1,720,985 research outputs found
Development of oligonucleotide arrays: application to detection of gene expression changes in breast cancer
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Latest Developments of Research on the Viable Non-Culturable State of L. monocytogenes and Implications for Food Safety
No full textFeatured Application: This review article aims to collect updated knowledge on the conditions that induce the viable non-culturable (VBNC) state in the foodborne pathogen Listeria monocytogenes, obtain indications on practices that can prevent the occurrence of this form of the pathogen in food, and identify aspects that necessitate further investigation. This descriptive review summarizes the most recent findings on the induction and distribution of viable non-culturable (VBNC) Listeria monocytogenes in food production conditions and food. The aim was to obtain information on the factors that favor the transition to the VBNC state in L. monocytogenes; its resuscitation capacity; and, according to scientific articles published since 2020, how food contamination by the bacterium in a VBNC state can be prevented. The methods used for VBNC L. monocytogenes detection were also reviewed. A few studies reported the presence of VBNC L. monocytogenes in food, in which fresh produce and chicken meat were considered. Different physicochemical stresses such as exposure to disinfectants with diverse actions and essential oils, desiccation, low temperatures, absence of nutrients, high NaCl and iron concentrations, and low pH adjusted with acetic acid were reported to induce the VBNC state in L. monocytogenes. The VBNC forms of L. monocytogenes were able to regain growth and virulence. This could pose a safety risk that cannot be revealed by the standard culture-dependent methods recommended for L. monocytogenes detection. Therefore, the presence in food and food production plants of VBNC L. monocytogenes should be prevented by the appropriate use of hurdles and cleaning/disinfection procedures. The opportunity to harmonize VBNC cell detection methods for regular use in food safety evaluation also emerged
Lactoferrin as an added-value whey component and a healthy additive in nutraceutical drinks.
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Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Non-protein coding RNA biomarkers and differential expression in cancers: a review
Full text linkAbstract Background In these years a huge number of human transcripts has been found that do not code for proteins, named non-protein coding RNAs. In most cases, small (miRNAs, snoRNAs) and long RNAs (antisense RNA, dsRNA, and long RNA species) have many roles, functioning as regulators of other mRNAs, at transcriptional and post-transcriptional level, and controlling protein ubiquitination and degradation. Various species of npcRNAs have been found differentially expressed in different types of cancer. This review discusses the published data and new results on the expression of a subset of npcRNAs. Conclusion These results underscore the complexity of the RNA world and provide further evidence on the involvement of functional RNAs in cancer cell growth control.</p
Mono(ADP-ribosyl)ation Enzymes and NAD+ Metabolism: A Focus on Diseases and Therapeutic Perspectives
Full text linkMono(ADP-ribose) transferases and mono(ADP-ribosyl)ating sirtuins use NAD+ to perform the mono(ADP-ribosyl)ation, a simple form of post-translational modification of proteins and, in some cases, of nucleic acids. The availability of NAD+ is a limiting step and an essential requisite for NAD+ consuming enzymes. The synthesis and degradation of NAD+, as well as the transport of its key intermediates among cell compartments, play a vital role in the maintenance of optimal NAD+ levels, which are essential for the regulation of NAD+-utilizing enzymes. In this review, we provide an overview of the current knowledge of NAD+ metabolism, highlighting the functional liaison with mono(ADP-ribosyl)ating enzymes, such as the well-known ARTD10 (also named PARP10), SIRT6, and SIRT7. To this aim, we discuss the link of these enzymes with NAD+ metabolism and chronic diseases, such as cancer, degenerative disorders and aging
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