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Procurement with Bid Preference and Buyer’s Switching Costs
No full textUniversity of Minnesota Ph.D. dissertation. June 2023. Major: Economics. Advisors: Thomas Holmes, Amil Petrin. 1 computer file (PDF); ix, 119 pages.Switching costs that arise in repeated purchases of durable goods cause buyers to face conflicting incentives: facilitating competition among potential sellers leads to lower prices while restricting competition among them allows buyers to avoid the disruption associated with introducing a new brand. I study this trade-off in an auction environment with bid preference that allows buyers to favor certain sellers. I construct novel data on fleet renewal by municipal bus operators in Poland who use a common format of scoring auctions to implement bid preference. Consistent with their incentive of avoiding switching costs, the operators favor incumbent bus producers. Motivated by this finding, I develop and estimate a structural model of public procurement with bidder favoritism to quantify the main driving forces of the trade-off. Estimates suggest that bid preference programs can balance the trade-off if an auction attracts sufficiently many bidders, whereas forcibly promoting competition while ignoring the underlying lock-in relationship between buyers and incumbent sellers would lead to counter-productive outcomes. Therefore, the design of public procurement should not only target achieving low prices but also account for other aspects contributing to buyers' welfare.Premik, Filip. (2023). Procurement with Bid Preference and Buyer’s Switching Costs. Retrieved from the University Digital Conservancy, https://hdl.handle.net/11299/258649
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Szacowanie bezpośrednich skutków programu Rodzina 500+
No full textI investigate the immediate effects of the introduction of a large-scale child benefit programme on the labour supply of household members in Poland. Due to non-random eligibility and the universal character of the programme, standard evaluation estimators may be inconsistent. In order to address this issue, I propose an approach that combines difference-in-difference (DID) propensity score based methods with the covariate balancing propensity score (CBPS) approach developed by Imai and Ratkovic [2014]. The DID estimators exploit the time dimension to uncover the causal effect of interest. The CBPS method is expected to significantly reduce the bias resulting from systematic differences between treated and untreated subpopulations. I also account for potential heterogeneity among households by focusing on comparisons between locally defined subpopulations of individuals, which jointly provide a comprehensive view on the overall impact. I find that on average previously employed mothers maintain their labour supply although there are heterogeneous weak responses depending on the age of the youngest children. Additionally, mothers who did not work before the introduction of the programme are even less likely to do so having received the benefit. The fathers’ labour supply remained mostly unaffected by the programme, with the exception of previously unemployed fathers, who tend to work more often having received the benefits. This finding may suggest that the programme strengthens the traditional division of household roles, with the male being the main earner
Szacowanie bezpośrednich skutków programu Rodzina 500+
No full textI investigate the immediate effects of the introduction of a large-scale child benefit
programme on the labour supply of household members in Poland. Due to non-random
eligibility and the universal character of the programme, standard evaluation
estimators may be inconsistent. In order to address this issue, I propose an approach
that combines difference-in-difference (DID) propensity score based methods with
the covariate balancing propensity score (CBPS) approach developed by Imai and
Ratkovic [2014]. The DID estimators exploit the time dimension to uncover the
causal effect of interest. The CBPS method is expected to significantly reduce the
bias resulting from systematic differences between treated and untreated subpopulations.
I also account for potential heterogeneity among households by focusing
on comparisons between locally defined subpopulations of individuals, which
jointly provide a comprehensive view on the overall impact. I find that on average
previously employed mothers maintain their labour supply although there are heterogeneous
weak responses depending on the age of the youngest children. Additionally,
mothers who did not work before the introduction of the programme
are even less likely to do so having received the benefit. The fathers’ labour supply
remained mostly unaffected by the programme, with the exception of previously
unemployed fathers, who tend to work more often having received the benefits.
This finding may suggest that the programme strengthens the traditional division
of household roles, with the male being the main earner.W artykule zbadano bezpośredni wpływ wprowadzenia programu świadczeń Rodzina
500+ na podaż pracy gospodarstw domowych w Polsce. Ze względu na uniwersalny
charakter programu standardowe metody ewaluacji programów mogą zwracać
niezgodne oszacowania. W celu zachowania pożądanych własności statystycznych
w artykule zaproponowano nowe podejście łączące strategię estymacji difference-
-in-difference (DID) z wagami bilansującymi rozkłady zmiennych towarzyszących
(tzw. CBPS, Imai, Ratkovic [2014]). Podejście to rozwiązuje potencjalne problemy z brakiem spełnienia równoległych trendów, a także zmniejsza skalę obciążenia
wynikającego z różnic pomiędzy jednostkami pobierającymi i niepobierającymi
świadczeń. Wyniki wskazują na zaniedbywalny wpływ programu na podaż pracy
w kwartałach następujących bezpośrednio po wprowadzeniu programu
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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