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Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
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Stanley Cavell
No full textStanley Cavell is the only major American philosopher who has made the subject
of film a central part of his work. Film has figured centrally in four of his books and
in numerous essays and occasional pieces. He has also reflected, philosophically, on
other artistic media, such as theater, television, and opera, which bear an intimate
relationship to film. To many philosophers, however, the relation of Cavell’s writings
on film to his explicitly philosophical writings remains perplexing. And within the field
of film study, the potential usefulness of Cavell’s writings – the potential usefulness of
philosophy as he understands and practices it – remains generally unrecognized.
Cavell’s philosophical perspective diverges in virtually every respect from the
succession of theoretical positions that have gained most prominence in the field.
Within academic film study, for example, it remains an all but unquestioned doctrine
that “classical” movies systematically subordinate women, and, more generally, that
movies are pernicious ideological representations to be decoded and resisted, not
treated as works of art capable of instructing us as to how to view them. Film students
are generally taught that in order to learn to think seriously about film, they must
break their attachments to the films they love. Cavell’s writings on film, by contrast,
bespeak
a sense of gratitude for the existence of the great and still-enigmatic art of
film, whose history is punctuated as that of no other, by works, small and
large, that have commanded the devotion of audiences of all classes, of
virtually all ages, and of all spaces around the world in which a projector has
been mounted and a screen set up. (Cavell 2005: 281)
It remains another largely unquestioned doctrine of academic film study that the
stars projected on the movie screen are “personas,” discursive ideological constructs,
not real people; that the world projected on the screen is itself an ideological
construct, not real; and, indeed, that the so-called real world is such a construct, too.
By providing convincing alternatives to such skeptical positions, Cavell’s writings on
film are capable of helping academic film study free itself to explore regions that have
remained closed to it – capable of inspiring the field to think in exciting new ways
about film and its history
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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