1,721,781 research outputs found
Different approaches toward the enhancement of drug solubility and/or dissolution rate
No full textNontraditional methods such as supercritical antisolvent processing and ultrasonic processor rely on physical alterations to enhance drug solubility and dissolution rate. They are advantageous because of their application to a wide variety of drugs and relatively short processing time. Our works show reduced particle size and complexation with these techniques results in the modification of dissolution rate and or solubility. Crystalline form of a drug is preferable because most drugs occur in this form and tend to be stable at this condition. Towards this effort new nanosized crystalline coordination drug polymers are synthesized to enhance drug solubility or dissolution rate. γ-Indomethacin (IMC) is successfully processed with the supercritical antisolvent (SAS) technique. Pure, acicular (needle-like) particles of the α-polymorph are consistently obtained with SAS as the solvent, concentration, temperature and pressures are varied. Controlled changes in process parameters yield significant changes in particle size. Enhanced dissolution profiles are observed with IMC processed with SAS as opposed to the unprocessed IMC. The reduced particle size, as well as the α-polymorphic form of IMC, contributes to the enhanced dissolution rate. Hydroxypropyl-β- cyclodextrin complexation of γ-Indomethacin (IMC) was processed with the supercritical antisolvent (SAS) technique as well. SAS processing resulted in the highest initial dissolution rate of IMC complexed particles compared to both spray drying and the physical mixture. This initial increase in dissolution rate is attributed to the micronization of particles. The addition of the water soluble polymer polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) to the IMC complex enhanced the dissolution rate further. Finally, the synthesis of new nanosized crystalline coordination drug polymers is explored. These crystalline coordination drug polymers are composed of the drug molecules coordinated to zinc metal ion as a ligand. The dissolution is controlled mainly by the release of the bridging ligands. These new nanocrystalline CDPs serve as potential for enhanced dissolution.Ph. D.Includes bibliographical referencesIncludes vitaby Princy Ann Abraha
On generalized derivations of polynomial vector fields Lie algebras
No full textIn this paper, we study the generalized derivation of a Lie sub-algebra ofthe Lie algebra of polynomial vector fields on where ,containing all constant vector fields and the Euler vector field, under someconditions on this Lie sub-algebra
Public Transportation System using Swarm Technology
No full textAbstract: Pedestrians, ridden or herded animals, vehicles, streetcars, and buses are all instances of road users who travel alone or in groups on public roadways. Both informal and official standards are included in the phrase "road regulations." standards and legislation that have emerged over time to help keep traffic flowing smoothly and efficiently. The informal rules and legislation that have developed over time to facilitate the orderly and timely flow of traffic are known as rules of the road. In structured traffic, terms like priorities, lanes, right-of-way, and traffic management have specific definitions. Heavy motor vehicles (cars, trucks), other vehicles (mopeds, bicycles), and pedestrians are the three types of traffic. Some countries have complicated and detailed traffic laws, while others rely on common sense and driver cooperation. In terms of travel, the organization t gives a better mix of safety and efficiency. Road work, garbage, and street collisions can all obstruct traffic flow and transform it into a chaotic mess. On heavily packed freeways, a minor disruption will persist, a phenomenon known as traffic waves. A complete breakdown of organization can result in gridlock and traffic congestion. In simulations of organized traffic, stochastic processes, queuing theory, and mathematical physics equations are widely used.Published By: Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering and Sciences Publication (BEIESP)
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Supplement_1 – Supplemental material for Intralesional Cidofovir for Treatment of Acyclovir-Resistant Laryngeal Herpes Manifesting as Supraglottic Mass
No full textSupplemental material, Supplement_1 for Intralesional Cidofovir for Treatment of Acyclovir-Resistant Laryngeal Herpes Manifesting as Supraglottic Mass by Charles Q. Yang, Anisha Mathur, Princy N. Kumar and Vaninder K. Dhillon in Annals of Otology, Rhinology & Laryngology</p
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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