1,720,961 research outputs found
Electric Mobility in a Smart City: European Overview
No full textAccording to the United Nations (UN), although cities occupy only 3% of Earth’s surface,
they host more than half of the global population, are responsible for 70% of energy consumption,
and 75% of carbon emissions. All this is a consequence of the massive urbanization verified since the
1950s and which is expected to continue in the coming decades. A crucial issue will therefore concern
the management of existing cities and the planning of future ones, and this was also emphasized
by the UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), especially in Goal 11 (Sustainable Cities and
communities). Smart Cities are often seen as ideal urban environments in which the different
dimensions of a city (economy, education, energy, environment, etc.) are managed successfully and
proactively. So, one of the most important challenges cities will have to face, is to guide citizens
towards a form of “clean” energy consumption, and the dimension on which decision-makers will be
able to work is the decarbonization of transport. To achieve this, electric mobility could help reduce
polluting emissions on the road. Within this research, the strategies that six Smart Cities (London,
Hamburg, Oslo, Milan, Florence, and Bologna) have implemented to encourage the transition to this
form of mobility have been studied. Through a systematic review of the literature (Scopus, Google
Scholar, andWeb of Science) and through the study of the main political/energy documents of the
cities, their policies on electric mobility have been evaluated. Then, for each city, SDG 11.6.2 was
analyzed to assess the air quality in the last four years (2016–2019) and, therefore, the effectiveness of
the policies. The analysis showed, in general, that the policies have worked, inducing reductions in
the pollutants of PM2.5, PM10, NO2. In particular, the cities showed the most significant reduction
in pollutant (above 20%) were Hamburg (-28% PM2.5 and -2%6 NO2), Milan (-25% PM2.5 and
-52% NO2), and London (-26% NO2)
GLI SPIN-OFF DI RICERCA COME SPINTA ALLO SVILUPPO DI UN'ECONOMIA CIRCULA
No full textAbstract
L’economia circolare rappresenta oggi un nuovo paradigma economico basato sull’ambiente e sul recupero
dei materiali. Gli Spin-off sono aziende “Science Based” che rappresentano uno strumento alternativo per
promuovere il trasferimento di conoscenze e tecnologie dalla ricerca alla commercializzazione e produzione.
In altre parole essi rappresentano un ponte tra il sistema della ricerca e il sistema produttivo.
Questa parte di studio fa parte di un progetto più ampio e complesso il cui obiettivo è verificare se lo sviluppo
di Spin-off di ricerca ed in particolare accademici, che operano nel settore “ambiente” o più in generale della
sostenibilità, favoriscono la transizione dal modello classico di economia lineare al modello innovativo di
economia circolare.
Lo scopo ultimo del progetto di ricerca è identificare delle soluzioni di catalizzazione dell’innovazione e di
incentivo alla collaborazione per il trasferimento tecnologico al fine di agevolare la transizione dal modello
classico di economia lineare al nuovo modello di economia circolare.
A livello metodologico, lo studio è stato condotto in una prima fase attraverso la revisione della letteratura e
una volta individuati i fattori chiave, sono state condotte delle indagini esplorative al fine verificare lo stato
dell’arte del sistema, in questa prima fase attraverso la selezione di un campione.
Il modello di analisi può essere generalizzato e replicato su scala più ampia.
I risultati preliminari di questa analisi mostrano una rapida successione di variabili e porta all’identificazione di
due scenari: uno scenario di “closed loop” e uno scenario di “open loop”. Nonostante la scarsa responsione in
questo momento della letteratura rispetto all’oggetto di analisi, i casi studio presenti in letteratura sono scarsi
così come i general framework.
Questi ultimi non evidenziano in modo chiaro la relazione esistente tra Spin-off e diffusione dell’economia
circolare. I risultati mostrano, infatti, una non chiarezza di indirizzo e l’assenza di una posizione dominante sul
tema in letteratura.
È stato quindi rilevato un gap nella letteratura che definisce la necessità di formalizzare un general framework
in cui vengano incluse le variabili chiave e i fattori che possono essere definiti catalizzatori di innovazione e
che possano comportare un cambiamento nei modelli di business
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
The Development of Smart Tourism Destinations Through the Integration of ICT Innovations in SMEs of the Commercial Sector: Practical Experience From Central Italy
No full textDispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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