1,720,961 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
VALUTAZIONE DEL RISCHIO E DANNI DERIVANTI DAL DOPING - RISK ASSESSMENT AND DAMAGES FROM DOPING-
No full textTe development of chemistry, pharmacology and molecular biology has made it possible to multiply substances capable of favoring athletes in sports preparation and during the race as well as to recover the energies spent in a short time, especially when commitments racing are very frequent.
Pharmacological knowledge has already highlighted the negative efects and damage to health deriving from the abuse of these substances. As is known, the damage caused by doping can be detectable in the short and long term
Gluten-free diets in athletes
No full textGluten is the structural protein component of the grains wheat, rye and barley, and it is the basis for a variety of
food products consumed throughout the world. Gluten proteins, major determinants of the bread-making quality
of wheat, are related to several digestive disorders, and celiac disease is the most studied of these pathologies.
Health effects of gluten have received increasing attention both in medical research and popular media, and
remain highly controversial. People with diagnosed coeliac disease require a lifelong strictly gluten-free diet. In
addition to celiac disease patients, it has been hypothesized that a substantial proportion of the population may
be gluten intolerant (non-celiac gluten sensitivity), and could benefit from reducing gluten in their diet.
However, clinical evidence for the existence of such conditions and other purported adverse health effects of
gluten remain inconsistent. Nevertheless, there is growing popular perception that gluten-freefoods are healthier,
and in recent years, there has been a dramatic increase in demand and consumption of gluten-free foods in many
Western countries. Adherence to a gluten-free diet for non-celiac athletes has become increasingly popular. In
this narrative review, the effects of gluten-free diet are discussed, and its impact on health and sports
performance in athletes is examined. A gluten-free diet among many athletes does not result from evidencebased
practice, and in the majority of cases is not based on medical rationale and may be driven by perception
that gluten removal provides health benefits and an ergogenic edge in non-celiac athletes. Actually, athletes with
inadequate energy intake and/or who exclude certain foods or food groups may not meet sports nutrition
guidelines for key nutrients, and as a result, athletes could have at increased risk for musculoskeletal injuries,
iron-deficiency anemia, hormonal imbalances, and immune suppression.
Keywords: Gluten free diet, nutrition, sport, athletes, celiac disease
NUOVE TECNOLOGIE E DOPING GENETICO - NEW TECNOLOGY AND GENETIC DOPING
No full textTe purpose of gene therapy is to use the foundations of genetic engineering for
therapeutic use through the correction or manipulation of defective genes, and is
fundamental for the treatment of many degenerative. Te frst genetic therapy tests were conducted with proteins closely related to doping (e.g. erythropoietin and growth hormone). Terefore, genetic doping exploits the same concept of gene therapy but not for therapeutic purposes, but to improve the performance of athletes by modifying some genes that lead to increase endurance and muscle mass. Tis method is certainly not devoid of adverse, and sometimes fatal, efects that each
of these techniques has on the athlete. Te use of the athlete’s biological-molecular passport represents a possible preventive and precautionary anti-doping strategy
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