32 research outputs found
Length-Effects in Reliability Analysis of Internal Erosion in Earthen Dikes
No full textIn this master thesis the current Dutch method of combining failure probabilities at different spatial scales is researched. This method is used in the Dutch flood risk analysis of earthen dikes to assess the probability of flooding. Currently, probabilities of flooding for geotechnical failure mechanisms are obtained which are not considered to be realistic. To obtain more realistic results the following steps are researched; the assessment of cross-sections, scaling to dike sections and combining sections to a dike trajectory. The increase of failure probability over increasing length, known as the length-effect, is of importance in the current Dutch method of combining failure probabilities. This research shows the conservatism of the assessment of cross-sectional failure probabilities and offers possibilities to reduce the length-effect within and between dike sections to obtain more realistic results.Civil Engineering | Hydraulic Engineerin
Un roman chansonnier dans les marges du monde arthurien: le 'Roman de la Violette' de Gerbert de Montreuil
No full textGerbert de Montreuil's Roman de la Violette is a XIIIth century text dedicated to Marie, countess of Ponthieu, and belongs to the wager cycle, in which women are falsely accused. The author aims so to glorify women's virtues and is. Using the enchâssement technique of lyric insertions into a narrative, and relating the misadventures of a young couple of heroes, the author inscribes this novel of popular origin in a typical arthurian errance scheme, a solid structure that can support any thematic development. On one hand, the different adventures based on the quête scheme, allow the author to repeatedly question the courtly world and its inhabitants. On the other, lyric insertions chosen in the repertoires of the first and second generation of troubadours and trouvères, voice the characters’ love discourse, creating different effects throughout the text. Gerbert questions both the Arthurian values and traditional courtly rhetoric, and plays with his public by challenging and frustrating their aesthetic expectations, showing a conscious and playful distance from his models. By glorifying his patron and manifesting a strong opposition against any usurpation of the rights on a land—Marie of Ponthieu was a victim of such crime after Bouvines battle—Gerbert stands out in late Medieval literature: behind the mis à mal of certain codes and traditions, one can see his ironic smile.Il Roman de la Violette de Gerbert de Montreuil è un testo dell'inizio del XIII secolo che appartiene al ciclo della scommessa e della donna ingiustamente accusata, volto a glorificare le virtù femminili e dedicato a Maria, contessa di Ponthieu. L'autore, che fa uso la tecnica dell'enchâssement di frammenti lirici nella narrazione, inscrive questo romanzo di origine popolare, incentrato sulle disavventure di una giovane coppia di eroi, in uno schema di erranza tipicamente arturiana, una solida struttura di supporto per lo sviluppo di particolari tematiche. Da un lato quindi il susseguirsi delle varie avventure fondate sul canovaccio narrativo della quête consente all'autore di interrogare a più riprese il mondo della corte e i suoi abitanti. Dall'altro poi, gli inserti lirici che l'autore sceglie nel repertorio di poeti, trovatori e trovieri di prima e seconda generazione, danno voce alla parola amorosa dei personaggi e percorrono il testo suscitando molteplici effetti. L'autore, che interroga perciò al contempo il sistema di valori arturiano e la tradizionale retorica cortese, alimenta un gioco sottile e complice con il suo pubblico, fondato sul rinnovamento di un orizzonte d'attesa costantemente disatteso, con una distanza cosciente e divertita dai suoi modelli. Così, glorificando la sua mecenate e manifestando una viva opposizione contro qualsiasi usurpazione legata alla terra, cosa di cui Maria di Ponthieu era stata vittima dopo la battaglia di Bouvines, Gerbert esprime con il suo romanzo una posizione originale sulla letteratura del suo tempo perché spesso, dietro la mise à mal di alcuni codici e tradizioni, si intravede il suo sorriso ironico
A lyric novel at the margins of the Arthurian world : Gerbert`s de Montreuil Roman de la Violette
No full textLe Roman de la Violette de Gerbert de Montreuil est un récit du début du XIIIe siècle appartenant au cycle de la gageure et de la femme injustement accusée, voué à la glorification des vertus féminines et dédié à Marie, comtesse de Ponthieu. L'auteur, qui pratique la technique de l'enchâssement d'insertions lyriques dans la narration, inscrit ce conte d'origine populaire, qui relate les mésaventures d'un couple de héros, dans le cadre d'une errance typiquement arthurienne, une charpente solide permettant de développer des thématiques particulières. D'une part, le déploiement de différentes aventures, qui se fonde sur le canevas narratif de la quête, permet à l'auteur d'interroger de manière réitérée le monde de la cour et ses habitants. D'autre part, les fragments lyriques qu'il emprunte aux poètes, troubadours et trouvères de première et de deuxième génération, donnent voix à la parole amoureuse des personnages et traversent le récit tout en produisant des effets variés. L'auteur, qui interroge en parallèle le système de valeurs arthurien et la rhétorique courtoise traditionnelle, met en place un jeu subtil et complice avec son public, fondé sur le renouvellement d'un horizon d'attente constamment déjoué, avec une distance consciente et amusée par rapport à ses modèles. Ainsi, tout en manifestant son opposition à l'usurpation de toute terre, dont Marie de Ponhtieu avait été victime après la bataille de Bouvines, et glorifiant ainsi son mécène, Gerbert exprime avec ce roman une position originale et inattendue sur la littérature de son temps : à plusieurs reprises, derrière la mise à mal de certains codes et traditions, l'on entrevoit son sourire ironique.Gerbert de Montreuil's Roman de la Violette is a XIIIth century text dedicated to Marie, countess of Ponthieu, and belongs to the wager cycle, in which women are falsely accused. The author aims so to glorify women's virtues and is. Using the enchâssement technique of lyric insertions into a narrative, and relating the misadventures of a young couple of heroes, the author inscribes this novel of popular origin in a typical arthurian errance scheme, a solid structure that can support any thematic development. On one hand, the different adventures based on the quête scheme, allow the author to repeatedly question the courtly world and its inhabitants. On the other, lyric insertions chosen in the repertoires of the first and second generation of troubadours and trouvères, voice the characters’ love discourse, creating different effects throughout the text. Gerbert questions both the Arthurian values and traditional courtly rhetoric, and plays with his public by challenging and frustrating their aesthetic expectations, showing a conscious and playful distance from his models. By glorifying his patron and manifesting a strong opposition against any usurpation of the rights on a land!Marie of Ponthieu was a victim of such crime after Bouvines battle!Gerbert stands out in Medieval literature : behind the mis à mal of certain codes and traditions, one can see his ironic smile
Hoogwater 2021: Feiten en Duiding
No full textIn juli 2021 zijn grote delen van Limburg getroffen door hevige regenval en overstromingen. Ook delen van België en Duitsland overstroomden met zeer veel schade en verlies aan mensenlevens tot gevolg. Dit betrof een extreme en ongeëvenaarde gebeurtenis met enorme impact. Daarom is naar aanleiding van de overstromingen deze verkenning uitgevoerd om een eerste stap te maken om beschikbare informatie over deze gebeurtenis te verzamelen en analyseren. Het onderzoek is uitgevoerd door een breed consortium (TU Delft, Deltares, HKV Lijn in Water, VU Amsterdam, Universiteit Utrecht, KNMI, WUR, Erasmus MC en Universiteit Twente) in opdracht van het Expertise Netwerk Waterveiligheid (ENW). Een overstroming heeft effect op de hele maatschappij. Daarom zijn niet alleen hydrologische en civieltechnische onderwerpen beschouwd, maar ook de maatschappelijke gevolgen van overstromingen, de crisisrespons en de gezondheidseffecten.Contributors (in alphabetical order): Nathalie Asselman (Deltares), Hermjan Barneveld (HKV / Wageningen UR), Jules Beersma (KNMI), Eline Boelee (Deltares), Wouter Botzen (VU Amsterdam), Eefke Copper (TU Delft), Dim Coumou (KNMI), Karin de Bruijn (Deltares), Anniek de Jong (Deltares), Jurjen de Jong (Deltares), Hans de Moel (VU Amsterdam), Ferdinand Diermanse (Deltares), Astrid Fischer (Evides) , Gert-Jan Geerling (Deltares), Marie-Louise Geurts (WML), Rob Groenland (KNMI), Mark Hegnauer (Deltares), Bas Jonkman (TU Delft), Nicole Jungermann (KNMI), Frans Klijn (Deltares), Andre Koelewijn (Deltares), Matthijs Kok (HKV / TU Delft), Elco Koks (VU Amsterdam), Bas Kolen (HKV / TU Delft), Marion Koopmans (Erasmus MC), Laurens Leunge (Deltares), Hans Middelkoop (Utrecht University), Roelof Moll (TU Delft), Jaap Mos (Dunea), Sjoukje Philip (KNMI), Gerbert Pleijter (HKV), Joost Pol (HKV / TU Delft), Stephan Rikkert (TU Delft), Guus Rongen (TU Delft), Rinus Scheele (KNMI), Julius Schlumberger (TU Delft), Peter Siegmund (KNMI), Kymo Slager (Deltares), Frederiek Sperna Weiland (Deltares), Bart Strijker (HKV / TU Delft), Henk v.d. Brink (KNMI), Janko van Beek (Erasmus MC), Marion van den Bulk (TU Delft), Bart van den Hurk (Deltares), Tim van Emmerik (Wageningen UR), Kees van Ginkel (VU Amsterdam / Deltares), Mick van Haren (TU Delft), Margreet van Marle (Deltares), Malou van Schaijk (TU Delft), Dennis Wagenaar (Nanyang TU), Davide Wüthrich (TU Delft)Hydraulic Structures and Flood RiskSafety and Security ScienceCoastal Engineerin
Horologium Gerberta z Remeše a časová klimata v raném středověku
No full textVěhlas Gerberta z Remeše (jako papež Silvestr II.) je již od středověku tradován zejména v přímé vazbě s jeho studiem quadrivia ve Španělsku. Tato studie se zabývá problematikou měření času podle Gerberta a snaží se ukázat, že základní koncepce a znalosti, kterých Gerbert k měření času užívá, jsou takřka výhradně převzaty z latinské (převážně) encyklopedické tradice, s výjimkou díla De utilitatibus astrolabii, které je někdy Gerbertovi připisováno, v němž jsou recipovány arabské i latinské zdroje. Nejprve jsou popsány zmínky o Gerbertově konstrukci horologií (část I), následně je představen Gerbertův dopis bratru Adamovi (část II), následuje vymezení základních pojmů – den, noc, rovnoměrná a nerovnoměrná hodina apod. podle latinské tradice i podle spisu De utilitatibus astrolabii (část III), popisy časových pásem podle latinských autorit, včetně řeckého původu těchto paralelních zón (části IV a V) a časová pásma podle nejstarších arabských astrolábů a spisu De utilitatibus astrolabii (část VI), návody k určení přítomnosti v určitém klimatu podle Gerbertova dopisu a spisu De utilitatibus astrolabii (část VII) a pokusy o vysvětlení některých dalších detailů z Gerbertova dopisu Adamovi (část VIII).The fame of Gerbert of Rheims (as a pope Sylvester II.) is since middle ages connected mainly with his study of quadrivium in Spain. This paper deals with timekeeping according to Gerbert and wants to show that the ground of his conceptions and knowledge is almost certainly adopted from the tradition of Latin encyclopedists, excluding the treatise De utilitatibus astrolabii (sometimes attributed to Gerbert), which used Arabic and Latin sources. Firstly mentions of Gerbert\u27s constructions of horology is described (part I), then Gerbert\u27s letter to brother Adam is introduced (part II), afterwards basic timekeeping’s terms (day, night, equal and unequal hour etc.) is defined according to Latin tradition and according to author of De utilitatibus astrolabii (part III), after that follows descriptions of time zones according to Latin authorities, including Greek origin of this parallel circles (parts IV and V) and the same topic according to the oldest Arabic astrolabes and according to author of De utilitatibus astrolabii (part VI), then follows instructions for recognition of actual zone according to letter written by Gerbert and according to author of De utilitatibus astrolabii (part VII), and finally this text attempts to clarify some details of Gerbert\u27s letter to Adam (part VIII)
THE SONG OF EVERLASTING SORROW: WANG ANYI'S TALE OF SHANGHAI
No full textABSTRACT The 2008 publication of the English version of The Song of Everlasting Sorrow - a Novel of Shanghai, translated by Michael Berry and Susan Chan Egan, brought some well-deserved attention to Wang Anyi, an important contemporary Chinese author who had, hitherto, been relatively unknown among Western readers. Since then, her reputation has grown. This thesis explores the life and writings of Wang Anyi, focusing on her major work, The Song of Everlasting Sorrow, which won the author the prestigious Mao Dun literary award in China. The novel is an attempt by the author to capture the spirit of the city of Shanghai over a span of more than four decades. It focuses primarily on the life story of Wang Qiyao, a former Miss Shanghai, who embodies the values and represents the changes undergone by the city during a turbulent time in its history. One of the aims of this paper is to analyze the subtextual meaning of "the everlasting sorrow" of the title, an understanding of which is, in fact, critical to the complete understanding of the story. In addition, the thesis also aims to unravel the myth surrounding the literary ties between the famous Shanghai Style Chinese author Zhang Ailing and the younger Wang Anyi. By tracing the origin of the book title, The Song of Everlasting Sorrow, and focusing on the central message of the book, the thesis argues that the subtextual meaning of the title cannot possibly refer to what the protagonist of the book feels regarding her life, but rather refers to the author's feelings of sorrow as she contemplates the fate of Shanghai in the face of the growing materialism of the twentieth century. The thesis also focuses on an analytical study of Zhang Ailing's novella, Sealed Off, comparing it with Wang Anyi's, The Song of Everlasting Sorrow, and concludes that, although there may be some superficial similarities between the two writers, in the end, Wang Anyi's literary background, her attitude toward writing and her style are simply too different from Zhang Ailing's own for Wang to be considered Zhang's "Shanghai Style" heir apparent
Lessons learned from Evacuation and Emergency Measures during the summer 2021 floods in the Netherlands.
No full textIn July 2021 catastrophic flooding has occurred in the south of the Netherlands, Belgium, Germany and Luxembourg. During this event various evacuation notices have been issued in the Netherlands. Over 50.000 inhabitants received the call to evacuate mainly along the Dutch parts of the River Meuse and tributary rivers as the Geul. In this paper, we will therefor chronicle the events related to evacuation and emergency measures, in order to draw lessons for future planning of emergency response related to flooding in the Netherlands. We have identified the relation with warning, different types of evacuation and discuss the role of forecasts.
 
Gerbert de Metz: Edition et étude du début de la version longue de Gerbert de Metz d’après les manuscrits W (Bancroft Library, Berkeley 140), D (Paris, Bibl. Nationale de France, fr. 1461) et J (Montpellier, Bibl. de l’Ecole de Médecine, n°243) de la Geste des Loherains.
No full textThe edition consists in a transcription of the verses mentioned above taken from the manuscripts W (Bancroft Library, Berkeley 140), D (Paris, BNF, fr. 1461) et J (Montpellier, Bibl. de l’Ecole de Médecine, 243). The whole transcription totalizes 13,102 verses. W has been chosen as the source manuscript and D as the backing manuscript (these two manuscripts, since they are giving similar lessons are facing one another in order to make comparisons easier for the reader) ; J, more inaccurate than DW comes last in an appendix and can also be used as a witness manuscript each time the lessons make it possible. Each manuscript is described but only W is studied with more attention in the introduction. Its study consists in an analysis of versification, of the language of the author and its copy. It also consists in a short literary analysis aimed at revealing differences between the long version of Gerbert that we partly edited and that of P. Taylor. The transcription of the two manuscripts is followed by explanatory notes for DW, an index for proper nouns and the glossary of W.L’édition consiste en une transcription du passage cité ci-dessus des manuscrits W (Bancroft Library, Berkeley 140), D (Paris, BNF, fr. 1461) et J (Montpellier, Bibl. de l’Ecole de Médecine, 243), la transcription réunissant un total de 13102 vers. W a été choisi pour texte de base, D pour texte d’appui (ces deux manuscrits, qui proposent des leçons concordantes, figurent en vis-à-vis pour en faciliter la lecture comparative) ; J, plus fautif que DW est édité à leur suite en annexe et sert lui aussi, chaque fois que ses leçons le permettent, de manuscrit témoin. Chaque manuscrit est décrit, mais seul W est étudié plus précisément en introduction. Son étude consiste en une analyse de la versification, de la langue de l’auteur et de la copie, en une courte analyse littéraire visant à établir les différences entre la version longue de Gerbert que nous avons partiellement éditée et celle de P. Taylor. La transcription des manuscrits est suivie de notes explicatives pour DW, de l’index des noms propres de DW, et du glossaire de W
Bakhtinian Dialogic and Vygotskian Dialectic: Compatabilities and contradictions in the classroom?
No full textThis article explores two central notions of ‘dialectics’ and ‘dialogics’ based on the work of Vygotsky (drawing on philosophers such as Hegel, Spinoza, Engels and Marx) and Bakhtin (drawing on members of the Bakhtin Circle and writers such as Dostoevsky and Rabelais) respectively, as well their varying interanimations within Stalin-Marxist Russian society. It is proposed that these two positions are incommensurably located alongside one another in contemporary education. I argue that Bakhtin offers diametrically oppositional educational provocations to those of Vygotsky. The implications of these interpretations will be explored with consideration of their underlying philosophical incompatibilities and contradictions, as well as the opportunities such a consideration pose for educational practice today
