1,721,004 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
What Drives Uptake of a Performance Management Reform in Liberia’s Civil Service?
No full textBackground: Well managed public administrators are more productive. Yet, little empirical evidence exists on what constitutes effective employee management systems or how to implement these in low-income countries. This thesis provides novel evidence on the challenges of implementing a collaboration-focused performance management system (PMS) in a more controlling organisational culture, looking at Liberia's civil service.
Methods: The study first explored the impact of training with or without the offer of a monetary reward on PMS adoption, through a cluster randomised controlled trial that was implemented in 2017-2021. 437 bureaucratic units from 28 civil service institutions were randomly allocated to one of six treatment bundles or a control group and intention-to-treat analysis was used to assess treatment effects on adoption. Training was delivered in 2017-2019, either communicating the PMS as mandatory or highlighting its benefits to staff. The reward was linked to PMS use in 2018 and targeted either unit supervisors or all employees in a unit. The study then explored broader factors influencing adoption, using Liberia’s Ministry of Health (MOH) as a case study. 26 semi-structured interviews were conducted in March-April of 2022 with employees from MOH and seven other civil service institutions.
Results: There was no evidence of sustained impact on adoption from any of the training and incentives interventions. The findings from the case study highlighted a disconnect between the PMS design, how it was implemented and its fit in the Liberian context, which deterred adoption. Other factors affecting adoption included external shocks, the lack of reinforcement and limited benefits to using PMS.
Conclusion: The long-term experimental research and qualitative case study presented in this thesis offer a unique exploration into the implementation of PMS in a low-income bureaucracy. The results highlight the need for a wholesale approach to institutionalising new public reforms that address
contextual challenges
Too much of nothing: measuring, understanding and explaining the overprovision of healthcare in the Tanzanian private sector
Full text linkQuality of care is an issue for health systems worldwide. Overprovision, or healthcare for which the harms outweigh the benefits, is an aspect of quality often overlooked in low- and middle-income countries. As well as harming individual patients, overprovision represents a waste of resources and opportunity cost as countries work towards universal health coverage. Additionally, overprovision of antibiotics and antimalarials contributes to the development of antimicrobial resistance. There is particular concern that in the private sector, which is growing in many low- and middle-income countries, financial incentives may encourage providers to induce demand. I led the development of standardised patient cases of asthma, non-malarial febrile illness, tuberculosis and upper respiratory tract infection, that would allow overprovision to be studied. I used 909 standardised patient visits to measure overprovision in 227 private for-profit and not-for profit health facilities in Tanzania. I classified overprovision into three domains of harm: economic, public health and clinical. There was overprovision in 81.4% of visits, but no association between a facility being for-profit and overprovision (OR= 1.15, 95% CI: 0.66 – 2.03). In a randomised experiment, 86.0% of standardised patients who expressed knowledge that antibiotics were unnecessary received them, compared to 94.8% of those who did not (p=0.074). Providers who exerted more effort in the consultation, measured by history questions and physical exams, were more likely to provide correct care (RR=1.87, 95% CI: 1.47 – 2.38) and less likely to overprovide (RR=0.93, 95% CI: 0.88 – 0.98). My results suggest there is widespread overprovision in the Tanzanian private sector. In contrast with pre-study hypotheses, overprovision was not less common in not-for-profit facilities, and patients signalling knowledge of appropriate antibiotic use had no more than a modest effect on receiving them. In light of these findings, I discuss future avenues for research, policy implications and the range of reforms that could curb overprovision
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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