1,720,979 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Characterization and functional analysis of the Md-miR285N gene promoter in transgenic apple (Malus x domestica) and Arabidopsis thaliana
No full textMicroRNAs are key regulators of plant physiological activities by functioning in RNA silencing and post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression. In apple, the uncharacterized Md-miR285N is predicted to target 35 RNA transcripts, mostly coding for TMV, SCN1 and CDPK proteins involved in plant defense to pathogens. In this work, ca. 2 Kb of the Md-miR285N promoter were isolated and cloned into an expression vector with its 3’-end fused to the ß-glucoronidase (GUS) reporter gene. The expression vector was used for Agrobacterium-mediated transformation of both Malus x domestica (cv. ‘Gala’) and Arabidopsis thaliana (ecotype Col-0). In transgenic apple plantlets a strong GUS activity was detected in stems, leaves and veins. In Arabidopsis seedlings the promoter was shown to be highly expressed in roots, shoot apex meristem, primary and secondary leaves and veins. To understand the functional response of Md-miR285N against pathogen infections, apple and Arabidopsis plantlets wereinoculated, respectively, with Erwinia amylovora strain Ea273 and Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato DC3000. The GUS activity was qualitatively and quantitatively evaluated in treated plants at 12, 24, 36 and 48 hours post inoculation. A differential regulation of promoter expression was detected compared to untreated plants. These data suggest that Md-miR285N may act as important regulator of plant defense after bacteria infections
Application of Genome editing for improving disease resistance in apple: case of DIPM for resistance to fire blight
No full textFire blight, caused by the bacterium Erwinia amylovora (E.a.), is one of the most economically important and invasive diseases affecting apple (Malus x domestica). The molecular mechanisms of E.a.-apple interaction are widely elucidated but the management of the disease remains still arduous. Apple protein MdDIPM4 interacts with the DspA/E effector, mandatory for the pathogenesis of Erwinia amylovora, but its biological function is still unknown. In this work, the knock-out of MdDIPM4 has been produced in two Malus x domestica susceptible varieties, by using the CRISPR/Cas9 system delivered via Agrobacterium tumefaciens. Fifty-seven transgenic lines were analyzed using a Next Generation Sequencing in order to identify the CRISPR/Cas9-induced mutations. Some edited plants with a loss of function mutation were selected and inoculated with the pathogen. An increased resistance was observed, demonstrating that MdDIPM4 is involved in plant susceptibility to fire blight. Moreover, with the aim of producing transgene-free plants, we used a heat shock-inducible FLP-FRT recombination system designed specifically to remove the entire T-DNA in those plants with increased pathogen resistance. For the first time, our data demonstrated the possibility to produce apple varieties more resistant to fire blight and free from exogenous DNA by using the CRISPR/Cas9 technology. These plants may be used in further analysis to better elucidate how MdDIPM4 is involved in the onset of the diseas
Impiego della tecnologia CRISPR/Cas9-FLP/FRT per rendere cultivar di melo meno suscettibili al colpo di fuoco batterico
Full text linkAppropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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