1,720,987 research outputs found
An integrated social-cognitive model for predicting exercise compliance among patients with a cardiac diagnosis
No full textThe aim of the present study was to determine whether Maddux’s (1993) integrated social
cognitive model of health behaviour could predict compliance and intention to exercise
among patients with a cardiac diagnosis. Forty-one participants (29 male and 12 female—
mean age of 63 SD ±9 .81 years) with documented cardiac disease enrolled in an 18-week,
supervised walking-based exercise programme. Participants completed scales (e.g.,
intention, self-efficacy, barrier efficacy, outcome expectancy, outcome value and perceived
social norm) related to Maddux’s model at the beginning of the programme (phase I) and
again at weeks six (phase II) and twelve (phase III). In addition, compliance behaviour
was assessed through daily attendance and exercise energy expenditure measures—via
Metabolic Equivalents (MET) calculations (ACSM guidelines, 1995).
Insofar as exercise behaviour is concerned, results showed that during phase I barrier
efficacy and intention frequency were significant predictors of attendance behaviour
(adjusted R2 = .26) and outcome expectancy added an additional 14.3%. Intention
frequency predicted energy expenditure (adjusted R2 = .19) and outcome value contributed
an additional 10%. Results also showed that during phase II intention frequency and time
significantly predicted attendance behaviour (adjusted R2 = .38). Intention frequency and
time also predicted energy expenditure (phase II, adjusted R2 = .26). For phase III
attendance was significantly predicted by barrier efficacy and intention frequency (adjusted
R2 = .56).
Insofar as intention is concerned, results showed that self-efficacy and outcome expectancy
significantly predicted intention intensity in phase I (adjusted R2 = .43) whereas selfefficacy
alone predicted intention intensity in phase II (adjusted R2 = .25). In phase III
self-efficacy and outcome value significantly predicted intention intensity (adjusted R2 =
.43).
Using Baron and Kenny’s (1986) suggestion for testing mediation results showed no
evidence to support the notion that intention might mediate relations between self-efficacy
and exercise behaviour. In addition, a significant difference was found between compliers
versus dropouts on the social-cognitive variables at phase I. Specifically those participants
that dropped out of the programme had higher outcome expectancy (i.e., vulnerability and
severity towards current behaviour) than compliers. Finally, a cross lag correlation design
showed that the direction of relations was strongest for exercise behaviour leading to the
social-cognitive variables. These results, taken in concert, provide partial support for
Maddux’s model. Recommendations for future research are discussed
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
The use of smartphones to influence lifestyle changes in overweight and obese youth with congenital heart disease: a single-arm study
No full textAbstract Background Both obesity and congenital heart disease (CHD) are risk factors for the long-term cardiovascular health of children and adolescents. The addition of smart mobile technology to conventional lifestyle counseling for weight management offers great potential to appeal to technologically literate youth and can address a large geographical area with minimal burden to participants. This pilot study seeks to examine the influence of a 1-year lifestyle intervention on nutrition and physical activity-related health outcomes in overweight or obese children and adolescents with CHD. Methods This is a pilot and feasibility study which utilizes a single-arm, prospective design with a goal to recruit 40 overweight and obese patients. The feasibility metrics will evaluate the integrity of the study protocol, data collection and questionnaires, recruitment and consent, and acceptability of the intervention protocol and primary outcome measures. The primary clinical outcome metrics are anthropometry, body composition, and cardiorespiratory exercise capacity. The secondary clinical metrics include quality of life, nutrition and physical activity behavior, lung and muscle function, and cardio-metabolic risk factors. Outcomes are assessed at baseline, 6 months, and 1 year. To date, a total of 36 children and youth (11 girls), aged 7–17 years (mean = 14.4 years), have commenced the intervention. Recruitment for the study was initiated in June 2012 and is currently ongoing. Discussion The information provided in this paper is intended to help researchers and health professionals with the development and evaluation of similar lifestyle intervention programs. Since the application of smartphones to pediatric cardiac health and obesity management is a novel approach, and continued research in this area is warranted, this paper may serve as a foundation for further exploration of this health frontier and inform the development of a broader strategy for obesity management in pediatric cardiology. Trial registration This pilot study was retrospectively registered at the www.ClinicalTrials.gov registry as NCT02980393 in November 2016, with the study commencing in May 2012. Study protocol version 15OCT2014
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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