1,721,105 research outputs found
Biodynex : biology, dynamics, exploitation of the small pelagic fishes in the Java Sea
No full textFishing strategies and tactics are related to the knowledge fishermen have about environment, to the behavior of the fish and to the socio-economical factors which affect the fishery. The fishermen knowledge is applied to the strategy (time scale from the trips - less than one month up to one year), and to the tactics which is the way fish are caught (time scale, fishing operations). The strategy of the Javanese fishermen is highly correlated with the monsoons regime. The alternation of these seasons induces changes in the abundance of fish in the Java Sea. Fishermen choose their fishing areas according to the fluctuation of the abundance. Before 1992, the trip strategy was to choose one fishing ground and to spend all the fishing days in this zone. Since then, some technical changes have appeared. All fishing vessels are now equipped with radio and the strategy is to prospect two or three fishing zones during one trip. (D'après résumé d'auteur
Biodynex : biology, dynamics, exploitation of the small pelagic fishes in the Java Sea
No full textThis workshop was held, from the 23th to the 25th march in Jakarta. Scientists of the project, Indonesian institutions and ASEAN countries attented this workshop (see list of participants). Under the supervision of the experts invited, some particular aspects underscored during the seminar were studied. To achieve these tasks, basic data available at the project were used and four working groups, each coordinated by an expert, were formed. After two days of analysis, the conclusions of each group were discussed during a general meeting and recommendations were given. (Résumé d'auteur
Biodynex : biology, dynamics, exploitation of the small pelagic fishes in the Java Sea
No full textIn order to obtain the catch frequency lenght of the species caught by the purse seiners fleet a sampling scheme was set at two main landing places. The present article covers the data collected from December 1991 to December 1993.In the Java Sea, there is a spatial stratification of the fish population, the juveniles staying more inshore than the adults, while the evolution of the average length of the fish caught by the seiners increases from West to East, following a West-East axis. Due to different fishing tactics, the large seiners tend to catch bigger sized-fish than the medium one do. (Résumé d'auteur
Biodynex : biology, dynamics, exploitation of the small pelagic fishes in the Java Sea
No full textThis study is based on the catch and effort data, collected from different sources between 1976 and 1986. The composite model of Caddy and Garcia (1982), one of the models derived from the Schaefer and Fox model, was used to estimate the MSY (Maximum Sustainable Yield) and the optimum effort of the small pelagic resoures in the Java Sea. It seems that the current status of exploitation is near its maximal level. The fisheries exploit a lot of species with various ecological behaviors. Some, such as the coastal specie, are fully and heavily exploited while others, such as the coastal species, are fully and heavily exploited while others, such as the oceanic ones, are partially exploited. Thus it is difficult to give an accurate assessment. Other approaches (analytical models) would allow more precise results. This is why the statistical data collection as well as the biological and behavior study must be continued. Since 1976 the catch of small pelagic increases continuously, in 1985 it reaches 150 000 tons. During this period the CPUE fluctuates a lot. (Résumé d'auteur
2. - Un enjeu majeur du XXIème siècle : la gestion des ressources en eau partagée, source de conflit ou de paix
No full textWater in the next two decades will have to be considered more and more as a critical resource for the survival of some countries such as the arid and semi-arid countries. Within this framework conflicts are to be expected between neighbouring countries which depend upon international rivers, lakes of shared equifers. The security of the supply of water, its mobility and sustainability will be a guarantee of peace for the future, in this part of the world. The purpose of this paper is first to assess briefly the importance of this potential issue in the main regions of the world ; second to examine a few cases where the sharing of water resources is at stake (the Nile, the Jordan, the Tigre and Euphrate) and finally to suggest a few lines of good conduct in order to avoid that the unilateral use by one country of shared resources will degenerate into a clash of arms (duty for a state not to cause substantial harm to his neighbours, reasonable and equitable use of water resources, consultation in advance) .L'eau, dans les deux prochaines décades à venir devra être considérée de plus en plus comme une ressource critique pour la survie de certains pays comme les pays arides ou semi-arides. Dans ce contexte, des conflits sont à craindre entre pays voisins dépendant pour leurs besoins de cours d'eau internationaux ou de lacs et acquifere partagés. La sécurité des approvisionnements en eau, leur stabilité et leur sustainabilité seront un garant de la paix future dans ces régions du globe. L'objet de la communication est d'abord de situer brièvement l'importance de ce problème potentiel dans les principales régions du monde, ensuite de passer en revue quelques cas où le partage des ressources en eau se pose (Nil, Jourdain, Tigre, Euphrate) et d'esquisser enfin quelques lignes de conduite possibles à retenir si l'on veut éviter que l'exploitation unilatérale par un pays de ressources partagées ne dégénère en conflit armé (devoir des Etats de ne pas causer de dommages sensibles à leurs voisins, utilisation raisonnable et équitable de l'eau, consultation préalable) .Potier Michel. 2. - Un enjeu majeur du XXIème siècle : la gestion des ressources en eau partagée, source de conflit ou de paix. In: L'avenir de l'eau. Quelques réponses des sciences hydrotechniques à une inquiétude mondiale. Vingt deuxièmes journées de l'hydraulique. Paris, 15-17 septembre 1992. Tome 1, 1992
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
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