1,720,997 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Dynamics of continuous improvement processes : Maintaining the performance cycle
No full textLa recherche présentée dans cette thèse de doctorat a pour but d'enrichir l’ensemble des connaissances sur les études de pérennité, en comblant l'écart entre sa définition et son utilisation dans un contexte d'amélioration continue. Cette thèse aborde les questions liées à la pérennisation des démarches d'amélioration continue : quelles sont les raisons qui expliquent les difficultés à la mise en œuvre d’une pérennisation ? en quoi une nouvelle interprétation du terme pérennité peut aider à la pérennisation des démarches d’amélioration continue ? quels sont les éléments qui, caractérisent cette définition ? et quel modèle de référence de maturité pouvons-nous proposer ?Une analyse bibliographique et l'utilisation de la méthodologie PRISMA ont été utilisées pour identifier les interprétations de la pérennité qui ont été catégorisées à l'aide de différentes dimensions. Avec les résultats d'une recherche exploratoire, cette thèse identifie également un groupe de seize éléments ayant le potentiel de caractériser cette pérennisation. Une enquête d'auto-évaluation a été conçue pour évaluer ces éléments, en tenant compte de leur déploiement au sein d'un cycle d'amélioration reprenant le cycle PDCA.Les résultats montrent que la pérennité elle-même présente une série de paradoxes. En particulier lorsqu'elle s’applique à un contexte d'amélioration continue, dans lequel une définition dynamique est nécessaire. Cette thèse montre également comment les éléments identifiés sont perçus, et plus particulièrement quel est leur impact sur la pérennité. Il est ainsi possible d’identifier deux grands groupes d’éléments : ceux qui ont un caractère plus technique et ceux qui ont une interaction humaine plus perceptible. De même, l’étude de la façon avec laquelle ces éléments sont déployés dans les entreprises, permet d’observer clairement que les étapes Check et Act de leur mise en œuvre en entreprise sont les étapes les moins développées.L'un des apports les plus importants dans cette thèse est la manière dont le déploiement des éléments favorisant la pérennisation des démarches d'amélioration continue peut-être abordé au sein des entreprises. Pour ce faire, la conception d'un modèle de positionnement, basé sur la maturité, est proposé. Il permet aux entreprises d'évaluer le degré de maturité de leurs initiatives d'amélioration et de cibler les éléments sur lesquels apporter une vigilance particulière.The research presented in this PhD thesis has as purpose to enrich the body of knowledge over the studies of sustainability, by filling the gap between its definition and its use within a continuous improvements framework. This thesis addresses, the issues associated with the sustainability of continuous improvement programs, the possible reasoning behind that hurdle, a new interpretation of the term sustainability, the identification of the elements that could characterize this definition, and the presentation of a maturity-benchmark model formulated from the results of a self-assessment survey.A literature review and the PRISMA methodology were used to identify sustainability interpretations that were categorized using different dimensions. With results from an exploratory research, this thesis also identifies a group of sixteen elements with the potentiality to characterize this sustainability. A self-assessment survey was designed to evaluate such elements, by taking into account their deployment within an enhancement cycle in the form of PDCA. The findings show that in fact, sustainability itself has a series of paradoxes, especially when transitioning it on a continuous improvement framework, in which it becomes a dynamic definition.Also, this thesis demonstrates how the elements identified are perceived, from the impact on sustainability in which two large groups can be identified, those that are inclined to a more technical character and those that have a more noticeable human interaction, and the way they are deployed in companies, where can be clearly seen, the fact that the stages Check and Act are less developed.One of the most important contributions in this thesis is the way in which the deployment of elements favouring the sustainability of continuous improvement approaches can be approached within companies. To do this, the design of a positioning model, based on maturity, is proposed. It enables companies to assess the degree of maturity of their improvement initiatives and target areas that need particular vigilance
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
How to optimize an organization system (ISO Standards) by the Lean Management methods
No full textLes travaux présentés dans ce mémoire de thèse portent sur une démarche de fusion entre le Lean Management et la mise en oeuvre d’une certification de type ISO. Nous avons qualifié cette démarche de « Lean Normalisation ». Elle propose une nouvelle façon d'aborder la mise en oeuvre des normes ISO dans une entreprise, avec six étapes inspirées des principaux concepts du Lean Management.Après un état de l’art présentant l’ISO, son historique et les diverses versions normatives, nous proposons une analyse des différentes approches et définitions du Lean Management. Cette analyse repose sur une étude bibliographique abondante du domaine depuis plusieurs années.L’étude bibliographique couplée ISO/Lean nous a permis d’identifier la problématique suivante :les tentatives de fusion entre ces deux approches n’émergent pas sur une proposition de modélisation mettant en synergie l’ISO et le Lean Management. Nous proposons, de ce fait, une approche novatrice que nous avons qualifiée de « Lean Normalisation ».Cette approche se déroule en six étapes : le Muda Documentaire, le Juste Documentaire, la Conception du Processus d’Amélioration Continue, la Qualité Exigible, le Management Visuel, et l’Animation du Système de Management de la Qualité. La mise en oeuvre de cette approche s’appuie sur une démarche projet constituée de dix jalons.Suite à l’application de notre approche dans différentes entreprises, et après avoir fait le constat de l’inefficacité des audits de certification classiques, nous ouvrons de nouveaux horizons en proposant une vision différente de l'audit fondée sur le Stress Test Organisationnel.The research presented in this PhD thesis looks at an approach which attempts to merge Lean Management and the implementation of ISO-type certification. This method, that we have called "Lean Normalization", proposes a new way of approaching the implementation of ISO standards in a company, using six steps inspired from Lean Management concepts.Once a state of the art of ISO, its history and the different normative versions have been presented, we then analyze the different approaches and definitions of Lean Management.The bibliographic study of both ISO and Lean methods has enabled us to identify the following problem: the attempts to merge ISO and Lean do not lead to any type of formal modelling. We therefore propose an innovative approach which we call "Lean Normalization".This approach is composed of the following six steps: Documentary Muda, Right Documents,Design of the Process of Continuous Improvement, Due Quality, Visual Management and Animation of the Quality Management System. The application of our approach in companies has enabled us to highlight the ineffectiveness of conventional audit. Therefore, in the last chapter, we propose a different vision of an audit based on the Organizational Stress Test
Recherche et adaptation d'expériences structurées, imprécises et incomplètes : Application en configuration expert
No full textDispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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