1,721,005 research outputs found
High-performance materials and technological solutions to improve the thermal performance of historic buildings
Full text linkThe aim of the paper is to outline the state-of-the-art in the field of historic buildings' energy retrofit through high-performance materials or innovative solutions. The research question is to understand if the latter can be positively applied to historic building in terms of compatibility and can contribute to create tailor-made solutions, avoiding or mitigating critical issues from the preservation point of view. This required the evaluation of many publications including papers, handbooks, booklets, and guidance as well as research reports. The literature review was then summarized in two research fields for each building element: retrofit solutions and high-performance materials and solutions applied to historic buildings. The technical properties of these highly efficient materials and their possible uses in heritage buildings are shown through the comparison and the data analysis of some case studies. Starting from a general reasoning on retrofit solutions and the interactions between the various building components within a whole building energy retrofit project, the paper assesses how high-performance materials are or are not widespread, which kind of data is available and what is still missing
Built Cultural Heritage and Energy Efficiency. the Sicily Case: Pros and Cons of an Innovative Experience
Full text linkThe paper aims to present a study carried out within the Regional Operational Program - European Regional Development Fund 2014/2020 financing project for the efficiency improvement of 106 public heritage, owned by the Sicily Region. 38 case studies of this stock have been selected, having different uses (museum, library, office, etc.), typology and construction period, shifting from XI to XX century buildings. The sample heterogeneity gives in fact a large-scale overview on the Mediterranean heritage, allowing to assess the efficacy of energy policies (at Regional level) and to suggest feasible retrofit solutions for historic public buildings. Weak and strength points of each case are highlighted as from both an energy audit (based on bills and simulated energy performance data) and an on-field survey in a comparison. The inclusion of stakeholders' interviews in the walk-through investigation has clarified the efficacy of building and plants management. Finally, as tangible results, it is suggested to consider retrofit low-impact interventions accordingly to the building microclimate, as well as objects and users' needs, as a win-win strategy
Revealing an unknown museum and its collection using digital tools: The palazzo di giustizia in milan
Full text linkThe paper presents the generation of an interactive cataloging system for the Courthouse of Milan (Palazzo di Giustizia) and more than one hundred artworks stored in the building. The courthouse is an "unknown museum"in the city and represents a masterpiece of the architectural and figurative culture in the '30s. The online system developed in the project aims at solving a twofold task. First, it must present the "unknown museum"to citizens through a simple and effective online website. Second, it must serve as a repository for technical information not available to the public and only limited to the specialists in conservation. This second section includes catalog forms produced according to specific national standards for artworks, which require a variety of information such as size, material, artist, state of conservation, and description of previous restorations and interventions. The catalog, supported by the development of a preventive conservation plan, meets the need to identify all artworks and their conditions, planning interventions, and keeping a record of restoration activities
Experimental measurements on thermal transmittance of the opaque vertical walls in the historical buildings
No full textThis paper presents the results of an experimental research focused on the development of a method for evaluating energy performance of historical building. Regarding the thermal performance of the opaque envelope, the difficulties arise because of not having appropriate information about the most important parameters those affect the thermal transmittance (U-value) of the envelope components. The national laws propose standard data of U-value suitable for Italian context and particularly for new constructions. The laws consider only few historical constructive technologies and inappropriate wall thickness and also does not include the effect of the presence of humidity inside the component. In the present work, a series of experimental measurements have been carried out on the thermal transmittance, confronting different non-invasive techniques, historical analyses, geometric surveys, infrared technologies, heat flow-meter measurements and sonic trial. The method has been applied on several ancient walls made of stone, bricks and mixed materials. It has been observed that in case of masonries, the difference among the standard and measured U-values varies considerably (6 to 56%). Moreover, there are substantial differences (2 to 56%.) between calculated and measured U-values due to the presence of different thermal conductivity of bricks. Therefore, for the brick walls, it is not convenient to utilize the standard and calculated U-values because they overestimate excessively the thermal loses of opaque envelope. In case of stone walls, the difference varies considerably from 16 to 52%. However, as in the case of bricks, the measured values are better than the standard data. The differences among calculated and measured U-values vary from 22 to 58% (with 90% stone e 10% mortar) and from 13 to 54% (with 80% stone e 20% mortar). It has been also noted that the presence of internal air greatly affects the final U-value of the walls. This kind of measurements permit to calibrate better the effective thermal performance of ancient walls and to consider the influences of recurring elements. The data constitute a strong base for a correct energy diagnosis and performance in historical buildings, particularly for the evaluation of thermal transmission through the opaque envelope
INCLUSIVE CULTURAL HERITAGE SITES: ICT AS A TOOL TO SUPPORT THE DESIGN PROCESS AND SHARE KNOWLEDGE
Full text linkWithin the European strategies for a sustainable development, the role of cultural heritage as an economic, environmental and social driver has become increasingly significant. As an asset in people’s lives, it’s necessary to assure anyone the opportunity to access it. For this reason, urban transformation policies must guarantee the proper compromise between the requirements of conservation and physical/cognitive accessibility. This entails a clear design complexity, which however cannot justify the lack of intervention, but must propose new governance models for an inclusive design process.In a broader research framework, the implementation of ICT has turned out to be a solution that can address some issues in enhancing the level of inclusion in cultural heritage sites. Particularly, the conception of an interactive map has seemed the proper perspective of producing a feasible operative tool. The first aim is linked to the necessity of having an information system thank to which everyone, particularly users with special needs, could be able to organize their movements and be aware of the proposed services and fulfilled inclusive strategies. The second target is connected to the management of the projects related to the development of inclusion, therefore it is addressed to municipal administrators and other key actors involved in the governance of cultural heritage.Finally, the discussion about the main objectives and features of an interactive map wants to highlight the role that ICT can assume within an inclusive design approach, for which is needed a tool able to support the intervention on the physical environment and offer further essential services.</p
ON THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN GEOMATICS AND CONSERVATION: LESSONS LEARNED FROM INTEGRATED RESTORATION LABORATORIES
Full text linkThe paper aims at investigating results, research perspectives, and limitations emerging from the synergy between geomatics and conservation. Recent didactic experiences carried out in restoration laboratories at Politecnico di Milano are illustrated and discussed. The authors tested innovative techniques for surveying with particular attention to the conservation problem. The aim was to exploit novel 360° virtual/immersive environments able to collect and manage data traditionally useful for conservation projects such as thematic maps of historical building techniques, construction technologies, deterioration pathologies, and data from diagnostics. Results are presented for two case studies completely different in terms of shape, pathologies, and reuse: the Albergo Diurno di Porta Venezia in Piazza Oberdan, and the Church of San Vittore and the Forty Martyrs (both in Milan). The work carried out with students allowed one to evaluate the pros and cons of a novel 360° immersive solution. The outcomes suggest other possible uses in related activities. The last part of the paper reconsiders the proposed “renewed” relationship between geomatics and restoration. Starting from the basic requirements of existing regulations, the paper explores the research fields and practical applications that could benefit from an intersection of geomatics and restoration
Metodi di diagnosi energetica e proposte di intervento per il miglioramento prestazionale negli aggregati storici. L’esempio dei borghi Appenninici
No full textIl recupero e la riqualificazione delle zone colpite dal sisma può essere occasione per stimolare nel territorio un processo di rivitalizzazione, valorizzazione e parziale rifunzionalizzazione dei centri abitati minori. Il paper presenta i risultati di due studi condotti dal Centro Ricerche Architettura>Energia del Dipartimento di Architettura dell’Università di Ferrara, per supportare le Pubbliche Amministrazioni nei processi ricostruttivi in chiave sostenibile di contesti particolarmente complessi dal punto di vista ambientale, sociale, economico, abitativo e storico-culturale. Si tratta dell’insediamento del comune di Caporciano, appartenente all’area dell’aquilano colpita dal sisma del 2009 e oggi solo parzialmente abitato, e di Apice Vecchia, borgo situato nel beneventano, particolarmente compromesso dagli eventi sismici del 1962 e del 1980 che hanno indotto il trasferimento della popolazione in una città poco distante, di nuova fondazione.
La metodologia proposta prevede una prima fase di rilievo speditivo sul campo, in grado di semplificare le operazioni di acquisizione di una quantità di informazioni consistente e finalizzata all’ottenimento dei dati significativi per il successivo approfondimento sul comportamento energetico-ambientale dell’aggregato urbano. I dati vengono analizzati a posteriori per l’elaborazione dei parametri dimensionali utili ai fini energetici e di un repertorio delle tecnologie costruttive e dei materiali più diffusi, calcolando successivamente l’indice di prestazione energetica dell’involucro per la climatizzazione invernale ed estiva relativi allo stato attuale degli aggregati urbani.
Durante la seconda fase del processo viene elaborata la strategia di intervento finalizzata alla riqualificazione tecnologica ed energetica degli edifici in funzione delle prestazioni residue degli elementi tecnici, della destinazione d’uso, del valore testimoniale dei fabbricati e dei danni riportati a seguito degli eventi sismici. A titolo esemplificativo, gli scenari proposti nelle strategie di intervento vengono contestualizzati attraverso l’applicazione a casi studio (edifici specifici), utili per un’ulteriore verifica della procedura e delle ipotesi di riqualificazione e di rigenerazione del tessuto edilizio storico
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Removable textile devices to improve the energy efficiency of historic buildings
No full textThe paper aims to present innovative studies concerning removable devices for enhancing thermal performances or mitigating criticalities in listed buildings.The first concerns a “high tech” curtain studied for preventing air drafts from the windows, causing different forms of decay in the Sala delle Asse in Castello Sforzesco (Milano), world known for the Leonardo Da Vinci fresco. The second research deals with a new type of “arazzo” (removable and usable seasonally) to improve the insulation of the walls. The study case regards the collection of historic “arazzi” in Sala della Balla, in Castello Sforzesco as well.
The focus is to investigate how its main properties affect the thermal exchange with the air and the surfaces where they are applied. A third study case is a masterpiece of listed modern architecture, Casa del Fascio in Como, where the new uses require cooling with the addition of a shadowing system
- …
