54 research outputs found
Zechariah 9-14 as the substructure of 1 Peter’s eschatological program
No full textThe principal aim of this study is to discern what has shaped the author of 1 Peter to regard Christian suffering as a necessary (1.6) and to-be-expected (4.12) component of faithful allegiance to Jesus Christ. Most research regarding suffering in 1 Peter has limited the scope of inquiry to two particular aspects—its cause and nature, and the strategies that the author of 1 Peter employs in order to enable his addressees to respond in faithfulness. There remains, however, the need for a comprehensive explanation for the source that has generated 1 Peter’s theology of Christian suffering. If Jesus truly is the Christ, God’s chosen redemptive agent who has come to restore God’s people, then how can it be that Christian suffering is a necessary part of discipleship after his coming, death and resurrection? What led the author of 1 Peter to such a startling conclusion, which seems to runs against the grain of the eschatological hopes and expectations of Jewish restoration ideology?
This thesis analyzes the appropriation of shepherd and fiery trials imagery,
and argues that the author of 1 Peter is dependent upon Zechariah 9-14 for his
theology of Christian suffering. Said in another way, the eschatological program of
Zechariah 9-14, read through the lens of the Gospel, functions as the substructure
for 1 Peter’s eschatology and thus its theology of Christian suffering.
In support of this hypothesis, this study highlights the fact that Zechariah 9-
14 was available and appropriated in early Christianity, in particular in the Passion
Narrative tradition; that the shepherd imagery of 1 Pet 2.25 is best understood
within the milieu of the Passion Narrative tradition, and that it alludes to the
eschatological program of Zechariah 9-14; that the fiery trials imagery found in 1
Peter 1.6-7 and 1 Pet 4.12 is distinct from that which we find in Greco-Roman and OT
wisdom sources, and that it shares exclusive parallels with some unique features of
the eschatological program of Zechariah 9-14; that Zechariah 9-14 offers a more
satisfying explanation for the modification of Isa 11.2 in 1 Pet 4.14, the transition
from 4.12-19 to 5.1-4, why Peter has oriented his letter with the term διασπορά,
and why he has described his addresses as οἶκος τοῦ θεοῦ; and finally that 1 Peter
contains an implicit foundational narrative that shares distinct parallels with the
eschatological program of Zechariah 9-14.
We can conclude that 1 Peter offers a unique vista into the way in which at
least one early Christian witness came to understand and to communicate the fact
that Christian suffering was a necessary feature of faithful allegiance to Jesus Christ
Key Themes in Zechariah 1-8
No full textThe discussion of key themes or the message of Zechariah 1-8 is neglected in commentaries that were published during the past five years. This article focuses on this neglected part of Zechariah research and investigates the following key themes: YHWH’s divine presence and the rebuilding of the temple in Zion; The lordship and sovereignty of YHWH; Sin and punishment/judgment; Turn to YHWH (repentance) and obedience; YHWH’s return, grace, love and forgiveness; Realized eschatology and future hope; Israel and the nations; and Leadership. One cannot really say that there are any unique themes in Zechariah 1-8 or that the author/s had one central theme in mind. There are many similarities with other books in the OT, especially the post-exilic prophetic books. However, we must acknowledge that Zechariah 1-8 places more emphasis on certain themes and discusses them in a unique way
Climbing the Lampstand-Witness-Trees: Revelation's Use of Zechariah 4 in Light of Speech Act Theory
No full textAbstractThis article traces John's use of Zechariah 4 through its most likely first century perceptions in conjunction with the implicit ecclesial audience of Revelation. After placing the Apocalypse amid the atmosphere of Second Temple Judaism in the Roman Empire, it provides conjecture as to the theological implications of these speech acts on the Church of Revelation. These findings are then used to piece together the illocutionary force of John's use of Zechariah 4 and the resulting perlocution, which together comprise an essential element of the pneumatology that John supports in Revelation. When interpreting through such a lens, one ought to ask not only who the Spirit is but how this biblical author anticipated his audience to act in response to this document and to the Holy Spirit.
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Early Jewish textual culture and the New Testament : the reuse of Zechariah 1-8 in the book of Revelation
No full textThe text of the book of Revelation preserves examples of scriptural reuse that cohere with similar patterns of borrowing in other ancient Jewish works. This thesis describes the processes of reuse employed by Revelation’s notional author (John), and places them into conversation with modes of reuse employed in other ancient Jewish texts, using Zechariah 1-8 as a test case. The design of the study has been crafted to explore these examples in a manner consistent with ancient textual composition.
In the first chapter, I examine a dominant aspect of Jewish and early Christian textual culture: pluriformity. I argue that a pluriform scriptural tradition (in both Hebrew and Greek) was a controlling force that shaped the processes of scriptural reuse and, in turn, composition in this period. This analysis also delimits the possible forms of Zechariah available to ancient readers.
With textual pluriformity in mind, the next chapter examines the text of Zech 1-8 preserved in John’s scriptural references (Rev 5.6; 6.1-8, 9-11; 7.1; 11.4; 19.11-16). While this analysis is complicated by the author’s presentation of reused material in Revelation, the evidence strongly suggests that John was familiar with a Hebrew form of Zechariah.
Once John’s preferred form of Zechariah is identified, the third chapter describes his techniques of reuse. This portion of the thesis consists of a catalogue and discussion of the differences in graphic representation between segments of Zech 1-8 and their instantiation in Revelation. This examination builds a set of textual data that accesses John’s processes and strategies of reading.
The fourth section of the thesis explores John’s habits of reading as witnessed in his techniques of reuse. This section identifies features of Zech 1-8 that motivated John to engage with and alter the wording of antecedent material. Not every textual difference can be accounted for in this way, but it is evident that John is cognisant of the features of a particular form of Zech 1-8. Many of the differences between source and reuse can be explained as John’s attempt to comprehend ambiguities in Zechariah.
The final section of the thesis is a comparative analysis. The results of the preceding examinations of Revelation are compared to instances of the reuse of Zechariah in early Jewish literature, including works in the Hebrew Bible, the ancient versions of Zechariah, Dead Sea Scrolls, and works commonly classified as “deutero-canonical.” This analysis grounds previous observations about John’s reuse in their native textual culture and acts as an historical control. The evidence suggests that John’s modes of reading, reformulation, and reuse are similar to those found in other early Jewish works.
The thesis concludes that scriptural reuse in the book of Revelation cannot be understood apart from the realities of textual pluriformity and the practices of scriptural reuse in Jewish antiquity. This approach suggests that John is a “scribal” expert—a careful reader of his scriptural tradition—and that his modes of reuse are conditioned by the textual culture of this period
Textual pluriformity and allusion in the book of Revelation : the text of Zechariah 4 in the Apocalypse
No full textThe book of Revelation relentlessly alludes to Jewish scripture. Linguistic
and thematic material from these works is enmeshed throughout the entirety
of the Apocalypse. The gravid biblicism of this work and its manifest reuse
of scrip-tural traditions raises a foundational question that is often overlooked
in current scholarly discourse: to which form(s) of scriptural works did John
allude?¹ This article examines this fundamental question using John’s
references to Zech 4 as samples. The identification of the Vorlage(n) of John’s
allusions is an open ques-tion which remains debated in current scholarship.
Where this question is dis-cussed, its importance is often underplayed² and,
on occasion, flawed textual assumptions are operative.³ An in-depth analysis
of the Vorlagen of allusions in Revelation based on textual criteria remains a desideratum as no consensus on
this issue has arisen.⁴ The goal of this discussion is to examine the textual evidence
internal to the book of Revelation in order to determine the form of Zech 4
to which the author alluded.
The textual evidence from the Judean Desert suggests that multiple textual
exemplars of certain books of the Hebrew Bible and its early Greek versions (OG/
LXX) circulated concurrently in Jewish and early Christian communities in the
first century CE. Despite the profundity of this evidence, the question of textual
form is often dismissed as unnecessary by many sectors of current scholarship.⁵
However, this concern is essential to any exploration of John’s interpretation
of scripture or the rhetoric of allusion in the book of Revelation. This article
addresses this lacuna in current scholarship, bringing the question of Vorlage to
the fore and indicating its critical importance. Quantitative constraints preclude
a full study of references to Zechariah in Revelation – two test cases are examined
here. There exists no serious scholarly challenge to the assertion that the
primary source material for John’s “seven spirits” (1,4; 3,1; 4,5; 5,6) and the “two
witnesses” (11,1–13) is Zech 4.⁶ This study aims to identify the particular form of
Zechariah that underlies these allusions and suggests areas of enquiry for which
this data is critical.http://www.reference-global.com/loi/zntw2016-01-31hb201
Land, metal, and community : a depositional analysis of Iron age iron objects in Britain
No full textHingley (2006) indicates it is the specific contexts for iron object depositions which are of primary concern to their depositors. This will be tested further within this research. Here it will be argued, deposits of iron objects include both those which are routine and part of daily praxes, and others which are manufactured, carefully being used as social conversations for place-making. The social and technical aspects of the chaîne opératoire of iron objects will be explored and the relationship this may have to deposition, fully considered. The exploration for the motivations behind place-making will consider both the social and technical biographies of place or space and iron objects within. As a practising blacksmith, the author will add commentary to the performativity of craftsperson(s) producing iron and manufacturing objects.Deposition represent people’s connection to both social phenomena and routine practicalities as they move from place to place and engage in daily and ritual activity (Chadwick, 2012, 2014). Chadwick (2014) also suggests the meaning of demarcation through deposition or construction can never be fully understood by people of the present. Despite this, direct correlations between space, place, and practiced activity often with specific objects, like those of iron, may be observed in Iron Age and Roman Britain (Haselgrove and Hingley, 2006; Bradley, 2016; Rippon, 2018; Wilkinson, 2019; Bland et al., 2020). This research will further identify regional patterns in the depositional tradition of iron objects in non-burial contexts and seek further expand on what is known of deposition in Iron Age Britain
Land, metal, and community : a depositional analysis of Iron age iron objects in Britain
No full textHingley (2006) indicates it is the specific contexts for iron object depositions which are of primary concern to their depositors. This will be tested further within this research. Here it will be argued, deposits of iron objects include both those which are routine and part of daily praxes, and others which are manufactured, carefully being used as social conversations for place-making. The social and technical aspects of the chaîne opératoire of iron objects will be explored and the relationship this may have to deposition, fully considered. The exploration for the motivations behind place-making will consider both the social and technical biographies of place or space and iron objects within. As a practising blacksmith, the author will add commentary to the performativity of craftsperson(s) producing iron and manufacturing objects.Deposition represent people’s connection to both social phenomena and routine practicalities as they move from place to place and engage in daily and ritual activity (Chadwick, 2012, 2014). Chadwick (2014) also suggests the meaning of demarcation through deposition or construction can never be fully understood by people of the present. Despite this, direct correlations between space, place, and practiced activity often with specific objects, like those of iron, may be observed in Iron Age and Roman Britain (Haselgrove and Hingley, 2006; Bradley, 2016; Rippon, 2018; Wilkinson, 2019; Bland et al., 2020). This research will further identify regional patterns in the depositional tradition of iron objects in non-burial contexts and seek further expand on what is known of deposition in Iron Age Britain
A Study of Sun Devil Athletics’ Men’s Basketball with Information Related to Travel Partnership
No full textabstract: We created a sufficient database that can be used by the SDA for extensive analysis as well as a starting foundation for further development. The design of the database revolved around the men’s basketball team and includes data for conferences, teams, players, and the historic schedule of teams past performances. This design can be used as a template for future sports that would like to be added to the database. The queries we ran that tested the functionality of the database show the utility and accessibility that is possible with the data currently in the database. The visuals included assist our examples by exhibiting how the results gathered by the queries can be transformed into figures that may be more visually appealing than the raw data. We came up with example questions that could be potential questions the SDA may have regarding current and past performance statistics. We expect that as a continuation of this project, the SDA will be able to utilize it to their advantage to analyze and improve the performance levels of other teams
The Sin: Satan’s Revenge?
No full textIt is commonly known that the Bible does not contain systematic hamartiology or satanology.Also the Biblical demonology depends on the historical development and the influence of neighbouring countries’ relig-ions.This article’s aim is to analyse the etymology and meaning of the con-cept of satan in the most popular texts directly referring to the figure of Satan (Book of Job 6 and Book of Zechariah 3).The author tried to confront fragments from the Job and Zechariah with the texts that were (re)interpreted satanologically in the intertestamental period and by early Christian theology (Isaiah 14,12-14 and Ezekiel 28,12-15) and also with the narration contained in Genesis 3, which is considered the key text concerning the so-called „fall” of man in the Christian theology. The analysis was completed by references to intertestamental texts.A text that proved particularly helpful in the reconstruction of the aetiology of sin was Adam's Repentance, known under various titles thanks to its copies in various languages, which represents the so-called Adamite tradition in theology (hamartiology). A number of similarities between the syncretic Biblical hamartiology and Adam’s Repentance were shown (among others, the common nature of the first sin committed by Satan and the first sin committed by Adam and Eve in the Garden of Eden)
A GPU Accelerated Discontinuous Galerkin Conservative Level Set Method for Simulating Atomization
No full textabstract: This dissertation describes a process for interface capturing via an arbitrary-order, nearly quadrature free, discontinuous Galerkin (DG) scheme for the conservative level set method (Olsson et al., 2005, 2008). The DG numerical method is utilized to solve both advection and reinitialization, and executed on a refined level set grid (Herrmann, 2008) for effective use of processing power. Computation is executed in parallel utilizing both CPU and GPU architectures to make the method feasible at high order. Finally, a sparse data structure is implemented to take full advantage of parallelism on the GPU, where performance relies on well-managed memory operations.
With solution variables projected into a kth order polynomial basis, a k+1 order convergence rate is found for both advection and reinitialization tests using the method of manufactured solutions. Other standard test cases, such as Zalesak's disk and deformation of columns and spheres in periodic vortices are also performed, showing several orders of magnitude improvement over traditional WENO level set methods. These tests also show the impact of reinitialization, which often increases shape and volume errors as a result of level set scalar trapping by normal vectors calculated from the local level set field.
Accelerating advection via GPU hardware is found to provide a 30x speedup factor comparing a 2.0GHz Intel Xeon E5-2620 CPU in serial vs. a Nvidia Tesla K20 GPU, with speedup factors increasing with polynomial degree until shared memory is filled. A similar algorithm is implemented for reinitialization, which relies on heavier use of shared and global memory and as a result fills them more quickly and produces smaller speedups of 18x.Dissertation/ThesisDoctoral Dissertation Aerospace Engineering 201
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