179,405 research outputs found
IISc-DIO
No full textData and codes used in 'Pramod, R. T., & Arun, S. P. (2016). Do computational models differ systematically from human object perception?. In Proceedings of the IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (pp. 1601-1609)
IISc-DIO
No full textData and codes used in 'Pramod, R. T., & Arun, S. P. (2016). Do computational models differ systematically from human object perception?. In Proceedings of the IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (pp. 1601-1609)
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
No full textWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
William R. and Erlyn J. Gould Distinguished Lecture on Technology and the Quality of Life: "Engineering for the 21st Century: a perspective from the National Science Foundation," given by Dr. Pramod Khargonekar.
No full textPoster created in the Marriott Library to publicize the 22nd Annual William R. and Erlyn J. Gould Distinguished Lecture on Technology and the Quality of Life, featuring Dr. Pramod Khargonekar speaking on "Engineering for the 21st Century: a perspective from the National Science Foundation." Lecture given on November 10, 2015, at noon in the library\u27s Gould Auditorium
"Closing the R&D Gap, Evaluating the Sources of R&D Spending"
No full textBoth spending and tax policies have been implemented in the United States with the goal of stimulating private sector research and development (R&D). Karier questions whether current R&D policy, especially the research and experimentation tax credit, can contribute to closing the gap between nondefense expenditures on R&D in the United States and such expenditures in other countries, such as Japan and Germany. He also explores possible changes to our current R&D policy to make it more effective.
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
No full textThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Letter from R. R. Zellick, Assistant Trust Officer, Anglo California National Bank of San Francisco, to Joseph R. Goodman, October 2, 1942
No full textLetter from R. R. Zellick, Assistant Trust Officer at The Anglo California National Bank of San Francisco, to Joseph R. Goodman, regarding property owned by Dave Tatsuno. Zellick mentions a dispute between current tenants and Tatsuno, and that Tatsuno has asked Goodman to help locate trustworthy tenants.Personal correspondence, organizational records, government documents, publications, and other papers created or collected by Joseph R. Goodman documenting the forced removal and incarceration of Japanese Americans during World War II, as well as organized resistance to incarceration. Included in the collection are records of the Japanese Young Men's Christian Association and the Japanese American Citizens' League in San Francisco, including papers of the Japanese YMCA's executive secretary Lincoln Kanai; Sakai family papers; Goodman's correspondence to and from Japanese American incarcerees, organizations opposing forced removal and incarceration of Japanese Americans, the War Relocation Authority, and others; publications, photographs, and ephemera from the Topaz Relocation Center, where Goodman taught high school; War Relocation Authority records and publications; and newspaper clippings, pamphlets, and reports about forced removal and incarceration created by various government, religious, and civic organizations, in California and nationwide
Compositionality of Object Representations in Brains and Machines
No full textCompositionality in object vision can be defined as the principles governing the
relationship between whole objects and their constituent attributes. It is known that object
information falling on the retina is processed in a hierarchy of cortical regions starting from
simple edge-detectors in the primary visual cortex to complex shape representations in the
higher visual cortex, yet we still do not understand how whole objects are represented in terms
of their attributes. With recent advances in computer vision, we have, for the first time in
history, a very good machine vision system in the form of convolutional neural networks. How
do these systems compare with human vision? We argue that understanding vision in the brain
and making machines see the way we do form two sides of the same coin – understanding one
will give us insights into the other. With this in mind, the goal of my thesis is twofold – to
study compositionality in object representations in the brain; and to compare compositionality
in brains and machines with the goal of improving machine vision.
I will present results from a series of studies where we investigate object representations
in brains and machines. In the first set of studies, we investigated whether whole object
responses in perception and in single neurons could be understood in terms of their parts. The
main findings are: (1) Object attributes combine linearly in visual search (Pramod & Arun,
2016); (2) Although symmetry is a salient holistic property, responses to symmetric objects are
also explained as a sum of their parts as were asymmetric objects (Pramod & Arun, 2018).
Taken together these findings confirm the compositionality of object representations in
perception and in high-level visual cortex.
In the second set of studies, we compared the compositionality of object representations
in brains and machines. The main findings are: (1) Object representations in virtually all
computer vision models (including deep neural networks) deviate systematically from human
perception (Pramod & Arun, 2016); (2) Symmetric objects are more salient in perception than
in deep neural networks, and fixing this bias leads to significant improvements in object
detection performance; and finally, (3) we show that under-sampling of the periphery in the
biological retina is computationally optimal for object recognition in natural scenes, pointing
to dissociable roles for object and context. Taken together, these findings show that machine
vision can be understood and improved by studying biological vision
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
No full textWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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