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Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Equivalent: Vitamin C utilisation in 2020: "have we bought a lemon?”
No full textPandemija SARS-CoV-2 značajno je utjecala na svakodnevni život. Iako su cjepiva bila u razvoju, razni lijekovi i dodaci prehrani predlagani su za prenamjenu, uglavnom bez uspjeha. Među predloženim tvarima, vitamin C (askorbinska kiselina) izdvajao se zbog dostupnosti, pristupačnosti i sigurnosti. Popularnost primjene vitamina C u liječenju respiratornih infekcija može se pratiti do 1970-ih godina, kada je Linus Pauling iznio teoriju da vitamin C može imati profilaktički učinak protiv prehlade te ublažiti njene simptome. Vitamin C je esencijalni mikronutrijent i antioksidans potreban za mnoge biološke procese te ima dokazano povoljne učinke na stanice imunološkog sustava. Međutim, rezultati dosadašnjih studija ne podržavaju profilaktičku ili terapijsku upotrebu vitamina C u respiratornim infekcijama. Evaluacija učinkovitosti visokih doza vitamina C za profilaksu i liječenje prehlade pokazala je da suplementacija vitaminom C nije spriječila prehladu čak i uz dozu od 1g/dan tijekom nekoliko mjeseci. Pozitivni učinci zabilježeni su kod skupina izloženih visokom fizičkom stresu, kao što su maratonci, skijaši i vojnici, pri čemu je suplementacija vitaminom C smanjila rizik od respiratornih infekcija za gotovo 52%. Vitamin C je također istraživan u kontekstu sepse, no meta-analiza nije pokazala značajne koristi od primjene visokih doza intravenoznog vitamina C. Što se tiče COVID-19, rezultati meta-analiza dosljedno ne pokazuju značajnu korist ni oralne ni intravenozne primjene vitamina C. Istraživanje u Hrvatskoj pokazalo je značajan porast konzumacije vitamina C tijekom 2020. godine, najvjerojatnije zbog pandemije i uvjerenja javnosti o njegovim zaštitnim ili ljekovitim učincima, što nije potkrijepljeno dokazima. Model predviđanja za 2020. pokazao je da je stvarna konzumacija bila znatno veća od predviđene, što je rezultiralo dodatnim troškom od približno 111.645 eura.
Ovaj porast potrošnje vitamina C zabilježen je i u drugim zemljama. Iako je suplementacija vitaminom C uglavnom bezopasna, povezana je sa značajnim dodatnim troškovima na razini populacije i nema dokazano korisne učinke kod osoba koje nisu deficitarne.
Preporučeni dnevni unos vitamina C može se lako zadovoljiti uravnoteženom prehranom bez potrebe za suplementacijom.The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has significantly impacted daily life. While vaccines were in development, various drugs and dietary supplements were proposed for repurposing, mostly without success. Among the suggested substances, vitamin C (ascorbic acid) stood out due to its availability, affordability, and safety. The popularity of using vitamin C in treating respiratory infections can be traced back to the 1970s when Linus Pauling theorized its prophylactic effect against the common cold and its symptom alleviation. Vitamin C, an essential micronutrient and antioxidant, crucial for numerous biological processes, has demonstrated favorable effects on the immune system cells. However, current study results do not support its prophylactic or therapeutic use in respiratory infections. Evaluation of the efficacy of high doses of vitamin C for cold prophylaxis and treatment showed that vitamin C supplementation did not prevent colds, even at a dose of 1g/day over several months. Positive effects were observed in populations subjected to high physical stress, such as marathon runners, skiers, and soldiers, where vitamin C supplementation reduced the risk of respiratory infections by almost 52%. Vitamin C has also been studied in the context of sepsis, but meta-analysis did not show significant benefits from high-dose intravenous vitamin C administration. Regarding COVID-19, consistent results from meta-analyses do not demonstrate significant benefits from either oral or intravenous vitamin C administration. Research in Croatia indicated a significant increase in vitamin C consumption in 2020, likely due to public belief in its protective or therapeutic effects, unsupported by evidence. The predictive model for 2020 showed actual consumption significantly exceeding predictions, resulting in approximately 111,645€ in additional costs. This increase in vitamin C consumption was also observed in other countries. Although vitamin C supplementation is generally safe, it is associated with significant additional costs at the population level and has not been proven beneficial in non-deficient individuals. The recommended daily intake of vitamin C can easily be met through a balanced diet without the need for supplementation
Equivalent: Vitamin C utilisation in 2020: "have we bought a lemon?”
No full textPandemija SARS-CoV-2 značajno je utjecala na svakodnevni život. Iako su cjepiva bila u razvoju, razni lijekovi i dodaci prehrani predlagani su za prenamjenu, uglavnom bez uspjeha. Među predloženim tvarima, vitamin C (askorbinska kiselina) izdvajao se zbog dostupnosti, pristupačnosti i sigurnosti. Popularnost primjene vitamina C u liječenju respiratornih infekcija može se pratiti do 1970-ih godina, kada je Linus Pauling iznio teoriju da vitamin C može imati profilaktički učinak protiv prehlade te ublažiti njene simptome. Vitamin C je esencijalni mikronutrijent i antioksidans potreban za mnoge biološke procese te ima dokazano povoljne učinke na stanice imunološkog sustava. Međutim, rezultati dosadašnjih studija ne podržavaju profilaktičku ili terapijsku upotrebu vitamina C u respiratornim infekcijama. Evaluacija učinkovitosti visokih doza vitamina C za profilaksu i liječenje prehlade pokazala je da suplementacija vitaminom C nije spriječila prehladu čak i uz dozu od 1g/dan tijekom nekoliko mjeseci. Pozitivni učinci zabilježeni su kod skupina izloženih visokom fizičkom stresu, kao što su maratonci, skijaši i vojnici, pri čemu je suplementacija vitaminom C smanjila rizik od respiratornih infekcija za gotovo 52%. Vitamin C je također istraživan u kontekstu sepse, no meta-analiza nije pokazala značajne koristi od primjene visokih doza intravenoznog vitamina C. Što se tiče COVID-19, rezultati meta-analiza dosljedno ne pokazuju značajnu korist ni oralne ni intravenozne primjene vitamina C. Istraživanje u Hrvatskoj pokazalo je značajan porast konzumacije vitamina C tijekom 2020. godine, najvjerojatnije zbog pandemije i uvjerenja javnosti o njegovim zaštitnim ili ljekovitim učincima, što nije potkrijepljeno dokazima. Model predviđanja za 2020. pokazao je da je stvarna konzumacija bila znatno veća od predviđene, što je rezultiralo dodatnim troškom od približno 111.645 eura.
Ovaj porast potrošnje vitamina C zabilježen je i u drugim zemljama. Iako je suplementacija vitaminom C uglavnom bezopasna, povezana je sa značajnim dodatnim troškovima na razini populacije i nema dokazano korisne učinke kod osoba koje nisu deficitarne.
Preporučeni dnevni unos vitamina C može se lako zadovoljiti uravnoteženom prehranom bez potrebe za suplementacijom.The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has significantly impacted daily life. While vaccines were in development, various drugs and dietary supplements were proposed for repurposing, mostly without success. Among the suggested substances, vitamin C (ascorbic acid) stood out due to its availability, affordability, and safety. The popularity of using vitamin C in treating respiratory infections can be traced back to the 1970s when Linus Pauling theorized its prophylactic effect against the common cold and its symptom alleviation. Vitamin C, an essential micronutrient and antioxidant, crucial for numerous biological processes, has demonstrated favorable effects on the immune system cells. However, current study results do not support its prophylactic or therapeutic use in respiratory infections. Evaluation of the efficacy of high doses of vitamin C for cold prophylaxis and treatment showed that vitamin C supplementation did not prevent colds, even at a dose of 1g/day over several months. Positive effects were observed in populations subjected to high physical stress, such as marathon runners, skiers, and soldiers, where vitamin C supplementation reduced the risk of respiratory infections by almost 52%. Vitamin C has also been studied in the context of sepsis, but meta-analysis did not show significant benefits from high-dose intravenous vitamin C administration. Regarding COVID-19, consistent results from meta-analyses do not demonstrate significant benefits from either oral or intravenous vitamin C administration. Research in Croatia indicated a significant increase in vitamin C consumption in 2020, likely due to public belief in its protective or therapeutic effects, unsupported by evidence. The predictive model for 2020 showed actual consumption significantly exceeding predictions, resulting in approximately 111,645€ in additional costs. This increase in vitamin C consumption was also observed in other countries. Although vitamin C supplementation is generally safe, it is associated with significant additional costs at the population level and has not been proven beneficial in non-deficient individuals. The recommended daily intake of vitamin C can easily be met through a balanced diet without the need for supplementation
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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