1,720,956 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Prisoner's attitudes and cognition about Hepatitis C
No full textHepatitis je upala jetre koja dovodi do uništenja ili oštećenja jetrenih stanica, a može biti akutna ili kronična. Hepatitis C virus je najčešći uzročnik razvoja kronične bolesti jetre u svijetu, a zbog asimptomatskog tijeka ova bolest nerijetko prelazi u kroničnu. Osnovni ciljevi liječenja HCV-a su sprječavanje eradikacije i progresije virusne infekcije. Uvođenje adekvatnih preventivnih mjera i edukacija šire populacije su preduvjeti za suzbijanje zaraze, stoga se naglašava važnost kontinuiranog provođenja edukativnih programa, posebice u zatvorskim sustavima, gdje je HCV čest slučaj među zatvorenicima. Glavni prijenosni put HCV infekcije je perkutano izlaganjem zaraženoj krvi; nakon transfuzije krvi i krvnih derivata od inficiranog davatelja krvi ili nakon uporabe kontaminiranog pribora kod intravenske primjene droga. U istraživanju je sudjelovalo ukupno 139 sudionika, od čega je 6 otpalo zbog nevjerodostojnog pristupanja ispunjavanju anketnog upitnika, a provođenje istraživanja je odobreno od strane Ministarstva pravosuđa i uprave. Dobiveni rezultati obrađeni su u programu SPSS, verzija 26.0 (2018, IBM Corp., Armonk, N.Y., USA). Cilj provedbe ovog istraživanja je analizirati i utvrditi postojeća znanja i stavove zatvorenika o hepatitis C virusnoj infekciji. Nadalje, ispituje se postoji li statistički značajna razlika među ispitanicima u odnosu dob, radni status i stupanj obrazovanja. Konačni cilj je dobivenim rezultatima osvijestiti javnost i ukazati na važnost provođenja standardiziranih javnozdravstvenih programa, te na taj način pristupiti zatvorenicima i educirati ih tijekom služenja kazne u svrhu promjene negativnih zdravstvenih ponašanja i poboljšanja kvalitete života
The Prevalence Of HCV And Related Risk Factors In Drug-Addicted Prisoners In The Prisons In Glina And Lepoglava: Cross-sectional Research
No full textUvod: Virus hepatitisa C (HCV) vodeći je uzrok kronične bolesti jetre, ciroze i hepatocelularnog karcinoma, kao i najčešća indikacija za transplantaciju jetre u mnogim zemljama. Iako se incidencija infekcije hepatitisom C dramatično smanjila tijekom proteklog desetljeća, infekcija HCV-om među zatvorenicima, posebno onima koji su ovisnici o drogama i dalje predstavlja javno zdravstveni problem.
Cilj: Cilj rada je prikazati prevalenciju hepatitisa C (ili HCV infekcije) i čimbenika rizika kod zatvorenika ovisnika o drogama u Kaznionici u Glini i Lepoglavi.
Metode: Provedeno je presječno istraživanje. Ispitanici su bili zatvorenici ovisnici o drogama iz Kaznionice u Glini Lepoglavi. Podaci su prikupljeni anonimnim anketnim upitnikom koji se sastojao od pet dijelova. Prvi dio anketnog upitnika odnosi se na sociodemografske podatke, drugi na korištenje droga, treći na injektiranje droga, četvrti na iskustvo liječenja od ovisnosti o drogama i peti na povijest cijepljenja protiv hepatitisa B i izloženost te testiranju na hepatitis C.
Rezultati: Od ukupno 160 zatvorenika, ovisnika o drogama iz dvije kaznene ustanove u Republici Hrvatskoj istraživanju se odazvalo 100 ispitanika (stopa odgovora 62,5%), od kojih je 52 iz Kaznionice u Glini te 48 iz Kaznionice u Lepoglavi. Od ukupnog broja 25% sudionika je tijekom života imalo ili trenutno ima pozitivan hepatitis C status te se pretpostavlja kako je prevalencija ovisnika o drogama oboljelih od hepatitisa C unutar zatvorskog sustava obuhvaćenog istraživanjem 25%.
Postoji povezanost između sudjelovanja u edukaciji o hepatitisu C i korištenja sterilnih igla kod posljednjeg injektiranja droga (χ2 = 4,640, p < 0,05). Nema značajne povezanosti između dobi prvog korištenja droga (injektiranja) i hepatitis C statusa
(χ2 = 0,396, p > 0.05).
Ne postoji povezanost između hepatitis C statusa i korištenja sterilnih igla kod posljednjeg injektiranja droga (χ2 = 2,048, p > 0,05).
Utvrđeno je da postoji povezanost između hepatitis C statusa i načina konzumiranja droga (χ2 = 5,431, p < 0,05). Uočena je povezanosti između uključenosti
u program liječenja sa svrhom odvikavanja od ovisnosti o drogama i korištenja sterilnih igla kod posljednjeg injektiranja droga (χ2 = 8,606, p < 0,01).
Zaključak: Analizom dobivenih rezultata utvrđeno je kako je prevalencija ovisnika o drogama oboljelih od hepatitisa C unutar istraženog zatvorskog sustava 25% te kako edukacija prije boravka u zatvoru predstavlja važnu ulogu za korištenje sterilnog pribora za injektiranje. Nema značajne povezanosti između dobi prvog korištenja droga injektiranjem i oboljenja od hepatitisa C, kao ni navike korištenja sterilnih igala za injektiranje kod posljednjeg injektiranja droga prije boravka u zatvoru. Postoji povezanost između hepatitis C statusa i načina konzumiranja droga te uključenost u program liječenje sa svrhom odvikavanja od ovisnosti o drogama i korištenja sterilnog pribora kod posljednjeg injektiranja prije boravka u zatvoru.Introduction: Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is the leading cause of chronic liver disease, cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma, as well as the most common indication for liver transplantation in many countries. Although the incidence of hepatitis C infection has decreased dramatically over the past decade, HCV infection among prisoners, especially those who are drug addicts, continues to pose a public health problem.
Aim: The aim of this study is to show the prevalence of hepatitis C (or HCV infection) and risk factors in drug addict prisoners in the Penitentiary in Glina and Lepoglava.
Methods: Cross-sectional research was conducted. The subjects were drug-addicted prisoners from the Lepoglava Penitentiary in Glina. The data was collected through an anonymous survey questionnaire consisting of five parts. The first part of the questionnaire refers to sociodemographic data, the second to drug use, the third to drug injection, the fourth to the experience of treatment for drug addiction and the fifth to the history of hepatitis B vaccination and exposure and testing for hepatitis C.
Results: Out of a total of 160 inmates, drug addicts from two penal institutions in the Republic of Croatia, 100 respondents (response rate 62.5%), of which 52 were from the Penitentiary in Glina and 48 from the Lepoglava Penitentiary. Of the total number of participants, 25% of participants had or currently have positive hepatitis C status during their lifetime, and it is assumed that the prevalence of drug addicts with hepatitis C within the prison system covered by the survey 25%.
There is an association between participation in hepatitis C education and the use of sterile needles in the last drug injection (χ2 = 4,640, p 0.05).
There is no association between hepatitis C status and the use of sterile needles in the last drug injection (χ2 = 2.048, p > 0.05).
It was found that there is an association between hepatitis C status and drug use (χ2 = 5.431, p < 0.05). There was an association between involvement in a treatment program for the purpose of drug addiction and the use of sterile needles in the last injection of drugs (χ2 = 8.606, p < 0.01).
Conclusion: Analysis of the obtained results showed that the prevalence of drug addicts suffering from hepatitis C within the investigated prison system is 25% and that education before staying in prison represents an important role for the use of sterile injection kits. There is no significant correlation between the age of first drug use by injection and hepatitis C, nor the habit of using sterile needles for injection in the last drug injection before being in prison. There is an association between hepatitis C status and drug use and involvement in a treatment program for the purpose of drug addiction rehab and the use of sterile utensils at the last injection before being in prison
The Prevalence Of HCV And Related Risk Factors In Drug-Addicted Prisoners In The Prisons In Glina And Lepoglava: Cross-sectional Research
No full textUvod: Virus hepatitisa C (HCV) vodeći je uzrok kronične bolesti jetre, ciroze i hepatocelularnog karcinoma, kao i najčešća indikacija za transplantaciju jetre u mnogim zemljama. Iako se incidencija infekcije hepatitisom C dramatično smanjila tijekom proteklog desetljeća, infekcija HCV-om među zatvorenicima, posebno onima koji su ovisnici o drogama i dalje predstavlja javno zdravstveni problem.
Cilj: Cilj rada je prikazati prevalenciju hepatitisa C (ili HCV infekcije) i čimbenika rizika kod zatvorenika ovisnika o drogama u Kaznionici u Glini i Lepoglavi.
Metode: Provedeno je presječno istraživanje. Ispitanici su bili zatvorenici ovisnici o drogama iz Kaznionice u Glini Lepoglavi. Podaci su prikupljeni anonimnim anketnim upitnikom koji se sastojao od pet dijelova. Prvi dio anketnog upitnika odnosi se na sociodemografske podatke, drugi na korištenje droga, treći na injektiranje droga, četvrti na iskustvo liječenja od ovisnosti o drogama i peti na povijest cijepljenja protiv hepatitisa B i izloženost te testiranju na hepatitis C.
Rezultati: Od ukupno 160 zatvorenika, ovisnika o drogama iz dvije kaznene ustanove u Republici Hrvatskoj istraživanju se odazvalo 100 ispitanika (stopa odgovora 62,5%), od kojih je 52 iz Kaznionice u Glini te 48 iz Kaznionice u Lepoglavi. Od ukupnog broja 25% sudionika je tijekom života imalo ili trenutno ima pozitivan hepatitis C status te se pretpostavlja kako je prevalencija ovisnika o drogama oboljelih od hepatitisa C unutar zatvorskog sustava obuhvaćenog istraživanjem 25%.
Postoji povezanost između sudjelovanja u edukaciji o hepatitisu C i korištenja sterilnih igla kod posljednjeg injektiranja droga (χ2 = 4,640, p < 0,05). Nema značajne povezanosti između dobi prvog korištenja droga (injektiranja) i hepatitis C statusa
(χ2 = 0,396, p > 0.05).
Ne postoji povezanost između hepatitis C statusa i korištenja sterilnih igla kod posljednjeg injektiranja droga (χ2 = 2,048, p > 0,05).
Utvrđeno je da postoji povezanost između hepatitis C statusa i načina konzumiranja droga (χ2 = 5,431, p < 0,05). Uočena je povezanosti između uključenosti
u program liječenja sa svrhom odvikavanja od ovisnosti o drogama i korištenja sterilnih igla kod posljednjeg injektiranja droga (χ2 = 8,606, p < 0,01).
Zaključak: Analizom dobivenih rezultata utvrđeno je kako je prevalencija ovisnika o drogama oboljelih od hepatitisa C unutar istraženog zatvorskog sustava 25% te kako edukacija prije boravka u zatvoru predstavlja važnu ulogu za korištenje sterilnog pribora za injektiranje. Nema značajne povezanosti između dobi prvog korištenja droga injektiranjem i oboljenja od hepatitisa C, kao ni navike korištenja sterilnih igala za injektiranje kod posljednjeg injektiranja droga prije boravka u zatvoru. Postoji povezanost između hepatitis C statusa i načina konzumiranja droga te uključenost u program liječenje sa svrhom odvikavanja od ovisnosti o drogama i korištenja sterilnog pribora kod posljednjeg injektiranja prije boravka u zatvoru.Introduction: Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is the leading cause of chronic liver disease, cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma, as well as the most common indication for liver transplantation in many countries. Although the incidence of hepatitis C infection has decreased dramatically over the past decade, HCV infection among prisoners, especially those who are drug addicts, continues to pose a public health problem.
Aim: The aim of this study is to show the prevalence of hepatitis C (or HCV infection) and risk factors in drug addict prisoners in the Penitentiary in Glina and Lepoglava.
Methods: Cross-sectional research was conducted. The subjects were drug-addicted prisoners from the Lepoglava Penitentiary in Glina. The data was collected through an anonymous survey questionnaire consisting of five parts. The first part of the questionnaire refers to sociodemographic data, the second to drug use, the third to drug injection, the fourth to the experience of treatment for drug addiction and the fifth to the history of hepatitis B vaccination and exposure and testing for hepatitis C.
Results: Out of a total of 160 inmates, drug addicts from two penal institutions in the Republic of Croatia, 100 respondents (response rate 62.5%), of which 52 were from the Penitentiary in Glina and 48 from the Lepoglava Penitentiary. Of the total number of participants, 25% of participants had or currently have positive hepatitis C status during their lifetime, and it is assumed that the prevalence of drug addicts with hepatitis C within the prison system covered by the survey 25%.
There is an association between participation in hepatitis C education and the use of sterile needles in the last drug injection (χ2 = 4,640, p 0.05).
There is no association between hepatitis C status and the use of sterile needles in the last drug injection (χ2 = 2.048, p > 0.05).
It was found that there is an association between hepatitis C status and drug use (χ2 = 5.431, p < 0.05). There was an association between involvement in a treatment program for the purpose of drug addiction and the use of sterile needles in the last injection of drugs (χ2 = 8.606, p < 0.01).
Conclusion: Analysis of the obtained results showed that the prevalence of drug addicts suffering from hepatitis C within the investigated prison system is 25% and that education before staying in prison represents an important role for the use of sterile injection kits. There is no significant correlation between the age of first drug use by injection and hepatitis C, nor the habit of using sterile needles for injection in the last drug injection before being in prison. There is an association between hepatitis C status and drug use and involvement in a treatment program for the purpose of drug addiction rehab and the use of sterile utensils at the last injection before being in prison
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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