1,720,992 research outputs found
Influence of the ethnic status in chronic hepatitis B patients: comparing the Netherlands, Belgium and Turkey
No full textInfluence of the ethnic status in chronic hepatitis B patients: comparing the Netherlands, Belgium and Turkey
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Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Hepatitis C in Hemophilia
No full textHepatitis is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with hemophilia. In our study with a follow-up of 35 years, we found that the risk for end-stage liver disease (liver failure, hepatocellular carcinoma, liver-related death) was 12% for HIV negative, and 35% for HIV coinfected patients. Although a significant proportion of hemophilia patients is at risk for long-term complications of hepatitis, many patients still have not been treated. In the Dutch hemophilia population, approximately 30-40% were not treated mainly due to fear of side effects, lack of clinical symptoms, and expected low efficacy of treatment. However, health-related quality of life was reduced in hemophilia patients with chronic hepatitis C. Thus providing an additional argument in favor of treatment, as health-related quality of life will improve after successful treatment for hepatitis C. Liver biopsies are rarely performed in hemophilia patients because of risk of bleeding, and high costs of clotting factor replacement. In order to assess liver fibrosis in the hemophilic population and identify patients eligible for antiviral therapy, we were the first to use a new, non-invasive device: the Fibroscan®. With this new technique we found an unexpected high proportion of patients with severe fibrosis or cirrhosis of approximately 35%. Many patients had significant liver damage that would not have been detected with the conventional methods like laboratory tests and ultrasonography. Based on the results of the Fibroscan® examination, approximately 25% of patients started antiviral therapy within three months. The majority of these patients had postponed antiviral therapy for years despite therapy had frequently been offered. These results indicate that the Fibroscan® may play an important role in persuading patients with significant fibrosis to start therapy. Furthermore, this technique may be used to follow patients in order to assess progression of fibrosis and determine prognosis. Conflicting data exist about the efficacy of IFN-based therapy in the hemophilic population. For many years, it was thought that patients with hemophilia would respond worse to IFN-based therapy than patients in the general population. Patients with hemophilia are often infected with HCV genotype 1, are predominantly male, have long-lasting infection, and have often high levels of viraemia. However, in our review of IFN-based therapies in the hemophilic population responses were similar to that seen in the general population. This was also corroborated in our pilot study of patients who were treated with Pegylated IFN combined with ribavirin. The sustained virological response for HIV negative and treatment naïve patients was 70%. This high response may be due to the high compliance to therapy in this population. The direct responses to antiviral therapy are precisely defined, but what are the long-term effects of this therapy? In a cohort study of approximately 300 patients, we found that all patients who achieved a sustained response after IFN-based therapy remained HCV RNA negative up to 15 years after treatment. Furthermore, none of the successfully treated patients developed liver failure or hepatocellular carcinoma. This was in contrast with patients who failed to eradicate HCV: the risk for developing end-stage liver disease was approximately 13%. In conclusion, these findings indicate that successful therapy postpones or may even prevent long-term complications of chronic hepatitis C during the first 10-15 years after therapy. However, longer follow-up is required to assess whether this favorable effect is sustained over the next decades
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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