1,361,104 research outputs found
Approach bias modification training to increase physical activity: A pilot randomized controlled trial in healthy volunteers
No full textRegular physical activity is associated with better physical and mental health outcomes as well as higher quality of life. This pilot randomized controlled trial examined whether approach bias modification, an economical and easily accessible computerized cognitive training, could increase objectively and subjectively measured physical activity in individuals aiming for more physical activity. Forty healthy volunteers of normal weight were randomly allocated to six sessions of approach bias modification or no treatment. The approach bias modification adopted an implicit learning paradigm that trained participants to show approach behavior in response to visual cues of physical activity. Approach bias modification did not increase objectively and subjectively measured physical activity
Empathy for pain: The effects of prior experience and sex
No full textBackground: Empathy is considered as both a characteristic trait and a variable state. The present experiment examined whether or not prior exposure to pain, perceived similarity, sex and attributed pain intensity are associated with state empathy for pain. Methods: The state empathy of students (38 female, 42 male) in response to pictures displaying exposure to pressure pain was measured via self-reports, using a newly developed state empathy scale with the two subscales of emotional response and perspective taking. Physiological responses were also recorded. Half of the participants were exposed to pressure pain prior to the experiment. Perceived similarity to the person being exposed to pain and their estimated pain intensity were assessed. Results: The results revealed that perceived similarity and sex were significantly related to the emotional dimension of empathy. This sex difference was partially mediated by the estimated intensity of pain. Women rated the intensity of pain more highly and achieved higher scores on the emotional response subscale. Exposure to pain predicted empathy on the perspective-taking subscale, resulting in higher scores when the subject had been exposed to the same pain stimulus. The physiological recordings did not correlate with any of the empathy scores. Conclusions: Greater degrees of perceived similarity, being female and higher estimated pain were linked to a stronger emotional reaction, whereas previous exposure to pain facilitated perspective taking. Pointing out similarities between people and their past experiences, as well as focusing on the imagined discomfort being felt by another person, may modulate empathy for pain
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Full text link1. Trauer-Marsch / componiert von I. A. Preis. 2. Polonoise / gedichtet von Thielemann und componiert von Carl Eisrichhttp://tartu.ester.ee/record=b2694678~S23*es
Preis-Liste der J. A. John Aktien-Gesellschaft
No full textPREIS-LISTE DER J. A. JOHN AKTIEN-GESELLSCHAFT
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Characterizing the time-perspective of nations with search engine query data
Full text linkVast quantities of data on human behavior are being created by our everyday internet usage. Building upon a recent study by Preis, Moat, Stanley, and Bishop (2012), we used search engine query data to construct measures of the time-perspective of nations, and tested these measures against per-capita gross domestic product (GDP). The results indicate that nations with higher per-capita GDP are more focused on the future and less on the past, and that when these nations do focus on the past, it is more likely to be the distant past. These results demonstrate the viability of using nation-level data to build psychological constructs
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No full textIt is very unusual for an jury to have the possibility to consider, while analyzing the different qualities of a building, all criteria defining together a sustainable development. Instead of considering the building as an object, even beautiful and efficient, the jury has always been looking at it as a place to live. A place to live better, a place to live happier with and within the other inhabitants
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Layers of deformed instantons in holographic baryonic matter
No full textWe discuss homogeneous baryonic matter in the decompactified limit of the Sakai-Sugimoto model, improving existing approximations based on flat-space instantons. We allow for an anisotropic deformation of the instantons in the holographic and spatial directions and for a density-dependent distribution of arbitrarily many instanton layers in the bulk. Within our approximation, the baryon onset turns out to be a second-order phase transition, at odds with nature, and there is no transition to quark matter at high densities, at odds with expectations from QCD. This changes when we impose certain constraints on the shape of single instantons, motivated by known features of holographic baryons in the vacuum. Then, a first-order baryon onset and chiral restoration at high density are possible, and at sufficiently large densities two instanton layers are formed dynamically. Our results are a further step towards describing realistic, strongly interacting matter over a large density regime within a single model, desirable for studies of compact stars
A Linear Settlement For Emergency Structure: The Gaza Strip's Case Study
No full textAbstractThis paper tries to analyse one possible approach that has enabled us to experiment a strategy for a new settlement based on emergency structures applied in a particular context: The Gaza Strip.First of all, due to the difference between all the paradigms of the strategies of primary health care and emergency medical assistance, the paper tries to demonstrate that there is one possible model that could be adopted as the requirement for the human condition of the Gaza Strip. In that area, the most important problems are related to the lack of educational facilities, health care, relief and social services, microcredit and emergency assistance. In addition, this paper analyses some different proposals planned by experts about the construction of artificial islands and linear systems of communication between the West Bank and the Gaza Strip. Our research, through a holistic approach to the problem, identifies some priorities in a possible plan of intervention. By recognizing a long-term strategy, the proposal is defined within a main territorial axis into the Gaza Strip that can be considered as a basic element of a linear settlement for the realization of an emergency structure that connects Gaza City to Rafah. In the Gaza Strip this axis is immediately identifiable as a morphological feature that is, at the same time, communication network and an element of local organization. It represents an essential element as a result of both its high degree of accessibility and its functional character
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
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