2,710 research outputs found
Alberto Predieri e l'imprinting costituzionale
No full textIntervento di apertura del Master 2024 di istituzioni parlamentari
Hydrogen bonds and π–π interactions in two new crystalline phases of methylene blue
No full textTwo unprecedented solid phases involving the 3,7-bis(dimethylamino)phenothiazin-5-ium cation, i.e. methylene blue (MB+), have been obtained and structurally characterized. In the crystals of 3,7-bis(dimethylamino)phenothiazin-5-ium chloride dihydrate, C16H18N3S+·Cl−·2H2O (I) and 3,7-bis(dimethylamino)phenothiazinium bisulfite, C16H18N3S+·HSO4− (II), the cationic dye molecules are planar and disposed in an antiparallel mode, showing π–π stacking interactions, with mean interplanar distances of 3.326 (4) and 3.550 (3) Å in (I) and (II), respectively. In compound (I), whose phase was found affected by merohedral twinning [BASF = 0.185 (3)], the presence of water molecules allows a network of hydrogen bonds involving MB+ as both a donor and an acceptor, whereas in compound (II), the homo-interaction of the anions causes an effective absence of classical hydrogen-bond donors. This substantial difference has important consequences for the stacking geometry and supramolecular interactions of the MB+ cations, which are analysed by Hirshfeld fingerprint plots and subsequently discussed
Mild synthesis and structural characterization of a novel vanadyl selenite-hydrogen selenite phase, na[vo(Seo3)(hseo3)]·1,5h2o
No full textSingle crystals of Na[VO(SeO3)(HSeO3)]·1,5H2O have been prepared by solvent slow evaporation from an equimolar aqueous mixture of sodium selenite and vanadyl sulfate. The overall arrangement consists of VO6octahedra, [SeO3]2−and [HSeO3]−anions forming a strong backbone with channel-like voids, while sodium cations participate in the framework, ensuring the overall charge balance. The crystal packing of the material features channels with a star-shaped section showing a mean aperture of 6.10 Å with the oxygen atoms of the V=O moieties pointing towards the interior of the cavities. Their dimensions are the narrowest reported until now in vanadium selenite compounds. Disordered sodium cations with occupancy factor of 0.5 are found in the star-shaped section cavities together with disordered water molecules, interacting with each other via hydrogen bonds
Application of new rapid methodologies in sensory and consumer science to accelerate the strawberry breeding
No full textLa produzione globale di fragole ha raggiunto 9,36 milioni di tonnellate nel 2021, con l'Asia come principale produttore (4,48 milioni di tonnellate), seguita dalle Americhe (2,22 milioni di tonnellate), dall'Europa (1,76 milioni di tonnellate), dall'Africa (827,21 mila tonnellate) e dall'Oceania (59,72 mila tonnellate). Negli ultimi anni, le preferenze dei consumatori sono cambiate, passando dalla sola quantità alla priorità per la qualità sensoriale e nutrizionale. I principali fattori di attrazione per i consumatori ora includono colore, aroma e gusto. In questo contesto, l'analisi sensoriale emerge come uno strumento fondamentale per comprendere le esigenze dei consumatori, particolarmente durante le prime fasi di selezione dei materiali avanzati di breeding delle fragole.
Questo studio si concentra sullo sviluppo di un lessico sensoriale multilingue per le fragole per future ricerche e sull'implementazione di metodologie sensoriali rapide come Check-All-That-Apply (CATA) e Rate-All-That-Apply (RATA) come alternative efficienti ai metodi sensoriali tradizionali basati su panel addestrati. L'analisi CATA nel breeding delle fragole ha identificato i cultivar più allineati con il prodotto ideale per il consumatore e, attraverso l'analisi delle penalità, ha evidenziato gli attributi visivi e gustativi critici che impattano negativamente sull'accettabilità complessiva e, d'altra parte, quelli che hanno un impatto positivo. I risultati della RATA hanno rivelato distinti driver di gradimento per gli attributi di gusto e visivi: il sapore di fragola, la dolcezza, la succosità e l'aroma erano i principali determinanti dell'accettabilità, mentre la luminosità, la forma regolare e l'omogeneità erano i principali tratti visivi.
Questi risultati forniscono un lessico sensoriale multilingue da utilizzare in futuri studi sensoriali sulle fragole. Inoltre, questo studio sottolinea l'importanza della valutazione sensoriale nei programmi di breeding e convalida l'uso delle metodologie CATA e RATA come strumenti efficaci per ottimizzare il processo di selezione nelle fasi avanzate del breeding delle fragole, garantendo risultati robusti e affidabili.Global strawberry production reached 9.36 million tonnes in 2021, with Asia as the leading producer (4.48 million tonnes), followed by the Americas (2.22 million tonnes), Europe (1.76 million tonnes), Africa (827.21
thousand tonnes), and Oceania (59.72 thousand tonnes). In recent years, consumer preferences have shifted
from focusing solely on quantity to prioritizing sensory and nutritional quality. Key drivers of consumer
attraction now include colour, aroma, and taste. In this context, sensory analysis emerges as a vital tool for
understanding consumer needs, particularly during the early stages of selecting advanced strawberry
breeding materials.
This study focuses on developing a multilingual strawberry sensory lexicon for future research and
implementing rapid sensory methodologies Check-All-That-Apply (CATA) and Rate-All-That-Apply (RATA) as
efficient alternatives to traditional sensory methods based on trained panels.
CATA analysis in strawberry breeding identified cultivars most aligned with the ideal consumer product and,
through penalty analysis, highlighted critical visual and taste attributes that negatively impact overall
acceptability and on the other hand those giving a positive impact. RATA findings revealed distinct drivers of
liking for taste and visual attributes: strawberry flavour, sweetness, juiciness, and aroma were the main
determinants of acceptability, while brightness, regular shape, and homogeneity were key visual traits.
These results provide a multilingual strawberry lexicon to be used in future strawberry sensory studies.
Furthermore, this study underlines the importance of sensory evaluation in breeding programs and validates
the use of CATA and RATA methodologies as effective tools for optimizing the selection process in the
advanced stages of strawberry breeding, ensuring robust and reliable outcomes
Water Structures and Packing Efficiency in Methylene Blue Cyanometallate Salts
No full textAbstract: Crystal structure prediction is the holy grail of crystal engineering and is key to its ambition of driving the formation of solids based on the selection of their molecular constituents. However, this noble quest is hampered by the limited predictability of the incorporation of solvent molecules, first and foremost the ubiquitous water. In this context, we herein report the structure of four methylene blue cyanometallate phases, where anions with various shapes and charges influence the packing motif and lead to the formation of differently hydrated structures. Importantly, water molecules are observed to play various roles as isolated fillings, dimers, or an infinite network with up to 13 water molecules per repeating unit. Each crystal structure has been determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction and evaluated with the aid of Hirshfeld surface analysis, focussing on the role of water molecules and the hierarchy of different classes of interactions in the overall supramolecular landscape of the crystals. Finally, the collected pieces of evidence are matched together to highlight the leading role of MB stacking and to derive an explanation for the observed hydration diversity based on the structural role of water molecules in the crystal architecture
Who is the author of the 1876 Stefano manuscript?
No full textFor over one hundred years the Stefano manuscript was a private document in the possession of the Baccich family and descendants. It told a story of the 1875 Stefano shipwreck as narrated by the shipwreck survivor and the founding family patriarch Miho Baccich. In these circumstances the question of authorship of the manuscript was immaterial and did not arise as an issue. However, with the publication of the manuscript the author‟s name, or names, need to be formally attributed to it. It turns out that this is not such a clear-cut matter.
As we shall see, all informed sources attributed the authorship, and the ownership, of the manuscript to Miho Baccich. But the manuscript itself was written by Canon Stjepan Skurla – a priest from Miho‟s hometown of Dubrovnik. The question then arises: should Skurla also be considered as an author of the manuscript, or, even as the sole author (as some would have it)
The Efficacy of Insulin Degludec in Children and Adolescents with Type 1 Diabetes
No full textInsulin degludec (IDeg; Tresibaw) is a novel basal insulin with an ultra-long, flat and stable action profile. In adults, it provides a more consistent glucose-lowering effect and
lower rates of hypoglycaemia than glargine (IGlar). Data on children and adolescents are scarce
Efficacy and safety of insulin degludec in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes
No full textObjectives: Degludec (IDeg; Tresiba®) is a novel basal insulin with an ultra-long, flat and stable action profile. In adults, it was demonstrated to provide more glucose-lowering effects and lower rates of hypoglycemia respect to glargine (IGlar). To date studies on childhoods ́ IDeg use are scarce. Aim of this study
was to assess the efficacy and the safety of IDeg in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes (T1DM) previously treated with IGlar.
Methods: Twenty children and adolescents with T1DM (15.1 4.0 yrs; 9 males; 7 prepubertal; T1DM duration 7.2 3.7 yrs; IGlar treatment at least 1 year) were recruited in the study and shifted to IDeg once daily. Anthropometric (BMI-SDS), metabolic [HbA1c, FPG, and severe hypoglycaemia rates], and insulin dose [IGlar or IDeg plus short-acting or regular] were collected at baseline (T0, during IGlar treatment), 3 months (T1), and 6 months (T2) after IDeg was started. Data were analysed according to pubertal status.
Results: BMI-SDS did not change on IDeg both in prepubertal and in pubertal patients. Despite HbA1c values were not significantly improved during IDeg treatment (ΔHbA1c T0-T1 -0.3%, p = 0.1; T0-T2 -0.1%, p = 0.6), FPG was significantly decreased at T1 (−18.6 34.1 mg/dl, p = 0.05). No episode of severe hypoglycaemia was reported on IDeg. We found a significant reduction in doses of both basal insulin (IGlar vs. IDeg: 21.8 8.9 vs. 19.4 7.8 IU/day, p = 0.003) and short-acting or regular mealtime insulin (T0 vs. T2 0.56 0.13 vs. 0.50 0.15 IU/kg/day, p = 0.02).
Conclusions: In our patients, IDeg seems effective to improve the glycemic control reducing FPG even at lower basal insulin doses compared to IGlar. Moreover, it allowed the reduction of the dose of mealtime insulin. No episode of acute complication was reported suggesting how IDeg may be consider safe also in childhood
Structural motifs in heteroleptic copper and cadmium selenites
No full textCu(II) cations in the presence of diamine ligands such as tetramethylethylendiamine (TMEDA) react with Na2SeO3 to produce the heteroleptic selenite copper compound of formula [Cu3(TMEDA)3(SeO3)2(H2O)4](NO3)2. In the cationic moiety two copper atoms are linked by two selenite anions through the O-Se-O bridge. One of the two bridging selenite anion coordinates to a third copper atom through the third oxygen atom. Reaction of Cd(CH3COO)2·2H2O with Na2SeO3 in the presence of ligand with softer character such as thiourea [(NH2)2CS; tu] or selenourea [(NH2)2CSe; tu] in aqueous solution afforded the complex [(Cd(tu)2SeO3)2], whose structure has been elucidated by X-ray diffraction analysis. It is the first reported example of a molecular cadmium selenite complex. Two cadmium cations stabilized by the coordination of four ancillary thiourea soft ligands, are linked together by two bridging selenite ions through O and O-Se-O bridges. A comparison between the coordination mode of the selenite ion in those cadmium and copper complexes and in inorganic extended CdSeO3 and hydrated CuSeO3 phases is also reported
Fashion Culture: Power In Fashion with Stefano Tonchi and Grazia d'Annunzio
No full textStefano Tonchi, global chief creative officer for L’Officiel Group, and Grazia d’Annunzio, former deputy director of Vogue Italia, discuss the power of military uniforms and their influence on high fashion. Tonchi is co-author of the book "Uniform: Order and Disorder.
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