1,720,979 research outputs found
What color for technology in Italy?
No full textColor is strongly relevant to humans, not only because it enables the description and recognition of material objects, but also because it allows to express emotions and life situations, depending on the cultural background. In this work, we study the relationship between color and technology in Italian culture through a questionnaire investigating if and how the color associated to the ideal concepts of domestic appliances, robotics, computers and internet are affected by their color appearance, designs and/or applications. The answers to the questionnaire, given by 58 Italian volunteers with different age, gender and education, show that the technology objects have been related mostly to grey tones, included black and white, while the immaterial concepts of Internet have been often linked to all the visible spectrum of colors
Scoping review on automatic color equalization algorithm
Full text linkDigital image processing is at the base of everyday applications aiding humans in several fields, such as underwater monitoring, analysis of cultural heritage drawings, and medical imaging for computer-aided diagnosis. The starting point of all such application regards the image enhancement step. A desirable image enhancement step should simultaneously standardize the illumination in the image set, possibly removing bad or not-uniform illumination effects, and reveal all hidden details. In 2002, a successful perceptual image enhancement model, the automatic color equalization (ACE) algorithm, was proposed, which mimics the color and contrast adjustment of the human visual system (HVS). Given its widespread usage, its correlation with the HVS, and since it is easily implementable, we propose a scoping review to identify and classify the available evidence on ACE, starting from the papers citing the two funding papers on the algorithm. The aim of this work is the identification of what extent and in which ways ACE may have influenced the research in the color imaging field. Thanks to an accurate process of papers tagging, classification, and validation, we provide an overview of the main application domains in which ACE was successfully used and of the different ways in which this algorithm was implemented, modified, used, or compared
Methods and techniques for Color film restoration
No full textColor restoration, digitization and management requires skills in physics, chemistry, optics, computer science as well as art, psychology, design and visual language. In this heterogeneous context, film restoration is a fascinating field of application which provides to students examples and records of successful (or unsuccessful) multidisciplinary methods and techniques to restore and manage colors through different media. A film can be considered as a content in which color is used to raise emotions or support the storytelling, or can be seen as a container, made of colorants
which age and decay through the years. In the Master course of Color, Design and Technology, we introduce the students to the field of color film restoration, and we guide them through the different techniques and methods to perform the main actions of digitization, retrieval and conservation. Through this approach, we focus on the main
actions to keep under control in order to perform a correct color reproduction and management
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
A cockpit of measures for image quality assessment in digital film restoration
No full textWe present an alternative approach for the quality assessment of the digital restoration of a degraded film. Instead of summarizing the film quality by an unique value, here we propose a set of basic measures that account for different film visual features. These measures describe over time global and local properties of the film, like brightness, contrast, color distribution entropy, color variations and perceptual intra-frame color changes. They are relevant to estimate the level of readability of the visual content of the film and to quantify the perceptual differences between the original and restored film. The measures proposed here are viewed as the parameters showed in a car or airplane cockpit and necessary to control the machine status and performance. The idea of cockpit would like to contribute to the automation of the digital restoration pro- cess and of its evaluation that are currently still performed for the most part manually by video editors and curators and thus often biased by subjective issues
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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