1,721,025 research outputs found
Parkinsonism in children: Clinical classification and etiological spectrum
No full textInfantile- and childhood-onset parkinsonism is mainly due to genetic alterations and is an exceedingly rare condition, unlike Parkinson's disease (PD), which is one of the most common neurologic disorders in adulthood. The clinical characterization of parkinsonism during early stages of neuromotor development is controversial due to the lack of consensus regarding the clinical criteria of PD or parkinsonism in the immature brain. The classification here proposed is based on a review of conditions that emerge during infancy and childhood, with key symptoms evocative of adult parkinsonism. The proposed nosography is based on age at presentation, clinical features, outcome, and etiological background. It includes developmental parkinsonism, infantile degenerative parkinsonism, parkinsonism in the setting of neurodevelopmental disorders, parkinsonism in the setting of multisystem brain diseases, juvenile parkinsonism and dystonia-parkinsonism, and acquired parkinsonism. The subgroups denoting peculiar clinical presentations as a consequence of disease impact on the immature brain are developmental parkinsonism due to monoamine metabolic disorders and infantile degenerative parkinsonism caused by DAT and WASR2 defects. More tardive parkinsonisms occur in genetic conditions that cause a generalized derangement of neurodevelopmental processes, such as those due to MECP2, NR4A2, SCN1A, and RAB39B. Some conditions presenting with neurodevelopmental disorder can progress later, disclosing their neurodegenerative nature (i.e. WDR45 and KCND3). Finally, new emerging conditions with childhood-onset parkinsonism arise from the cumulative effect of multiple genetic lesions
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Patients with Allan‐Herndon‐Dudley Syndrome ( MCT8 Deficiency) Display Symptoms of Parkinsonism in Childhood and Respond to Levodopa/Carbidopa Treatment
No full textAbstract Background Patients with mutations in the monocarboxylate transporter 8 (MCT8, SLC16A2 ) suffer from X‐linked recessive Allan‐Herndon‐Dudley syndrome (AHDS), which is characterized by developmental delay and a severe movement disorder. Current trials using thyroid hormone derivatives to overcome the transporter defect have failed to achieve patient‐oriented therapeutic goals. Objectives Our aim was to define the type of movement disorder in AHDS in an observational cohort study and to investigate the causative role of the dopaminergic system. Methods We present longitudinal clinical data from the DEEPTYPE registry of 11 patients with video documentation, standardized phenotyping, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis, neuroimaging data, and the treatment response to levodopa/carbidopa supplementation. Results Children presented with signs of childhood parkinsonism, including hypokinesia, hypomimia, inability to sit or stand, rigidity, dystonia, and autonomic dysfunction. CSF homovanillic acid concentrations were decreased (n = 12), suggesting an isolated dopamine pathway impairment. Seven out of 8 patients responded favorably to l ‐dopa/carbidopa supplementation and we did not observe any adverse drug reactions. Conclusions AHDS is associated with childhood parkinsonism, which is linked with biochemical abnormalities of dopamine metabolism. It can be treated with l ‐dopa/carbidopa supplementation. However, further research is needed to elucidate the exact effect of MCT8 deficiency on dopamine metabolism. © 2025 The Author(s). Movement Disorders published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft https://doi.org/10.13039/501100001659Berliner Sparkassenstiftung Medizin https://doi.org/10.13039/501100006755Berlin Institute of Health https://doi.org/10.13039/50110001726
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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