322,823 research outputs found
Non-iterative coherent diffractive imaging using a phase-shifting reference frame
No full textLensless imaging is a high potential and currently intensely targeted research goal, in view of those fields of applications for which aberration-free high-resolution lenses are not available, for example for x-ray imaging. A recently proposed (direct inversion) variant of lensless imaging combines the advantages of two classical routes toward lensless imaging, the high-resolution characteristics of iterative object reconstruction, and the direct and deterministic nature of holographic reconstruction. Here, we use a simple standard optical setup using visible wavelength, a lithographic test object and a phase-shifting reference object to demonstrate the approach. Importantly, we show that a phase-shifting reference object, instead of the absorption mask proposed earlier, is sufficient for object reconstruction. This is relevant in view of the much easier implementation in future x-ray applications
Diffusive author(s), cohesive author: Analysis of S/N (1994)
No full textThis study indicates the ways in which various aspects of the author(s) are brought forth in Dumb type’s performance art, the S/N production. Previous research has suggested a non-hierarchical organization of Dumb type and the absence of a “privileged author” in Dumb type’s collaborative work, S/N. However, the results that I have investigated from member’s interviews on the creative process of S/N along with my analysis of the recorded images of S/N, indicate a different aspect of the author(s). First, S/N was created through, so to speak, the collective ideas of the members of Dumb type. Further, S/N has at least nine quotations from previous performances, installations, and printed writings, besides the work-in-progress technique. Explicating one of the “author functions” as given by Michel Foucault, each text has plural subjects of the author. However, it has been revealed from members’ interviews that Teiji Furuhashi had a decision-making role in selecting the members’ ideas within the performance. Since then, S/N has had plural subjects of creation; however, Furuhashi is one of the subjects of creation along with the “privileged author.” S/N has plural authors (diffusive authors) yet at the same time, it has a “privileged author,” Teiji Furuhashi (cohesive author)
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Deterministično modeliranje ogroženosti zaradi zemeljskih plazov in skalnih podorov
Full text linkThe article presents two deterministic methods for the elaboration of landslide and rock-fall source area maps and, considering human activity in the landscape, for the elaboration of landslide and rockfall risk maps. Risk maps are one of the fundamental bases for protection against natural disasters since they illustrate the risks to areas of human activity due to various natural processes. Using the weighting method and for the first time the matrix method, we established the extent of land-slide and rockfall source areas in the Upper Savinja Valley and the risk due to these processes relative to settlement, roads, land use, and rivers and streams. The methodology for elaborating maps using both approaches is described in detail as well as the differ-ences between them. The basic purpose of risk maps is to direct human encroachment in the landscape to safe areas.Predstavljamo deterministični metodi za izdelavo kart plazovitih in podornih območij ter, 0b upoštevanju človekovega delovanja v pokrajini, za izdelavo kart ogroženosti zaradi zemeljskih plazov in skalnih podorov. Karte ogroženosti so ena od temeljnih podlag za varovanje pred naravnimi nesrečami. Prikazujejo ogroženost območij človekove dejavnosti zaradi različnih naravnih procesov.
Podrobno je opisana metodologija izdelave kart z obema metodama ter razlike med njima. Z metodo ponderiranja in s prvič uporabljeno metodo matrik smo določili obseg plazovitih in podornih območij v Zgornji Savinjski dolini ter ogroženost zaradi teh procesov glede na poselitev, državne ceste, rabo tal in vodotoke. Temeljni namen kart ogroženosti je usmerjanje človekovih posegov v pokrajini na varna območja
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Uporaba daljinskega zaznavanja z brezpilotnimi letalniki za proučevanje skalnih podorov in njihovih vplivov na gozd
No full textIn this research, we investigated the potential of using UAVs to acquire and produce photogrammetric and LiDAR products that can be used in analyses related to rockfall hazard and protection forest. First, we statistically evaluated the use of direct and indirect georeferencing through bundle block adjustment, a digital surface model, and orthomosaics. The results show that indirect georeferencing is more accurate, but direct georeferencing can be used on a representational scale with the potential to be used with only few ground control points (GCPs). Secondly, we compared field measurements of the dimensions and volumes of rock deposits with UAV photogrammetric and LiDAR point cloud measurements. The measurement results were further used as input parameters in a 3D rockfall model to test whether there are differences between the methods that could influence the planning of protection measures. There were no statistically significant differences between the measurement methods between the rock dimensions and volumes as well as for the modeling results of propagation probability and maximum rebound heights. However, large differences exist for modelled maximum kinetic energies. Finally, we used multiband UAV imagery and used it to calculate vegetation indices (VIs) to investigate whether it is possible to identify trees injured due to rockfall impacts, and differentiate between injury groups. The conclusions show that the identification of trees injured by rockfall (both conifer and deciduous tree species) was possible at study sites where rockfall injuries were at least one year old. It was not possible to distinguish between the injury groups in the injured trees, but there was a strong correlation between the VIs and the extent of the injury according to the basal area of the trees.V okviru raziskave smo preučevali možnosti uporabe daljinskega zaznavanja z brezpilotnimi letalniki za pridobivanje in izdelavo fotogrametričnih in LiDAR-izdelkov, ki se lahko uporabljajo pri analizah skalnih podorov in varovalnega gozda. Z namenom preverjanja prve raziskovalne hipoteze smo statistično ovrednotili uporabo neposrednega in posrednega georeferenciranja izravnave blokov fotografij, digitalnega modela površja in ortomozaikov. Rezultati kažejo, da s posrednim georeferenciranjem dosegamo točnejše fotogrametrične izdelke. Vendar pa bi se lahko neposredno georeferenciranje uporabljalo na reprezentativni ravni in v kombinaciji z manjšim številom talnih kontrolnih točk. V primeru druge raziskovalne hipoteze smo primerjali terenske meritve dimenzij in volumnov skalnih blokov z meritvami v fotogrametričnem in lidarskem oblaku točk, da bi preučili ali obstajajo razlike v modeliranju območij skalnih podorov. Med merilnimi metodami ni bilo statistično značilnih razlik pri dimenzijah in volumnih skalnih gmot, kot tudi ne pri modeliranju maksimalnega dosega skalnih blokov in maksimalne višine odboja skalnih gmot. Razlike pa so prisotne v primeru modelirane maksimalne kinetične energije. V okviru tretje raziskovalne hipoteze smo na podlagi multispektralnih posnetkov izračunali vegetacijske indekse in jih uporabili za prepoznavanje dreves, poškodovanih zaradi skalnih podorov. Ugotovili smo, da je poškodovana drevesa mogoče prepoznati tam, kjer so poškodbe stare vsaj eno leto. Razlikovanje med različnimi skupinami poškodb ni bilo mogočeugotovljena pa je bila visoka korelacija med vrednostmi vegetacijskih indeksov in velikostjo poškodbe glede na temeljnico drevesa
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No full textCan archives of audiovisual TV interviews be used to make authors more visible to students, and thereby reduce the learning gap between native and non-native language speakers in college classes? We examined students in a college course who learned about one scholar's ideas through watching an audiovisual TV interview (i.e., visible author format) and about another scholar's ideas through reading a formal text description (i.e., invisible author format). For the invisible author, native language speakers scored significantly higher than the non-native language speakers on a corresponding exam question (i.e., a cognitive measure), generated more words on the exam question (i.e., a motivational measure), and mentioned the author's name more often in answering the exam question (i.e., an affective measure). For the visible author, the groups did not differ on any of these measures. These findings provide evidence for the idea that making the author visible through audiovisual TV interviews can eliminate the learning gap between native and non-native language speakers. 3 Universities around the world serve students who are non-native speakers of th
The vanishing author in computer-generated works: a critical analysis of recent Australian case law
Full text linkAbstract
The use of software is ubiquitous in the creation of many copyright works, yet the requirement in copyright law that every work have a human author who engages in independent intellectual effort means that its use may prevent copyright subsistence. Several recent Australian cases have refocused attention on authorship as an essential criterion of copyright subsistence, and these cases suggest that much computer-produced output may be authorless and thus lack copyright protection. This article, the first in a two-part series, analyses how each case deals with the question of authorship of computer-produced works and why the use of software diminishes copyright protection for a significant number of computer-generated works. The article critiques the application of conventional notions of human authorship developed in the pre-computer age to modern productions and suggests alternative approaches to authorship that satisfy both the major objectives of copyright policy and the need to adapt to the computer age. The article argues that, without a broader judicial approach to authorship of computer-generated works, Parliament must remedy the lacuna in protection for these ‘authorless’ works. Possible solutions for reform are suggested. In a forthcoming article, the author comprehensively examines those reform proposals
The construction of Karen Karnak: The multi-author-function
No full textThis thesis is situated within the comparatively recent developments of Web 2.0 and the emergence of interactive WikiMedia, and explores the mode of authorship within a Read/Write culture compared to that of a Read/Only tradition. The hypothesis of this study is that the role of the audience has become merged with the author, and as such, represents new functions and attributes, distinct from a more conventional concept of authorship, in which the roles of audience and author are more separate. Read/Write and participatory culture, as defined by this study, is focused on collaboration, and includes the influences of D.I.Y. culture, Open-Source practices and the production of text by multiple authors. Multi-authorship presents a re-thinking of several concepts which support the notion of the individual author, since the focus of multi-authorship is not on attribution and ownership of a finished text, but on the continued malleability of a text. Modes of multi-authorship, demonstrated in the use of the pseudonyms Alan Smithee and Karen Eliot, represent declarative authors whose names signify multiple origins, whilst concurrently indicating a distinct body of work. The function of these names form an important context to this study, since primary research involves the construction of an experimental mode of multi-authorship utilising WikiMedia technology and the interaction of thirty nine participants, who are invited to create a body of work under the collective pseudonym Karen Karnak. The data generated by this experiment is analysed using aspects of Michel Foucault's author-function to identify and determine power structures inherent in the WikiMedia context. The interplay of power structures, including concepts such as identity, ownership and the body of work, affect the resulting mode of authorship and contribute to the construction of Karen Karnak, suggesting further areas of research into the emerging multi-author
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