1,720,968 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Intrinsic motivation of senior professionals in the business IT function: linking career anchors to a social cognitive framework
No full textThe intrinsic motivations of IT professionals play an important role in their work performance and personal ambitions. It follows that a greater understanding of these motivations would be of benefit to both the IT professionals and their organisations. The purpose of this research is to investigate factors that determine the intrinsic motivations of IT professionals and how to identify these motivations on an individual basis.
Twenty-nine senior professionals from the business IT function are interviewed in this study; ten in an exploratory pilot study and nineteen in the main study. One outcome from the pilot study is the need for a tool to assist in the consolidation of the interview data. This resulted in the development of a theoretically-based research instrument. A grounded theory approach is used to analyse the interview data, supported by a qualitative data analysis tool. The research instrument is used in the main study to consolidate the interview responses. A software application is developed to assist in the data entry, collation and visualisation of the research instrument data.
Established theory, in the form of career anchors and a social cognitive framework, is used to inform the development of a theoretical framework; the framework is operationalised through the data collection research instrument. The theory in its operationalised form is subsequently validated in a commercial setting.
This research demonstrates how a theory may be developed using existing theories as the building blocks for a theoretical framework and operationalised through a research instrument. The application of the theory assists in the identification of dynamic and durable intrinsic motivations at different career stages.
The theory presented adds to our understanding of intrinsic motivation and how it influences career decisions; this is not limited to intrinsic motivations of IT professionals. The research instrument is not limited to interviews; it can also be used in, for example, group settings, as is demonstrated during the validation process. The Intrinsic Motivation – Social Cognitive Framework theory has potential for further research in the areas of career stages and contexts other than intrinsic motivation. In its operationalised form, the validation process has demonstrated its usefulness in an organisational setting, giving a greater understanding of intrinsic motivation as it pertains to individual IT professionals and the perceptions of their employers about them
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Adoption of national electronic prescribing services in primary care in Europe - policy lessons for Ireland
No full textA growing body of evidence over the past twenty years suggests that electronic prescribing
(ePrescribing) can bring a host of benefits to the health sector, and some policy makers now
view ePrescribing as a desirable national service that can improve the safety, quality and
efficiency of healthcare. Consequently, national ePrescribing and electronic health record
(EHR) projects have been launched in many countries in recent years, but success is elusive as
ePrescribing in primary care is still unavailable in over 90% of countries worldwide. Progress
has been limited to a small number of countries, with a significant cluster in Europe.
Why is the adoption of ePrescribing and EHRs slow and uneven? What are the factors that
influence the development and adoption of ePrescribing? What are the building blocks for a
national ePrescribing service? What are the lessons from the leading countries? What are the
policy lessons for countries where national ePrescribing services are not yet developed?
This research addresses these questions. Qualitative methods were used, including a
comparative analysis of case studies in thirty one European countries and interviews with
national ePrescribing experts in the leading countries. A cross-domain comparison was
undertaken with a leading eGovernment service in Ireland - the Revenue On-Line Service
(ROS) – and interviews were held with national Revenue experts. The context, content and
process framework from Pettigrew and Whipp’s model of strategic change and Roger’s
diffusion of innovations model provide the conceptual frameworks for analysis and comparison.
The research found that ePrescribing services in primary care are now available on a national
basis in eleven countries in different regions of Europe. A model for national ePrescribing is
emerging over time, which includes local EHR integration, interoperability between prescribers
and pharmacists through a national ePrescription database, and a trend towards on-line patient
access to medication data using the Internet.
In many other European countries ePrescribing and in particular the electronic transmission of
prescriptions (ETP) is underdeveloped due to a range of organisational, legal, technical or other
barriers. In these countries, the absence of a developed national ETP service is the greatest
barrier to adoption. The adoption patterns of recent years suggest that a technical-legal
ePrescribing divide exists in Europe between the leading and the following countries.
The comparative analysis discovered that a strong inner context is the cornerstone of success in
the leading countries and ROS. A strong inner context can shape the outer context, develop
quality content and create a supportive process for adoption and diffusion. The findings suggest
that this can be achieved through a complex process of continuous stakeholder management.
Building blocks were also identified in the outer context in the legal and technological areas,
where the national health model in operation emerged as the key contextual factor. The quality
of the content was found to be a key adoption factor, including the interoperability, security and
usability of ePrescribing systems and ETP services.
The key critical success factor for the adoption of ePrescribing and ROS was found to be
stakeholder management in the adoption process over a long period. Supporting factors
included social marketing strategies, incremental implementation methods, quality user support
and the judicious management of consent, incentives and mandates.
The overall approach used by the leading countries emerges as a balance of central control and
direction from the inner context, coupled with widespread permanent stakeholder management
across the domain including the outer context and the private sector, leading to a complex
process of development and adoption over a long period. This equates to a combination of the
traditional top-down and bottom-up approaches, which Coiera has described as middle-out.
The findings in this research may contribute to policy in this area, Irish policy in particular
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Consistency checking of runtime feature dependencies in software product lines
No full textFeature dependency is a kind of feature interaction which can be observed in the features that realize the functionality of a software product, and particularly in the features of Software Product Lines (SPLs). In feature modelling for SPLs, common and variable features are organized both in terms of their structural dependencies (e.g., aggregation and specialization) and in terms of their configuration dependencies (e.g., excluded and required). These dependencies are essential but are not sufficient for developing reusable and adaptable SPL components. There are various other types of feature dependencies (e.g., runtime feature dependencies) that are responsible for implementing the behaviour of an end product. The aim of this research is to facilitate a software product line engineer to detect whether the latter types of feature dependencies have been implemented as specified and as intended.
This thesis proposes and evaluates a four-step technique for consistency checking of runtime feature dependencies in SPL artefacts. The four-step process uses a domain-specific language developed for specifying the product line assets (i.e., features, interdependencies among the features and the implementation source code). The proposed technique uses existing reverse engineering techniques to perform a code-to-model transformation. Aspect-oriented (AO) pattern detection algorithms were developed that implement the runtime feature dependencies. The simple detection of AO-patterns does not guarantee that the behaviour is implemented as intended. Model validation constraints are then applied to provide feature dependency related feedback to a product line engineer.
The key contributions of this thesis are: (i) the extension of previous work on the modularization of runtime feature dependencies, by providing a technique for consistency checking of runtime feature dependencies at various abstraction levels, (ii) the theoretical contribution in the form of a model-driven technique based on round-trip engineering (RTE), (iii) a plug-in based prototype realizing the proposed model-driven technique and (iv) a validation mechanism inspired by a technique called mutation testing which is applied using an existing product line case study
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