2,066 research outputs found
A lithic analysis of the Pollock Works : an investigation of chert usage of the Ohio Hopewell at the Pollock Works
No full textThis study is an in-depth analysis of the Lithic Artifacts excavated at the Pollock Works (a hilltop enclosure located outside Cedarville, Ohio). It is my intent to conduct a detailed analysis of the lithic artifacts from the Pollock Works in order to test the following hypothesis: Chipped stone artifacts at the Pollock Works are primarily from local and semi-local sources because these artifacts represent construction activities at the site rather than ceremonial practices. If the chert artifacts and flakes were primarily ceremonial, they would be comprised of primarily exotic cherts.I macroscopically analyzed the lithics excavated from Trench R and Trench T at the Pollock Works, 33 Gr 5, by Dr. Robert V. Riordan and Field School participants from Wright State University in Dayton, OH. Analysis concentrated on the identification of the types and sources of chert in the sample, using the Wright State classification scheme.This study is significant to the understanding of whether the Hopewell who built the Pollock Works used certain chert types in the construction of the earthwork versus the ritual aspect of the site. It was also important to analyze these lithics in order to help make inferences about the use of the Pollock Works. This study will eventually be useful to the final site report on the Pollock Works. It will also be a valuable reference tool for archaeologists studying the Pollock Works.Thesis (M.A.)Department of Anthropolog
Upgrading malic acid to bio-based benzoates via a Diels–Alder-initiated sequence with the methyl coumalate platform
No full textThe conversion of naturally-occurring malic acid to the 2-pyrone methyl coumalate was optimized using a variety of acid catalysts. Coupling methyl coumalate with electron-rich dienophiles in an inverse electron-demand Diels–Alder (IEDDA)/decarboxylation/elimination domino sequence resulted in an investigation of the scope and limitations of the methodology. The thermal, metal-free, and one-pot procedure allows regioselective access to diverse aromatic compounds including tricyclic, biphenyl, and pyridinyl systems for elaboration. A comparison with analogous pyrones demonstrates the striking efficacy of methyl coumalate as a versatile platform for the generation of biorenewable functionalized benzoates.This is a manuscript of an article published as Lee, Jennifer J., Gerald R. Pollock III, Donald Mitchell, Lindsay Kasuga, and George A. Kraus. "Upgrading malic acid to bio-based benzoates via a Diels–Alder-initiated sequence with the methyl coumalate platform." RSC Advances 4, no. 86 (2014): 45657-45664. DOI: 10.1039/C4RA07105K. Posted with permission.</p
Evaluating the development potential for intermodal transportation centers using the Miami Intermodal Center (MIC)
No full textThesis (M.S.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Architecture, 1996 [first author]; and, (M.S.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Urban Studies, 1996 [second author].Includes bibliographical references (leaves 143-151).by Omar F. del Rio and Donald R. Hackstaff.M.S
Art and the unconscious : a semiotic case study of the painting process
No full textThis dissertation is an attempt to design an interpretation model for the comprehension of unconscious content in artworks, as well as to find painting techniques to free the unconscious mind, allowing it to be expressed through artwork. The interpretation model, still in its infancy, is ripe for further development. The unconscious mind is a fascinating subject—in art production as well as in many scientific fields. This hidden part of the mind, being the source of creativity, constitutes an important foundation for many possible and valuable inquiries in multiple areas of knowledge. In the present study, the unconscious is approached from an art-educational perspective.
The nature of the unconscious is addressed through the theories of Carl Gustav Jung and Charles Sanders Peirce, as well as through the information gained from data the author produced herself during the experimental painting process she devised for this study. For psychological distinctions not addressed by Jung, the theories of Sigmund Freud are used to forward this inquiry into the unconscious mind.
A research method was created to bring Peirce’s theories into consonance with Jung’s amplification method. Since Peirce’s theories are challenging to read, to avoid misinterpretation, the author used Phyllis Chiasson’s 2001 book Peirce’s Pragmatism: The Design for Thinking as a secondary source. Peirce’s three modes of reality—firstness, secondness, and thirdness—were utilized to interpret artworks. This three-mode reality allows interpreters to reflect on their subjective feelings and then to compare them to collected data. The interpreters’ intuitive self-interpretations often correlate well with the more objective data.
In this approach to interpretation, the work of art is seen as a sign, in the Jungian as well as in the Peircean sense, and interpretation seeks to discover a sign’s objects—icon, index, and symbol. Additionally, the objects are studied in combination with Peirce’s designation of the sign’s character elements—sinsign, qualisign, and legisign. Peirce’s theory offers a logical and productive structure for approaching a variety of signs and reaching a multiplicity of interpretations.
Jungian theories inculcated a combined psychological and artistic perspective for the interpretation of artworks. Jung’s method of amplification is an effort to bring a symbol to life, and it is used as a technique to discover—through the seeking of parallels—a possible context for any unconscious content that an image might have. In amplification, a word or element—from a fantasy, dream, or, in this study, artwork—is associated, through use of what Jung called the active imagination, with another context where it also occurs. It must be remembered that unconscious images in artworks do not easily open themselves up for interpretation. One way to interpret possibly unconscious images is for the interpreter to become vulnerable by employing his or her own unconscious mind to interpret an artwork; such use of the active imagination can enable a subjective experience of the artwork on the part of the interpreter, who might thereby uncover unconscious content.
Moreover, in this study, Jung’s theory of archetypes is employed, in parallel with Peirce’s and Jung’s theories of the sign, to illuminate an artwork’s images by connecting them with collective unconscious archetypes. The author relied upon The Book of Symbols: Reflections on Archetypal Images (Ronnberg and Martin 2010) as the main source for interpreting possibly unconscious elements in the artworks. This approach is especially powerful when artists interpret their own artwork—possibly leading to a galvanizing self-discovery as they revisit past encounters, personal highlights, and other pieces of unconscious content that might reveal previously unknown meaning important to their life. By comparing archetypes to the unconscious content in their own lives, people can discover themselves.
Unconscious phenomena were approached on both the theoretical and empirical levels. Different methods and ideas were used to stimulate the author’s unconscious thinking while performing artwork analyses of three paintings: surrealist Salvador Dalí’s (1904–1989) Assumpta Corpuscularia Lapislazulina; abstract expressionist Jackson Pollock’s (1912-1956) The Deep; and one painting by the author herself, and for which the process of painting is videorecorded (www.astagallery.com/academic.html).
With regard to the third painting interpreted, the author is the study subject, and her artistic production is used as an opportunity to explore the unconscious mind. During the act of painting, an attempt is made to free unconscious thinking by fusing Dalí’s and Pollock’s methods as well as by testing multiple other methods. The author’s artistic production was conjoined with use of a technique that is called the verbal protocol method, which generates additional data not necessarily visible in the final artwork. This method unseals the artist’s tacit knowledge, which in normal circumstances remains silent.
In the verbal protocol method, the author, while engaged in the act of painting, speaks aloud the stream of consciousness that accompanies and guides the art-making activity; the recorded and transcribed monologue from the artistic production is supplied, in both Finnish and English, in appendices. This thinking-aloud technique allows a person to become more self-aware and to create more solutions while struggling with emergent artistic problems. Such narratives can reveal more about the painting than the completed artwork alone can convey. Along with the artist’s finished painting and the videorecorded material, narratives produced during the painting activity were interpreted. Moreover, the discoveries arising from the author’s interpretation of her own artwork are correlated with some of the latest research on the unconscious.
This study allows the reader-viewer an intimate glimpse into the author’s subjective painting experience and demonstrates the participation of the unconscious in an artwork’s creation. The interpretations methodology constitutes an interpretation model suitable for other artists and art educators to follow.
Keywords: unconscious, art, archetype, mandalaei tietoa saavutettavuudest
Architecture in tension: an examination of the position of the architect in the private and public sectors, focusing on the training and careers of Sir Basil Spence (1907-1976) and Sir Donald Gibson (1908-1991)
No full textIn the early 1900s tensions began to appear within the architectural profession,
as private practitioners struggled to deal with the implications of professional
colleagues moving into public sector employment. Sir Basil Spence and Sir
Donald Gibson began their architectural training in the mid-1920s and, as
tensions between the sectors intensified, Spence entered private practice and
Gibson chose to enter the public sector. Each became an exemplar of his
chosen sector of the profession and yet both have, until recently, escaped
critical attention. The tensions between the public and private sectors of the
profession have been acknowledged within the historiography, but not received
detailed analysis.
This thesis advances the current historiography by presenting an examination
of the division between the sectors, focusing on the relationship between the
RIBA and the public sector union AASTA and assessing the influence of
AASTA on Gibson's Coventry City Architect's Department.
Through an examination of archival material, contemporary published material,
and buildings, this thesis builds on the work of the Sir Basil Spence Archive
Project, adding detailed accounts of his early life, architectural training, and
RIBA presidency, presenting new information and correcting certain aspects of
the accepted historiography. It likewise presents new information on Gibson's
early life and training and his central role in achieving improved status and
representation for the public sector. An analysis of selected projects provides a
comparative study of their contrasting approaches to architecture: the
technically informed, collaborative team-work of Gibson and the individual
artistry of Spence.
Both men played pivotal roles in reforming the RIBA and in changing public and
professional perceptions of the architect, nevertheless, the long lineage and
complex nature of tensions within the profession meant that the public/private
division was never be bridged and issues of status and representation
remained essentially immutable
Quantifying the Effect of Water Temperature, Soap Volume, Lather Time, and Antimicrobial Soap as a Factor in the Removal of Escherichia coli ATCC 11229 from Hands
No full textThe handwashing literature, while extensive, often contains conflicting data and key variables are understudied or not studied at all. Some handwashing recommendations are made without scientific support, and there is limited agreement between recommendations. The influence of key variables including soap volume, lather time, water temperature, and product formulation on hand wash efficacy was investigated. Baseline conditions were 1 mL of a bland (nonantimicrobial) soap, a 5 s lather time, and 38 °C (100 °F) water temperature. A nonpathogenic strain of Escherichia coli ATCC 11229 served as the challenge microorganism. Twenty volunteers (10 men, 10 women) participated in the study and each test condition had 20 replicates. An antimicrobial soap formulation (1% chloroxylenol, or PCMX) was not significantly different from the bland soap at removing E. coli under a variety of test conditions. Overall, the antimicrobial soap used in this study had a mean 1.94 log CFU reduction (range 1.83 to 2.10 mean log reduction), and bland soap had a mean 2.22 log CFU reduction (range 1.91 to 2.54 mean log CFU reduction). Overall, lather time did significantly influence efficacy in one scenario, in which a 0.5 greater log reduction was observed for a 20 s with bland soap compared to the baseline wash (P=0.020). Water temperature as high as 38°C (100°F) vs. a low of 15°C (60°F) did not have a significant effect on the reduction of bacteria during hand washing, however this resulted in an energy usage difference between the temperatures. No significant differences were observed between mean log reductions of men and women (men= 2.08 mean log reduction, women=2.08 mean log reduction, P=0.988). A large part of the variability in the data observed was between the volunteers. Understanding what behaviors and human factors influence hand washes the most may help future studies find which techniques can optimize the effectiveness of a hand wash.Peer reviewe
Hatchery produced Pacific oyster seed: economic feasibility on cultch in the Pacific Northwest
No full textKwang H. Im, R. Donald Langmo."October 1977."This archived document is maintained by the State Library of Oregon as part of the Oregon Documents Depository Program. It is for informational purposes and may not be suitable for legal purposes.Includes bibliographical references (page 73).Mode of access: Internet from the Oregon Government Publications Collection.Text in English
In the space behind his eyes : Donald R. Stuart : a biography
No full textThe major part of this thesis, In the Space Behind His Eyes, is a biography of Western Australian author, Donald Robert Stuart (1913-1983), a colourful life story woven around accepted and persistent myths found in the Australian psyche. In his childhood, Donald Stuart listened to stories about his Scottish immigrant grandfather finding gold on the Victorian fields and his father\u27s part in the 1891 Queensland Shearers strike. His poverty-stricken, but peaceful, upbringing in suburban Perth, Western Australia, was overtaken by the 1930s Depression and, as a rebellious fourteen-year old, he left home and took to the road. In the next decade or so, as he adopted the north-west outback life, he was exposed further to Australia\u27s traditional yarns and philosophies. He emerged from this period as the outrageous ‘Scorp’ Stuart, who drank too much and took advantage of the freedoms on offer. At the start of World War II, Scorp volunteered for the 2nd AlF. He served in the Middle East and somehow survived three-and-a-half years as a Prisoner of the Japanese, including a time on the infamous Burma-Thailand railway. On his return to Australia, he began to tread the writer\u27s path, supplementing his memories with renewed visits to the outback of his youth and working on yet another railway. Encouraged by his sister and her friends, supported by two of his wives and recognised by the Western Australian writh1g community, Donald R. Stuart played the role of noted author, a construct only possible because of Scorp Stuart\u27s adventures. Calling on these experiences, in eleven novels and many short stories, he set down his record of a particular Australian life. The varying facets of his complex character come together in his writing, notably through his deep love of the land and in his sympathetic examination of the north-west Aborigines\u27 position since white settlement. This biography of a writer sets out to trace the life of Donald Stuart, examine the disparity between Stuart the bushman and Stuart the noted author, and to shed light on the man behind the writing. In the essay following In the Space Behind His Eyes, I explore the biographical form, consider directions the genre has taken in recent years, discuss aspects of biography generally and support choices made in the writing of this biography
Letter from Anna R. Dickey to John Muir, [ca. 1913] Aug 1.
No full text[2]I am not so easily satisfied, and should like the author in person - we shall remain until about the 14th, and then stop a few days at Pine Inn - Carmel. Donald leaves Dubuque today for New Brunswick. He has had fearful heat at Mothers - I\u27m glad I waited for a cooler season-With warmest regards from your friends-in-the-woodsAnna R. DickeyArbolado P.[A.?] Cal.August first.05506https://scholarlycommons.pacific.edu/jmcl/42411/thumbnail.jp
- …
