95 research outputs found
Data for: Neural responses to criticism and praise vary with schizotypy and perceived emotional support
No full textWill provide details late
Data for: Perceived criticism and perceived praise predict schizotypy in the non-clinical population: the role of affect and perceived expressed emotion
No full textPlease see the attache file
Are You Being Rejected or Excluded? Insights from Neuroimaging Studies Using Different Rejection Paradigms
No full textRejection sensitivity is the heightened tendency to perceive or anxiously expect disengagement from others during social interaction. There has been a recent wave of neuroimaging studies of rejection. The aim of the current review was to determine key brain regions involved in social rejection by selectively reviewing neuroimaging studies that employed one of three paradigms of social rejection, namely social exclusion during a ball-tossing game, evaluating feedback about preference from peers and viewing scenes depicting rejection during social interaction. A cross the different paradigms of social rejection, there was concordance in regions for experiencing rejection, namely dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), subgenual ACC and ventral ACC. Functional dissociation between the regions for experiencing rejection and those for emotion regulation, namely medial prefrontal cortex, ventrolateral prefrontal cortex (VLPFC) and ventral striatum, was evident in the positive association between social distress and regions for experiencing rejection and the inverse association between social distress and the emotion regulation regions. The paradigms of social exclusion and scenes depicting rejection in social interaction were more adept at evoking rejection-specific neural responses. These responses were varyingly influenced by the amount of social distress during the task, social support received, self-esteem and social competence. Presenting rejection cues as scenes of people in social interaction showed high rejection sensitive or schizotypal individuals to under-activate the dorsal ACC and VLPFC, suggesting that such individuals who perceive rejection cues in others down-regulate their response to the perceived rejection by distancing themselves from the scene
Disability, loneliness and relationships: a thematic report
No full textThis report explores the lived experiences of disabled people regarding relationships, loneliness, and connectedness in the UK. Building on the findings from systematic literature review conducted by the University of Leeds Centre for Disability Studies and Disability Rights UK, the aim of this qualitative literature review was to:- identify disabled people’s preferences in forming social networks and relationships- understand any barriers they may face and the impact of them- review any improvements to schemes, designs, adaptations and service
Audio-recodings of criticism, praise, and neutral comments
No full text<p>An auditory instrument of 100 criticisms, 100 praises, and 100 neutral comments was developed following the conventions for expressed emotion (EE)-criticism and EE-positive comments (Leff & Vaughn, 1985) and following the themes contained in the criticism and praise from an earlier study (Premkumar, et al., 2013). In addition to criticism and praise, neutral comments were designed as a general non-emotional control, and related to topics such as the weather, historical facts, and scientific facts. For example, ‘Today’s weather forecast suggests outbreaks of rain across the north, gradually easing with places becoming dry with sunny spells.’ The number of words per comment ranged from 18 to 20. A male actor and a female actor recorded the comments on a digital voice recorder. The male (AD) and female actors (PP) had a similar age and a similar length of experience in conducting psychological research. When the comments were delivered, the actors were trained to vary the prosodic variables (tone and pitch) to emphasise affective differences between the three types of comments. This was achieved by practising the tone of the voice for each comment type prior to recording. One actor (PP) was trained to rate EE using the CFI, and assessed the consistency of affect between the actors. The actors re-recorded the comments to address any differences in affective expression. </p>
Data from 617 healthy participants performing the Iowa gambling task: a "many labs" collaboration
No full textThis data pool (N = 617) comes from 10 independent studies assessing performance of healthy participants (i.e., no known neurological impairments) on the Iowa gambling task (IGT) - a task measuring decision making under uncertainty in an experimental context. Participants completed a computerized version of the IGT consisting of 95 - 150 trials. The data consist of the choices of each participant on each trial, and the resulting rewards and losses. The data are stored as .rdata, .csv, and .txt files, and can be reused to (1) analyze IGT performance of healthy participants; (2) create a "super control group"; or (3) facilitate model-comparison efforts
Coping styles predict responsiveness to cognitive behaviour therapy in psychosis
No full textThe study aimed to determine the clinical and neuropsychological predictors of responsiveness to cognitive behavioural therapy for psychosis (CBTp). Sixty patients with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder and 25 healthy individuals took part in the study. Thirty patients (25 protocol completers) received CBTp in addition to standard care (SC); 30 patients (18 protocol completers) received SC only. All patients were assessed on symptoms using the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) and clinical and neuropsychological function before and after CBTp. Symptoms and self-esteem improved to a greater extent in the CBTp+SC than SC control group. Greater pre-therapy coping ability and the self-reflectiveness dimension of cognitive insight at baseline predicted improvement in symptoms in the CBTp+SC group, but not the SC control group, explaining up to 21% of the variance in symptom improvement. Pre-therapy neuropsychological function, duration of illness, clinical insight and gender did not predict CBTp responsiveness. Being able to have a range of coping strategies and reflect on one's experiences while refraining from overconfidence in one's interpretations before therapy is conducive to better CBTp responsiveness
Neuropsychologic functioning and structural MRI of the brain in patients with schizophrenia
No full text- …
