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Mišljenja i stavovi učitelja o vrednovanju praktičnih radova u razrednoj nastavi
Get PDFNastava je djelotvornija ako su učenici aktivniji na satu, no praktični radovi su i dalje najmanje zastupljeni u školi. Aktivni oblici nastave potiču veliku motivaciju kod učenika te samim time predstavljaju temeljni uvjet za uspješno učenje. Znajući koliku važnost i posebnost imaju praktični radovi u odgoju i obrazovanju učenika te da učenici najbolje i najviše gradiva usvoje putem metoda praktičnih radova, ovim diplomskim radom željelo se utvrditi u kojoj su mjeri praktični radovi koriste na nastavi te na koji način ih učitelji vrednuju. Diplomski rad sastoji se od dva dijela: teorijskog i metodičkog. Teorijski dio radnje analizira temeljne pojmove i važnost praktičnih radova u nastavi koji omogućuju učenicima da osvijeste različite misaone operacije, razviju interes za izučavanje prirodnih, ali i društvenih fenomena i događaja. Praktični radovi trebaju postati sastavni dio procesa učenja na svim satovima u školi jer će se apstraktni sadržaji bolje osvijestiti i spoznati, a učenicima omogućiti aktivno uključivanje u procese te će u kombinaciji praktičnih radova, simulacija i igrokaza bolje razumjeti uzročno-posljedičnu povezanost pojedinih procesa, ali i događaja te pokazati veći interes za prirodno-društvene sadržaje. U metodičkom dijelu rada prikazuju se od kojeg razreda učitelji uvode praktične redove, koje praktične radove koriste u kojem nastavnom predmetu, što najviše gledaju tijekom ocjenjivanja praktičnog rada, tko snosi najveći dio troškova za pribor, kojom ocjenom učitelji ocjenjuju praktične radove, koliko često u pojedinim predmetima koriste praktične radove.Teaching is more efficient if the students are more active, but practical work is still the least represented in the school. Active forms of teaching encourage high motivation among students and represent the foundations for successful learning. Knowing the importance and meaning of the practical work in the education of students and the fact that the most of the curriculum is learned through the methods of practical work, this graduate work was made in order to determine which practical work was used in teaching and how teachers evaluate them. The thesis consists of two parts: theoretical and methodological. The theoretical part of the paper analyzes the main concepts and the importance of practical teaching work that allow students to develop different thought operations, and interest in studying natural, but also social phenomena and events. Practical work should become an integral part of the learning process at all classroom hours as abstract features, because in that way it will be better known and learned, and students will be active involved in the process. Students will better understand the causes and consequences of individual processes, events and show greater interest in natural-social content if there is a combination of practical work, simulation and play. The methodological part of the paper shows in which classes the teachers introduce practical work, and which practical work is used in which subject, and also on what are they paying attention when they evaluate practical work, who is paying for accessories for the class, how the teachers evaluate the practical work (the grades), how often they use practical work
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Infections associated with permanent CSF drainage systems
Get PDFSustavi za trajnu odvodnju likvora postavljaju se kao dio terapije hidrocefalusa, najčešće kongenitalne, posthemoragijske ili postoperativne etiologije. Kao sustav za trajnu odvodnju likvora većinom se koristi ventrikulo-peritonejska drenaža (VPD) koja je rizični čimbenik za razvoj shunt meningitisa. Cilj ovog retrospektivnog deskriptivnog istraživanje provedenog u Klinici za infektivne bolesti „dr. Fran Mihaljević“ bio je analizirati demografske i kliničke karakteristike bolesnika dječje i adolescentne dobi oboljelih od shunt meningitisa u razdoblju od početka 2004. do kraja 2018. godine. U istraživanje je bilo uključeno 47 bolesnika koji su se prezentirali sa 68 slučajeva shunt meningitisa. Medijan dobi iznosio je 1,1 godinu. Najčešća dijagnoza bio je akutni bakterijski meningitis (ABM), dijagnosticiran u 81 % slučajeva, dok je u 13 % bolesnika dijagnosticiran eozinofilni meningitis (EM) kao reakcija na strano tijelo. U bolesnika s dijagnozom ABM-a uzročnik je izoliran iz likvora u 80 % slučajeva pri čemu je Staphylococcus epidermidis izoliran u 61 % bolesnika. Simptomi meningitisa razvili su se unutar 30 dana od postavljanja VPD-a u 49 % slučajeva ABM-a i 67 % slučajeva EM-a. Razlika u vremenima lantencije bila je statistički značajno niža u skupine bolesnika s dijagnozom EM-a pri čemu je medijan iznosio 3,5 dana, a za ABM 27 dana. Kao komplikacija ABM-a u 28 % bolesnika razvio se peritonitis na koji je upućivala statistički značajno povišena vrijednost CRP-a. Medijan vremena sterilizacije u bolesnika s kongenitalnim hidrocefalusom bio je statistički značajno niži te je iznosio 8 dana, dok je u ostalih bolesnika iznosio 16 dana. U bolesnika s dijagnozom ABM-a bio je jasan nalaz povišenih vrijednosti specifičnih za bakterijsku upalu (CRP, leukociti u krvi, udio neutrofila u krvi) kao i jasan nalaz likvora specifičan za ABM (pleocitoza, povišen udio polimononukleara te nalaz hipoglikorahije). U bolesnika s dijagnozom ABM-a uzrokovanim uzročnikom iz skupine „G -“ udjeli neutrofila u krvi i polimorfonukleara u likvoru bili su statistički značajno viši nego u skupini bolesnika s ABM-om uzrokovanim uzročnicima iz skupine „G +“. Bolesnici s ABM-om liječeni su ili konzervativno, samo primjenom antibiotika, ili u kombinaciji sa zamjenom sustava za odvodnju likvora. Vankomicin (87 %) i meropenem (72 %) bili su najčešće korišteni antibiotici u liječenju bolesnika s ABM-om. Svi bolesnici s EM-om liječeni su primjenom kortikosteroida. U 3 bolesnika (6,4 %) bolest je rezultirala smrtnim ishodom. ABM najčešći je oblik shunt meningitisa te se uglavnom javlja unutar 30 dana od postavljanja VPD-a s kliničkom slikom bakterijske upale. Stoga je važno pravovremeno dijagnosticirati i liječiti bolesnike kako bi se spriječio razvoj komplikacija i smrtnog ishoda.Permanent cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) drainage systems are used as part of hydrocephalus therapy, most commonly of congenital, post-hemorrhagic or postoperative etiology. Ventriculoperitoneal shunt (VPS) is the main system for permanent drainage of CSF, which is a risk factor for the development of shunt meningitis. The aim of this retrospective descriptive research conducted at the Hospital for Infectious Diseases "dr. Fran Mihaljević " was to analyze the demographic and clinical characteristics of pediatric patients with shunt meningitis in the period 2004 - 2018. This study analysed 47 patients who presented with 68 episodes of meningitis. Median age was 1.1 years. The most common diagnosis was acute bacterial meningitis (ABM), diagnosed in 81% of cases, while eosinophilic meningitis (EM) as a reaction to a foreign body occured in 13% of patients. In subjects with ABM, the ethiology was confirmed by isolation from the CSF in 80% of cases. 61% of patients were positive for Staphylococcus epidermidis. Symptoms developed within 30 days of VPS implantation in 49% of ABM cases and in 67% of EM cases. The difference in latency was statistically significantly lower in EM patients (median of 3.5 days) than in ABM patients (median of 27 days). In 28% of patients ABM was complicated by peritonitis indicated by statistically significantly elevated CRP. Median time of sterilization in patients with congenital hydrocephalus was 8 days which was statistically significantly lower than in other patients (16 days). In patients with ABM diagnosis there was a clear finding of elevated values specific for bacterial inflammation (CRP, blood leukocytes, neutrophil blood counts) as well as a clear finding of ABM-specific CSF findings (pleocytosis, elevated fraction of polymononuclears and hypoglycorrhachia). In patients diagnosed with ABM caused by the "G-" group, blood neutrophil counts and CSF polymorphonuclear counts were statistically significantly higher than in the group of patients with ABM caused by "G+". ABM patients were treated either conservatively, using only antibiotics, or in combination with the replacement of the drainage system. Vancomycin (87%) and meropenem (72%) were the most common antibiotics in the treatment of patients with ABM. All patients with EM were treated with corticosteroids. Three patients (6,4%) died. ABM is the most common form of shunt meningitis and it usually occurs within 30 days of VPS implantation with a clinical presentation of bacterial inflammation. It is therefore important to diagnose and treat patients in a timely manner in order to prevent the development of complications and deaths
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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