1,721,163 research outputs found
The potential impact of the Lactobacillus name change: the results of an expert meeting organised by the Lactic Acid Bacteria Industrial Platform (LABIP).
No full textBackground. axonomy and nomenclature are important aspects of biological science, as they allow unambiguous communication about all living species. In contrast to higher life forms, microbes have no comparable sexual reproduction, upon which bacterial speciation can be based. Therefore, alternative criteria have to be used, which differ depending on the group of microorganisms. In the past, phenotypic criteria such as fermentation patterns, enzymatic profiles and DNA-DNA hybridisation were cornerstone techniques for speciation. But today, the wider availability of high-throughput sequence technology and the relatively small genome size of bacteria have allowed phenotypic testing to be replaced by genome sequencing as the main source of taxonomic information. Scope and Approach. Not unexpectedly, the results of phylogenetic analyses based on these new data do not always match results from phenotypic approaches. Based on a recent analysis of the genome sequences of 222 species of the genus Lactobacillus and related taxa, it is expected that the genus Lactobacillus 33 will be split in a considerable number of new genera. Key Findings and Conclusions. In October 2018 LABIP organised an expert workshop to discuss the economic, scientific and regulatory consequences of this taxonomic change. This report represents a summary of the considerations and outcomes of this workshop, supplemented with some later reflections and recent literature
Proposal to reclassify the three biotypes as three subspecies: Bifidobacterium longum subsp. longum subsp. nov., Bifidobacterium longum subsp. infantis comb. nov. and Bifidobacterium longum subsp. suis comb. nov.
No full textIn the year 2002 Bifidobacterium longum, B. infantis and B. suis were unified into a single species, B. longum, preserving the former species names through the creation of the three biotypes ‘longum’, ‘infantis’ and ‘suis’. Consequently the use of the species name B. infantis and B. suis was to be discontinued. The above taxonomic rearrangement of B. longum was based on DNA-DNA hybridizations, 16S rRNA and HSP60 sequence analysis. However a variety of other genotypic techniques including ribotyping, ARDRA, RAPD-PCR, BOX-PCR, PCR-DGGE, comparison of the Rec A, tuf and ldh gene sequences, plasmid profiling and considerable variation in carbohydrate fermentation patterns as well as results of starch and PAGE electrophoresis experiments, clearly discriminate former ‘B. longum’, ‘B. infantis’, and ‘B. suis’ strains. In the present paper we compile this published information and propose the description of Bifidobacterium longum subsp. longum subsp. nov., Bifidobacterium longum subsp. infantis comb. nov. and Bifidobacterium longum subsp. suis comb. nov. The “International Committee on Systematic Bacteriology Subcommittee on Bifidobacterium, Lactobacillus and related organisms” is in favour of this proposal
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
International Committee on Systematics of Prokaryotes Subcommittee on the Taxonomy of Bifidobacterium, Lactobacillus and related organisms. Minutes of the closed meeting by videoconference, 3 September 2020
Full text linkInternational Committee on Systematics of Prokaryotes
Subcommittee on the Taxonomy of Bifidobacterium, Lactobacillus
and related organisms. Minutes of the closed meeting by
videoconference, 3 September 202
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