1,721,103 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Chlamydia bei Mensch und Tier
No full textLes chlamydiae sont des bacteries avec des caracterist!ques particulières: elles se multiplient exclusivement par voie intracellulaire via un cycle de developpement unique en son genre.
Contrairement a d'autres bacteries, elles ne peuvent pas être cultivees en milieux de culture dans des boites de Petri, mais dependent de cellules vivantes pour se propager. Cette fonctionnalité facilite Ja survie des chlamydiae et rend leur élimination tres difficile comme de nombreux medicaments ne peuvent pas penetrer dans !es cellules. En outre, dans la cellule höre, !es chlamydiae se distinguent par un cycle de propagation biophysique specifique qui leur permet «d'echapper» aux mécanismes de defense de l'höte. Tout au long de leur evolution, !es chlamydiae ont su se defaire des parts genomiques devenues superflues a Ja survie intracellulaire. Ainsi, elles ont perdu Ja capacité de syntheriser divers produits metaboliques, devant des lors !es «importer» de leur cellule höre, phenomene qui a contribue a aussi faire qualifier !es chlamydiae de «parasites d'énergie».
Le genre des chlamydiae comprend neuf especes dotees d'une
gamme d'hötes tres differents:
• C. trachomatis: infection et inflammation de la conjonctive de l'ceil, principalement chez l'homme; connu sous la forme de trachöme. Certains serotypes de C. trachomatis sont sexuellement transmissibles et peuvent causer l'infertilite.
• C. psittaci: presque tous !es oiseaux sauvages, !es oiseaux de compagnie et !es volailles sont sensibles a cette infection. Elle est transmissible a l'homme et provoque une pneumonie severe (psittacose) .
• C. pneumoniae: provoque des infections des voies respiratoires chez l'homme et chez differentes especes animales.
• C. abortus: affecte principalement !es ovins et !es caprins.
La maladie conduit a des avortements et, par consequent; a d'hpportantes pertes economiques. Les bacteries peuvent etre transmises a l'homme et, chez !es femmes, aussi entrainer un avortement .
• c. pecorum: a ce jour, eile n'a ere derectee que chez !es animaux.
La bacterie provoque une inflammation du cerveau et de la moelle epiniere, des articulations, de la conjonctive oculaire, de l'intestin, la glande mammaire et du poumon.
• C. felis: le chat est l'höte Je plus important de cette forme de la bacterie. Elle se manifeste comme infection de la conjonctive des yeux et des voies respiratoires superieures.
• C. caviae: eile declenche des infections de Ja conjonctive et de la cornee oculaire ainsi que de,s organes genitaux, principalement chez !es cochons d'Inde. Lors de contacts etroits avec ces animaux, la maladie peut egalement erre transmise a l'homme.
• c. suis: e ce jour, cette forme a ete isolée principalement chez Je porc domestique. L'infection se traduit par une conjonctivite oculaire de meme que par une inflammation du cölon et du poumon.
• C. muridarum: leurs cellules hötes existent surtout chez !es hamsters et !es souris. L'agent pathogene provoque des inflammations de la gorge, des bronchites et des pneumonies ainsi que des infections ascendantes dans Je tractus urogenital, pouvant conduire a l'infertilité.
Lorsqu'une infection aux chlamydiae a ete detectee, ses symptômes peuvent etre traites par divers antibiotiques. Parvenir a eliminer !es agents pathogenes reste toutefois une démarche a prouver puisqu'au cours de leur developpement, !es chlamydiae ont developpe Ja capacite de se mettre dans une sorte de «phase d'hibernation» dans !es cellules hötes, un phenomene qualifie de «persistance». Durant cette phase, !es agents pathogènes réduisent considerablement leur activite merabolique et de division; bases sur la detection d'antigenes, divers procedes de détection ne permettent neanmoins pratiquement plus de !es mettre en lumiere. Certes, une détection gnomique effectuee au moyen d'une PCR par exemple est possible. Dans des conditions de croissance differentes, !es chlamydiae peuvent etre «tirées» de leur hibernation puis poursuivre leurs activites. Pour !'heure, Je röle et la portee de ces processus font l'objet d'études intensives
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
- …
