1,720,954 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
Genetic alterations at the nuclear localization signal of the RB2/p130 gene occur in lymphoid tumor but not in osteosarcoma cell lines
No full textThe retinoblastoma gene (RB/p105) is the prototypic tumor suppressor gene, whose inactivation has been related to several human neoplasia. Based on structural and functional similarity to pRb/p105, the pRb2/p107 and the pRb2/p130 proteins are considered to form the Rb protein family. These nuclear proteins display a cell-cycle-related phosphorylation, form complexes with the E2F family of transcription factors, and act as negative regulators of cell cycle progression, blocking cells in the G1 phase. The Rb proteins present cell-type-specific growth suppressive properties, so that they are considered not functionally redundant, but complementary, pRb2/p130 expression in lung cancer appears inversely related to tumor malignancy and RB2/p130 maps to a chromosome area in which loss of heterozygosity has been found in several human tumors, suggesting an involvement of RB2/ p130 mutation in human carcinogenesis. Taking advantage of the knowledge of the complete genomic sequence of the RB2/p130 gene, the expression and the functional role of pRb2/p130 have been investigated in two clusters of tumor lymphoid and osteosarcoma cell lines. Since all the examined lymphoid tumor cell lines showed pRb2/ p130 localized at the cytoplasm level, while normal lymphocytes and the osteosarcoma cell lines all exhibited an exclusive nuclear localization, possible mutations occurring at the nuclear localization signal (NLS) in the C-terminus of the protein have been screened. The mutations, mainly found at exons 21 and 22, all resulted in the alteration of NLS in lymphoid tumor cell lines, as well as in EBV-positive primary Burkitt's lymphomas. This ruled out the possibility that mutations were a product of cell growth in culture. On the other hand, the point mutations found in exons 19-21 in the osteosarcoma cell lines did not alter the NLS, in agreement with the nuclear localization of pRb2/p 130 in these cells. Besides the loss of functional NLS, the mutations occurring in lymphoid tumor cell lines caused a premature stop codon and a shorter transcription product, as confirmed by Western blot analysis of pRb2/p130 protein, which showed a 116 kD mutant form. The mutations observed in osteosarcoma cells, causing alterations in the two putative phosphorylation sites, resulted in either unphosphorylated or persistent hypophosphorylated forms of the protein. The functional consequences of NLS disruption were analyzed by recreating the NQ point mutations by PCR-based site-directed mutagenesis of the full-length pRb2/p130 protein in an expression vector that drives gene expression by the constitutive CMV promoter. The EGFP fluorescent chimerical protein has been found to be localized at the cytoplasm in transiently transfected osteosarcoma Saos-2 cells that normally show an exclusive nuclear localization when the pRb2/p130 protein has been mutated at both NLS. The effect on cell proliferation of these mutant NLS was determined in transfected Saos-2 cells by FACS analysis and colony assay. The results indicated that only the disruption of both NLS almost completely abolished the growth suppressive activity of pRb/p130 protein and that this effect was not due to the toxicity of the over-expressed protein. In conclusion, the genetic alterations of the RB2/p130 gene found in some primary tumors suggest that, as in case of the RB2/p105 gene, pRb2/p130 is involved in cell cycle control and that it can act as a tumor suppressor gene. Moreover, the non-redundancy of growth-suppressive properties of the Rb protein family is further demonstrated by the presence of specific mutations in the NLS sequences of the pRb2/p130 in lymphoid tumor cells that prevent a nuclear localization of the protein with an obvious loss of its function, while in osteosarcoma cells this can occur by mechanisms affecting the phosphorylation of the protein or its interaction with viral oncoproteins
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