1,720,964 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Nanotechnology-based Strategies To Enhance Chemo-and Radiation Therapy In Breast Cancer
Full text linkA major cause of cancer treatment failure is multidrug resistance (MDR) and radioresistance to standard therapies. Overexpression of ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transport proteins by cancer cells, which actively transport anti-cancer agents (e.g. doxorubicin, Dox) out of the cells against concentration gradients, is a major barrier to effective chemotherapy. Low levels of oxygen in tumors are responsible for radioresistance contributing to the failure of radiation therapy (RT) of solid tumors. This thesis concerns the development and evaluation of three nanoparticle delivery systems for overcoming tumor resistance to chemo- and radiotherapy. System 1: polymer lipid hybrid nanoparticles (PLN), co-loaded with a synergistic combination of anticancer agents Dox and mitomycin C (MMC) (DMsPLN), were found to overcome multiple membrane efflux pumps mediated MDR in vitro. Systemic administration of DMsPLN significantly enhanced therapeutic efficacy in orthotopic tumor models of Dox-sensitive and resistant human breast cancer cells, with low systemic toxicity compared to a clinically used liposomal formulation of Dox. System 2: cyclic Arg-Gly-Asp (RGD), a ligand that binds with αvβ3 intergin receptors preferentially expressed in angiogenic tumor blood vessels and certain cancer cells, was conjugated to DMsPLN. The Integrin-targeted RGD-DMsPLN resulted in a significant reduction in lung metastases of human breast cancer cells without producing drug-associated systemic toxicity as observed in mice treated with free Dox-MMC solutions. System 3: Manganese dioxide nanoparticles (MnO2 NPs) were developed and the reactivity of MnO2 towards peroxides was utilized to regulate the tumor microenvironment in a murine breast tumor. Intratumoral administration of MnO2 NPs simultaneously increased tumor oxygenation by 45%, and tumor pH from pH 6.7 to pH 7.2 by reacting with endogenous H2O2 produced within the tumor. Combination treatment of the tumors with NPs and ionizing radiation significantly inhibited breast tumor growth, increased DNA double strand breaks and cancer cell death as compared to RT alone. The design and application of these three novel nanotechnology platforms, in pharmaceutically acceptable NP formulations, provide promising therapeutic strategies for enhanced chemo- and radiation therapy of breast cancer.Ph.D.2016-11-30 00:00:0
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Nanotechnology-based Strategies To Enhance Chemo-and Radiation Therapy In Breast Cancer
No full textA major cause of cancer treatment failure is multidrug resistance (MDR) and radioresistance to standard therapies. Overexpression of ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transport proteins by cancer cells, which actively transport anti-cancer agents (e.g. doxorubicin, Dox) out of the cells against concentration gradients, is a major barrier to effective chemotherapy. Low levels of oxygen in tumors are responsible for radioresistance contributing to the failure of radiation therapy (RT) of solid tumors. This thesis concerns the development and evaluation of three nanoparticle delivery systems for overcoming tumor resistance to chemo- and radiotherapy. System 1: polymer lipid hybrid nanoparticles (PLN), co-loaded with a synergistic combination of anticancer agents Dox and mitomycin C (MMC) (DMsPLN), were found to overcome multiple membrane efflux pumps mediated MDR in vitro. Systemic administration of DMsPLN significantly enhanced therapeutic efficacy in orthotopic tumor models of Dox-sensitive and resistant human breast cancer cells, with low systemic toxicity compared to a clinically used liposomal formulation of Dox. System 2: cyclic Arg-Gly-Asp (RGD), a ligand that binds with αvβ3 intergin receptors preferentially expressed in angiogenic tumor blood vessels and certain cancer cells, was conjugated to DMsPLN. The Integrin-targeted RGD-DMsPLN resulted in a significant reduction in lung metastases of human breast cancer cells without producing drug-associated systemic toxicity as observed in mice treated with free Dox-MMC solutions. System 3: Manganese dioxide nanoparticles (MnO2 NPs) were developed and the reactivity of MnO2 towards peroxides was utilized to regulate the tumor microenvironment in a murine breast tumor. Intratumoral administration of MnO2 NPs simultaneously increased tumor oxygenation by 45%, and tumor pH from pH 6.7 to pH 7.2 by reacting with endogenous H2O2 produced within the tumor. Combination treatment of the tumors with NPs and ionizing radiation significantly inhibited breast tumor growth, increased DNA double strand breaks and cancer cell death as compared to RT alone. The design and application of these three novel nanotechnology platforms, in pharmaceutically acceptable NP formulations, provide promising therapeutic strategies for enhanced chemo- and radiation therapy of breast cancer.Ph.D.2016-11-30 00:00:0
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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