1,721,217 research outputs found
Pranav Kumar ∗∗
No full textof authors and do not necessarily in any way reflects the opinion/views of supporting organisations an
Infectious pathogens, pathogenesis, antimicrobial therapy, antimicrobial resistance, and surveillance measures
No full textAntimicrobials are drugs produced by microbes or natural substances such as antibodies, or those produced through synthetic route, that cause the inhibition of microbial growth or kill the microbes at a lower concentration. A significant public health problem that healthcare providers face from dawn to dusk is antibiotic resistance. The mechanisms of antibacterial include inhibition of cell wall synthesis or leakage of cell membranes, inhibition of protein synthesis, or interference with DNA function or intermediary metabolism, and causing misreading of mRNA to affect the permeability. Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a worldwide public health challenge. A sound understanding of the pathogens, modes of transmission, pathogenic picture, clinical manifestations, and the emergence of resistance are necessary for the formulation of strategies to address it. The nature of different microbes such as bacteria, fungus, protozoa, and viruses are described with a note on the resistant mechanisms. To address the AMR, several surveillance measures and awareness programs are launched in India. Even though it is a difficult task to reach the broader population, technological advancements in diagnosis, practical implementation, and monitoring the treatment outcomes have reached greater heights in the mitigation of AMR
sj-docx-1-wmr-10.1177_0734242X231219627 – Supplemental material for Predicting opinion using deep learning: From burning to sustainable management of organic waste in Indian State of Punjab
No full textSupplemental material, sj-docx-1-wmr-10.1177_0734242X231219627 for Predicting opinion using deep learning: From burning to sustainable management of organic waste in Indian State of Punjab by Amandeep Singh, Rupasi Tiwari, Pardeep Singh Nagra, Pratikshya Panda, Gurpreet Kour, Bilawal Singh, Pranav Kumar and Triveni Dutt in Waste Management & Research</p
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Static and Dynamic Electron Microscopy Investigations at the Atomic and Ultrafast Scales
No full textUniversity of Minnesota Ph.D. dissertation. May 2016. Major: Material Science and Engineering. Advisor: David Flannigan. 1 computer file (PDF); xxiv, 178 pages.Advancements in the electron microscopy capabilities – aberration-corrected imaging, monochromatic spectroscopy, direct-electron detectors – have enabled routine visualization of atomic-scale processes with millisecond temporal resolutions in this decade. This, combined with progress in the transmission electron microscopy (TEM) specimen holder technology and nanofabrication techniques, allows comprehensive experiments on a wide range of materials in various phases via in situ methods. The development of ultrafast (sub-nanosecond) time-resolved TEM with ultrafast electron microscopy (UEM) has further pushed the envelope of in situ TEM to sub-nanosecond temporal resolution while maintaining sub-nanometer spatial resolution. A plethora of materials phenomena – including electron-phonon coupling, phonon transport, first-order phase transitions, bond rotation, plasmon dynamics, melting, and dopant atoms arrangement – are not yet clearly understood and could be benefitted with the current in situ TEM capabilities having atomic-level and ultrafast precision. Better understanding of these phenomena and intrinsic material dynamics (e.g. how phonons propagate in a material, what time-scales are involved in a first-order phase transition, how fast a material melts, where dopant atoms sit in a crystal) in new-generation and technologically important materials (e.g. two-dimensional layered materials, semiconductor and magnetic devices, rare-earth-element-free permanent magnets, unconventional superconductors) could bring a paradigm shift in their electronic, structural, magnetic, thermal and optical applications. Present research efforts, employing cutting-edge static and dynamic in situ electron microscopy resources at the University of Minnesota, are directed towards understanding the atomic-scale crystallographic structural transition and phonon transport in an iron-pnictide parent compound LaFeAsO, studying the mechanical stability of fast moving hard-drive heads in heat-assisted magnetic recording (HAMR) technology, exploring the possibility of ductile ceramics in magnesium oxide (MgO) nanomaterials, and revealing the atomic-structure of newly discovered rare-earth-element-free iron nitride (FeN) magnetic materials. Via atomic-resolution imaging and electron diffraction coupled with in situ TEM cooling on LaFeAsO, it was found that additional effects not related to the structural transition, namely dynamical scattering and electron channeling, can give signatures reminiscent of those typically associated with the symmetry change. UEM studies on LaFeAsO revealed direct, real-space imaging of the emergence and evolution of acoustic phonons and resolved dispersion behavior during propagation and scattering. Via UEM bright-field imaging, megahertz vibrational frequencies were observed upon laser-illumination in TEM specimens made out of HAMR devices which could be detrimental to their long-term thermal and structural reliability. Compression testing of 100-350 nm single-crystal MgO nanocubes shows size-dependent stresses and engineering strains of 4-13.8 GPa and 0.046-0.221 respectively at the first signs of yield accompanied by an absence of brittle fracture, which is a significant increase in plasticity of a brittle ceramic material. Atomic-scale characterization of FeN phases show that it is possible to detect interstitial locations of low atomic-number nitrogen atoms in iron crystal and hints at a development of novel routes (without involving rare-earth elements) for bulk permanent magnet synthesis.Suri, Pranav Kumar. (2016). Static and Dynamic Electron Microscopy Investigations at the Atomic and Ultrafast Scales. Retrieved from the University Digital Conservancy, https://hdl.handle.net/11299/182214
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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