1,721,030 research outputs found
A multimodal MRI study of the hippocampus in medication-naive children with ADHD: what connects ADHD and depression?
No full textChildren with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) are at increased risk for developing depression. The neurobiological substrates that convey this risk remain poorly understood. On the basis of considerable data implicating hippocampal abnormalities in depressive disorders, we aimed to explore the relationship between the hippocampus and levels of depressive symptomatology in ADHD. We used magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to examine the volumes and resting-state functional connectivity of the hippocampus in a sample of 32 medication naive children with ADHD (ages 6 - 13) and 33 age- and sex-matched healthy control (HC) participants. Compared with the HC participants, the participants with ADHD had (i) reduced volumes of the left hippocampus and (ii) reduced functional connectivity between the left hippocampus and the left orbitofrontal cortex (OFC); these hippocampal effects were associated with more severe depressive symptoms, even after controlling for the severity of inattentive and hyperactive/impulsive symptoms. Altered hippocampal structure and connectivity were not associated with anxiety or more general internalizing symptoms. Though preliminary, these findings suggest that the relationship between hippocampal anomalies and ADHD youth's susceptibility to developing depression and other mood disorders may merit further investigation with follow-up longitudinal research
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
In-vitro Clot Formation and Failure
No full textThesis (Master's)--University of Washington, 2016-08A primary cause of bleeding and mortality after traumatic injury is failure of hemostatic clot formation at wound sites. After trauma, approximately 25-30% of severe injured patients display trauma induced coagulopathy (TIC) which is a multifactorial condition that causes poor clot formation and performance. A decreased level of viscoelastic clot stiffness or strength and rapid clot breakdown by enzymatic degradation are hallmarks of this condition. Clots formed under these conditions are unable to withstand hemodynamic forces of flowing blood, and therefore are likely to repeatedly rupture, leading to progressive bleeding and worsening coagulopathy. Current research examines clot formation to understand TIC and to guide treatment. However, the most useful and clinically-relevant aspect of clot formation, for TIC, is clot durability (i.e. its resistance to breakdown) instead of the initiating events related to clot formation. Decreased clot viscoelastic firmness is among the first changes taking place during TIC, which can be detected using current viscoelastic monitors including thrombelastograpy (TEG) and rotational thromboelastometry (ROTEM). However, these devices (TEG/ROTEM) are not ideal modalities for assessing clot mechanical properties in trauma conditions due to the amount of time taken to obtain results, poor sensitivity, repeatability, and lack of standardization. Therefore, in this thesis, I examine clot durability and failure characteristics using a novel method to better understand TIC and develop new clinically-relevant point-of-care diagnostic. I developed a system that forms a clot in a small tube and then applies increasing pressure until the clot fails. I show that that clot failure is strongly associated with intrinsic mechanical properties of the clot. I show the effect of fibrinogen, factor XIIIa, platelet count on the in-vitro failure pressure of the clot. The clot failure system shows strong correlation with the maximum clot firmness obtained from ROTEM, suggesting that it could be used to diagnose TIC and inform the clinicians on the pressure at which clots will fail in patients, thus guiding patient care in trauma situations
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
- …
