1,720,954 research outputs found
EATING HABITS OF THE NOBILITY IN THE LATE MIDDLE AGES
Get PDFPoznavanje prehranjevalnih navad predstavlja eno izmed zelo pomembnih okoliščin za razumevanje in preučevanje posameznih zgodovinskih obdobij. Posebej zanimivo obdobje prehranjevanja je predstavljal srednji vek, katerega so zaznamovale spremembe prehranjevalnih navad plemstva kot tudi novi in drugačni pogledi na prehrano. Polno obložene mize s prehrano, ki je bila večinoma sestavljena iz maščob in drugih visokokaloričnih sestavin, so zamenjale sicer še vedno zelo obložene mize, na katerih pa se je proti koncu srednjega veka znašla nekoliko bolj zdrava in kvalitetnejša prehrana. Vsekakor se je na krožnikih plemstva ves čas pojavljalo meso, razlika se je pokazala le v načinu priprave te priviligerane jedi. Poleg prehrane je pomembno sestavino vsakega obeda predstavljalo tudi vino, tako rdeče kot belo, ki se je pilo v velikih količinah. V obdobju poznega srednjega veka so ljudje vedno bolj pisali kuharske knjige, s katerimi so si služabniki pomagali pri pripravi jedi za svoje gospode. Poleg spremembe v prehrani pa so se začela pojavljati tudi določena pravila obnašanja pri mizi in pa pravila, povezana z načinom prehranjevanja. O vseh značilnostih prehrane in načinih prehranjevanja je pisal tudi oglejski kancler Paolo Santonino, ki nam je s svojimi zapiski podal podobo prehranjevanja ob koncu 15. stoletja.Knowing the eating habits represents one of the most important circumstances for understanding and studying individual historical periods. A particularly interesting dietary period was the Middle Ages, marked by changes in eating habits of the nobility and a different view on nutrition. At the end of the Middle Ages, tables fully coated with food, mostly composed of fat and other highly caloric ingredients were replaced by still very well coated tables, with somewhat healthier and higher quality food. Certainly, meat appeared on the plates of the nobles at all times, however, there was a difference in preparation of this privileged dish. In addition to food, wine – red as well as white, represented an important ingredient of each meal, and was consumed in large quantities. During the Late Middle Ages people were writing more and more cookbooks which helped the servants prepare appropriate meals for their lords. Next to the dietary changes, certain rules of behaviour at the dinner table, and rules considering nutrition started appearing. All the dietary characteristics and types of nutrition of the time considered were also written down by an Aquileia Chancellor Paolo Santonino, whose notes provided an image of nutrition at the end of the 15th century
Some Sociological Aspects of Social perception of Rape in Postmodern Society
Get PDFKo slišimo besede, kot so spolno nasilje, spolna zloraba ali posilstvo, imamo svoje predstave in svoja dojemanja glede teh grozovitih dejanj. V teoretičnem delu našega diplomskega dela smo se osredotočili na pojem in problematiko posilstva. Posilstvo predstavlja akutno obliko spolne zlorabe, katerega so lahko deležne tako ženske, moški, starostniki kot tudi otroci. V družbi se pojavlja že več stoletij, a vsako obdobje ima nanj drugačen pogled, družba nanj tudi različno reagira. V teku stoletij so se tako pojavili določeni miti o posilstvu, ki so se globoko zasidrali v mišljenje človeške družbe. V diplomskem delu smo izpostavili tudi nekatere vidike, in sicer psihološki, zdravstveni, pravni, sociološki in feministični vidik. Vsak izmed teh ponuja opredelitev tega akutnega dejanja in razlaga njegove vzroke in posledice. Skozi naše delo smo ves čas izpostavljali predvsem žrtve posilstva, katerih število se med državami precej razlikuje. Na delež vplivajo različni dejavniki, ki so v tisti državi oz. tistem okolju prisotni. Vsak posameznik, ki doživi posilstvo, pa se na svoj način sooča tudi s posledicami, ki jih posilstvo prinaša. Te posledice se pri žrtvah lahko razlikujejo glede na spol, starost ali okolje, od koder žrtev izhaja, a kljub temu so psihološke posledice tiste, ki so, neodvisno od okolja, spola ali starosti, prisotne pri slehernem zlorabljenem posamezniku. Te posledice in samo obravnavo posilstva pa rešujejo organizacije, tako državne kot nevladne, ki smo jih v zadnjem poglavju tudi opredelili. V empiričnem delu smo s pomočjo anketnih vprašalnikov dobili vpogled v stališča in ocene posameznikov o posilstvu in nekatera njihova stališča analizirali glede na spol, starostno skupino, kraj bivanja ali izobrazbo. Pri preverjanju hipotez v zadnjem delu empiričnega dela smo strnili vse ugotovitve, ki smo jih pridobili med pisanjem diplomskega dela. Diplomsko delo nam tako daje vpogled v problematiko kaznivega dejanja posilstva, vpogled v stališča anketirancev in pokaže nam odnos Slovencev do posilstva v postmoderni družbi.When we hear words like sexual violence, sexual abuse or rape, each of us has our own idea and cognition of these horrible acts. In theoretical part of our thesis we focused on the concept and the issue of rape. Rape represents an acute form of sexual abuse, which can happen to women, men, elderly, as well as kids. It is appearing for centuries in societies, and each era has a different view and reactions towards it. Various myths about rape occurred during centuries and they profoundly altered the mentality of human society. We emphasised some of the theoretical aspects in our thesis: psychological, medical, legal, sociological, and feministic. All of them provide the definition of this acute action, and explain its causes and consequences. Through our thesis we emphasized the number of rape victims, which varies between countries. The proportion of rapes varies depending on different factors present in the specific country or area. Each individual who experiences rape confronts the consequences it brings differently. The consequences can be distinguished depending on gender, age and environment from which the individual comes from. However, psychological consequences appear with each abused individual, independently of individual’s environment, gender or age. There are certain organisations dealing with consequences and coping with criminal act of rape. They can be governmental or non-governmental organisations, which we defined in the last chapter of our thesis. In empirical part we gathered opinions and assessments of individuals about rape, which they provided in the questionnaires. We analysed some of the opinions considering gender, age groups, place of residence or the level of education. While testing our hypothesis we summarised the findings we gained while writing the thesis. The thesis provides an insight to the problem of criminal act of rape, and to opinions of interviewees which shows us the attitude of Slovenes towards rape in postmodern society
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
- …
