PT. Pring Mas Surabaya
No full textEra globalisasi membuat persaingan yang ada khususnya di industri pembuatan minyak kelapa menjadi semakin ketat. Perkembangan teknologi yang ada membuat perusahaan lain menjadi pesaing yang tangguh bagi PT. Pring Mas. Persaingan yang ketat ini membuat PT. Pring Mas harus menetapkan strategi yang tepat untuk dapat bertahan terus dalam persaingan, bahkan untuk memenangkannya. Oleh karena itu perusahaan perlu dilakukan suatu perancangan pengukuran kinerja secara•keseluruhan.
Pengukuran performansi logistik menggunakan konsep Balanced Scorecard diawali dengan mengetahui visi, misi, dan strategi perusahaan. Penentuan strategi perusahaan mempertimbangkan analisis SWOT. Dari strategi utama tersebut akan dijabarkan ke dalam strategi dalam tiap kriteria komponen logistik. Performansi logistik terdiri dari komponen inbound logistics perspective yang berkaitan dengan pengukuran kinerja perusahaan dalam upaya pengadaan bahan baku, warehousing berhubungan dengan penyimpanan kopra sebagai bahan baku utama, material flow management berkaitan dengan proses produksi, transportation perspective berkaitan dengan pengiriman produk jadi ke konsumen, marketing perspective berhubungan dengan pemasaran produk, customer service perspective berkaitan dengan pelayanan kepada konsumen dan financial berhubungan dengan uang. Untuk mendukung analisis perbaikan pada inbound logistics perspective, diukur kinerja supplier dalam komponen supply management, yang bertugas sebagai pemasok bahan baku kepada perusahaan. Dari kriteria dan komponen tersebut, kemudian ditentukan target dan bobot untuk masing-masing kriteria dan komponen menggunakan metode pairwise comparison.
Performansi logistik perusahaan pada periode I mencapai angka 2.798 kemudian meningkat pada periode II mencapai angka tertinggi yaitu 2.858, menurun pada periode III menjadi 2.705, pada periode IV mengalami peningkatan lagi menjadi
2.755. Skala yang digunakan yaitu l,OO total hasil pengukuran<l,68 berarti kinerja perusahaan kurang baik; 1,68 Stotal hasil pengukuran<2,34 berarti kinerja perusahaan cukup baik; 2,34 total hasil pengukuran 9,00 berarti kinerja perusahaan baik. Secara
umum performansi logistik di PT Pring Mas masih tergolong baik.
Dari hasil pengukuran performansi logistik diketahui kriteria-kriteria yang
menyebabkan kinerja perusahaan jelek dan perlu diperbaiki. Yang menjadi prioritas adalah persentase jumlah pengiriman bahan baku dengan kualitas baik.. Dengan metode Quality Function Deployment dan dibantu oleh Ishikawa diagram, dapat ditentukan inisiatif perbaikan yang paling berpengaruh pada kriteria-kriteria tersebut dengan membuat House of Quality yaitu matriks inisiatif. Inisiatif yang paling berpengaruh adalah membuat daftar kualitas bahan baku, membuat data setelan mesin, memperhatikan jadwal pengiriman produk jadi, dan meningkatkan koordinasi bagian pembelian dan pemasaran. Bagian yang paling berpengaruh terhadap inisiatif perbaikan adalah bagian pembelian dan produksi. Pada matriks action plan berisikan action plan dari tiap inisiatif dan bagian/staff yang terkait pada pelaksanaannya
Square Dancing with the Stars to Enhance Dynamic Hirschman Linkages?
No full textIn this Presidential Address, the author takes the reader on a reconnaissance of his life and time as a regional scientist. He points out scenery he found scintillating along the way, hoping that some may pick up the banner and chew on a few of the ideas for a while. He suggests a revisit to Albert O. Hirschman’s notion of key sectors and more empirical analysis related to Marcus Berliant’s and Masahisa Fujita’s notion of knowledge creation and transfer.Presidential Address, San Antonio, Texas, March 29, 2014 (53rd Meetings of the Southern Regional Science Association
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
No full textWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Melody and pitch processing in five musical savants with congenital blindness
No full textAbstract. We examined absolute-pitch (AP) and short-term musical memory abilities of five musical savants with congenital blindness, seven musicians, and seven non-musicians with good vision and normal intelligence in two experiments. In the first, short-term memory for musical phrases was tested and the savants and musicians performed statistically indistinguishably, both signifi- cantly outperforming the non-musicians and remembering more material from the C major scale sequences than random trials. In the second experiment, participants learnt associations between four pitches and four objects using a non-verbal paradigm. This experiment approximates to testing AP ability. Low statistical power meant the savants were not statistically better than the musicians, although only the savants scored statistically higher than the non-musicians. The results are evidence for a musical module, separate from general intelligence; they also support the anecdotal reporting of AP in musical savants, which is thought to be necessary for the development of musical-savant skill
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