1,721,053 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Traitement très performant des données métagénomiques quantitatives
No full textAvec l'avènement de la technologie de séquençage de la prochaine génération, une quantité sans cesse croissante de données génomiques est produite à mesure que le coût du séquençage diminue. Cela a permis au domaine de la métagénomique de se développer rapidement. Par conséquent, la communauté bioinformatique est confrontée à des goulots d'étranglement informatiques sans précédent pour traiter les énormes ensembles de données métagénomiques. Les pipelines traditionnels de métagénomique se composent de plusieurs étapes, utilisant différentes plates-formes de calcul distribuées et parallèles pour améliorer leurs performances. Cependant, l'évolutivité de ces outils n'est pas efficace. Ils affichent de lourds frais généraux d'exécution lors du prétraitement de grandes quantités de données et ne sont pas en mesure de passer automatiquement à l'échelle supérieure pour collecter davantage de ressources informatiques. De plus, l'absence de modularité intégrée rend également leur maintenance et leur évolutivité difficiles. Ici, nous avons conçu QMSpy, une nouvelle plate-forme tout-en-un à la fois évolutive et modulaire. Dès le début, les lectures brutes de séquençage sont stockées sur stockage distribué et transformées en objets distribués, qui sont prétraités (rognés, nettoyés, filtrés, etc.), mis en correspondance avec le catalogue du génome de référence et comptés pour générer des tables d'abondance. QMSpy a été construit sur un cluster de calcul haute performance, utilisant le framework PySpark - un logiciel adaptatif qui supporte Python on Spark et étend le modèle Hadoop MapReduce. QMSpy a été testé avec des ensembles de données simulées et réelles. Dans ce pipeline, nous avons intégré des outils bioinformatiques bien connus tels que Bowtie2, Trimmomatic, Bwa, HiSat, Minimap, etc. pour traiter le séquençage des données. Notre approche prend en charge la création de workflows personnalisables en utilisant une enveloppe d'outils pour distribuer des logiciels externes dans des modules exécutables à déployer sur le cluster Spark et à exécuter en parallèle. De plus, QMSpy peut être déployé sur presque toutes les plates-formes de services informatiques à haute performance populaires telles que Google Cloud, Amazon Web Services, Microsoft Azure ou Docker et s'intégrer de manière flexible dans l'environnement d'entreprise et organisationnel tel que Hortonwork Data Platform, Salesforce, Teradata etc. En comparant QMSpy avec des ensembles de données réelles et simulées, nous avons identifié certains des facteurs les plus importants qui influencent l'exactitude du processus de quantification. Enfin, QMSpy avec ses caractéristiques telles que l'évolutivité et la modularité permettent aux bioinformaticiens de proposer de nouveaux algorithmes qui améliorent la quantification génétique, taxonomique et fonctionnelle des écosystèmes microbiens. Et nous croyons que cette ressource sera d'une grande valeur pour le domaine de la gestion de la quantitative metagenomics.The assessment and characterization of the gut microbiome has become a focus of research in the area of human autoimmune diseases. Many diseases such as obesity, inflammatory bowel (IBD), lean or beses twins, colorectal cancers and so on (Qin et al. 2010; Turnbaugh et al. 2009) have already been found to be associated with changes in the human microbiome. To investigate these relationships, quantitative metagenomics (QM) studies based on sequencing data could be performed. Understanding the role of the microbiome in human health and how it can be modulated is becoming increasingly relevant for precision medicine and for the medical management of chronic diseases. Results from such QM studies which report the organisms present in the samples and profile their abundances, will be used for continuous analyses. The terms microbiome and microbiota are used indistinctly to describe the community of microorganisms that live in a given environment. The development of high-throughput DNA sequencing technologies has boosted microbiome research through the study of microbial genomes allowing a more precise quantification of microbial and functional abundance. However, microbiome data analysis is challenging because it involves high-dimensional structured multivariate sparse data and because of its compositional structure of microbiome data. The data preprocessing is typically implemented as a pipeline (workflow) with third-party software that each process input files and produces output files. The pipelines are often deep, with ten or more tools, which could be very diverse from different languages such as R, Python, Perl etc. and integrated into different frameworks (Leipzig 2017) such as Galaxy, Apache Taverna, Toil etc. The challenges with existing approaches is that they are not always efficient with very large datasets in terms of scalability for individual tools in a metagenomics pipeline and their execution speed also has not met the expectations of the bioinformaticians. To date, more and more data are captured or generated from many different research areas such as Physics, Climatology, Sociology, Remote sensing or Management as well as bioinformatics. Indeed, Big Data Analytics (BDA) describes the unprecedented growth of data generated and collected from all kinds of data sources as mentioned above. This growth could be in the volume of data, in the speed of data moving in/out or in the speed of analyzing data which depends on high-performance computing (HPC) technologies. In the past few decades since the invention of the computer, HPC has contributed significantly to our quality of life - driving scientific innovation, enhancing engineering design and consumer goods manufacturing, as well as strengthening national and international security. This has been recognised and emphasised by both government and industry, with major ongoing investments in areas encompassing weather forecasting, scientific research and development as well as drug design and healthcare outcomes. In many ways, those two worlds (HPC and big data) are slowly, but surely converging. They are the keys to overcome limitations of bioinformatics analysis in general and quantitative metagenomics analysis in particular. Within the scope of this thesis, we contributed a novel bioinformatics framework and pipeline called QMSpy which helped bioinformaticians overcome limitations related to HPC and big data domains in the context of quantitative metagenomics. QMSpy tackles two challenges introduced by large scale NGS data: (i) sequencing data alignment - a computation intensive task and (ii) quantify metagenomics objects - a memory intensive task. By leveraging the powerful distributed computing engine (Apache Spark), in combination with the workflow management of big data processing (Hortonwork Data Platform), QMSpy allows us not only to bypass [...
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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