130,416 research outputs found
Mapping the literature on surveillance capitalism: Towards an empirical research agenda
No full textSurveillance capitalism (SC) — as intended by Shoshana Zuboff — is a fairly recent concept, but it has already attracted the attention of many scholars from various fields within social sciences. Despite this interest, a comprehensive review of the available literature on this concept is lacking. To address this gap, we systematically mapped the contributions on SC. Working on a database of 486 papers downloaded from Scopus and Web of Science, we conducted descriptive statistics to analyze the distribution of contributions over the years, the most cited works, the predominant approaches (i.e., theoretical, empirical, methodological, etc.), and the co-occurrence of keywords. Additionally, we performed a close reading of a purposive sample of 50 articles. Our analysis revealed that empirical works remain limited compared to theoretical contributions. Furthermore, both theoretical and empirical papers often lacked a specific focus on the value(s) of data, with many scholars concentrating on surveillance, privacy, and big data. Building on these findings, we propose “future research directions” to guide and inspire empirical research on SC and to better address matters of value. Specifically, we identified four main directions: “privacy and beyond”, “big data and their relation to digital platforms”, “surveillance and the culture of surveillance”, and “platformization of consumer culture”. For each “direction”, we discuss ad hoc methodological implications and strategies
Digital sovereignty or sovereignism? Investigating the political discourse on digital contact tracing apps in France
No full textIn the early months of the COVID-19 pandemic, European countries implemented several non-pharmaceutical interventions with country-specific policies and reduced coordination. Digital Contact Tracing (DCT) was one of the few interventions on which European countries had a common approach oriented toward DCT apps’ interoperability. As most EU countries implemented interoperable apps relying on an Apple and Google’s framework, France developed the app autonomously. Recent literature argues that France’s choice was mainly due to its strong stance in defense of national digital sovereignty. However, current contributions do not largely cover the issue empirically. Therefore, we aim to better explore the role played by digital sovereignty in the political debate related the development of DCT apps. To do so, we conducted a thematic analysis of 16 documents from France’s political bodies, selected from a larger corpus of 438 documents dealing with DCT. Three main relevant dimensions related to digital sovereignty emerge. First, the initially sponsored EU interoperability progressively faded in the French political debate. Then, Apple and Google’s involvement in the healthcare domain was perceived as highly problematic. Finally, having national players developing the DCT app was largely preferred. Based on our empirical findings, we further engaged with the concept of digital sovereignty, pointing out its difference from digital sovereignism by highlighting the ontological distinction between practices and ideas. Building on these reflections, we argue that France’s stance towards DCT and the related digital sovereignty practices subtended digital sovereignism positions
Comparision beteween two populations of bleak Alburnus alburnus (L.) (Osteicthyes, Cyprinidae) of the Friulan low plain (North-eastern Italy) and of the Danube basin (North-Eastern Croatia) on morphological and genetical basis.
No full textDistribuzione ed abbondanza dei macroinvertebrati bentonici in un tratto del Rio Bianco (Tarvisio, Alpi Giulie)
No full textIn questo lavoro viene descritta la distribuzione e l’abbondanza dei macroinvertebrati bentonici in un tratto del Rio Bianco (Bacino del Torrente Slizza). Il tratto analizzato si trova nei pressi di San Antonio Oltreacqua (Tarvisio). All’interno del tratto sono stati analizzati quattro punti, caratterizzati da differente morfologia degli habitat acquatici (rapide, buche). Campioni quantitativi di macroinvertebrati bentonici sono stati raccolti stagionalmente, fra il luglio 2003 e il maggio 2004.
Gli organismi raccolti sono prevalentemente Insetti, appartenenti agli orsini Plecoptera, Ephemeroptera, Trichoptera e Diptera. Lo studio della comunità macrozoobentonica, nelle diverse stagioni, ha consentito di stabilire che, le variazioni della composizione e biomassa totale della comunità, sono simili nei punti a corrente veloce, mentre differiscono nell’unico punto dove la corrente è lenta. Questo suggerisce l’importanza della scelta dei tratti assunti come rappresentativi per studi di carattere ecologico. La complessità morfologica dei torrenti alpini sembra determinare la distribuzione e l’abbondanza dei macroinvertebrati bentonici e dovrebbe esser presa in considerazione nella stima della biomassa media di un tratto torrentizio montano
Osservazioni sull'alimentazione di Salmo trutta trutta Linneaeus, 1758 in un torrente alpino ( Alpi Giulie, Nord Est Italia) in relazione alla presenza di macroinvertebrati nell'ambiente naturale
No full textEvaluating the impact of a peer-education digital literacy course on older adults' digital skills and wellbeing: a mixed-methods study protocol
No full textThe digital transition poses relevant challenges and opportunities for older adults
in aging European societies. To unleash the potential of the digital transition
in old age and avoid the risk of exclusion, digital education for older adults
seems to be a valuable solution. One of the most suitable approaches to digital
education for older adults appears to be the peer-to-peer approach. However,
not much literature is available on this topic. Within the ACTIVE-IT project, we
aimed to design, implement, and evaluate a digital peer education course for
older adults, focusing specifically on the use of smartphones and daily utility
apps, such as mailing, e-Gov, and e-commerce. The purpose of this contribution
is to document the protocol adopted to evaluate the course. The course involved
32 participants aged 65 or older, who, between March 2024 and June 2024,
divided into three groups, attended a 10-lesson weekly course taught by a peer.
We aim to measure the
MeSH term explosion and author rank improve expert recommendations
No full textInformation overload is an often-cited phenomenon that reduces the productivity, efficiency and efficacy of scientists. One challenge for scientists is to find appropriate collaborators in their research. The literature describes various solutions to the problem of expertise location, but most current approaches do not appear to be very suitable for expert recommendations in biomedical research. In this study, we present the development and initial evaluation of a vector space model-based algorithm to calculate researcher similarity using four inputs: 1) MeSH terms of publications; 2) MeSH terms and author rank; 3) exploded MeSH terms; and 4) exploded MeSH terms and author rank. We developed and evaluated the algorithm using a data set of 17,525 authors and their 22,542 papers. On average, our algorithms correctly predicted 2.5 of the top 5/10 coauthors of individual scientists. Exploded MeSH and author rank outperformed all other algorithms in accuracy, followed closely by MeSH and author rank. Our results show that the accuracy of MeSH term-based matching can be enhanced with other metadata such as author rank
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
No full textThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Seasonal and multi-annual patterns of Phragmites australis decomposition in a wetland of the Adriatic area (Northeast Italy): a three-years analysis
No full textWetlands are one of the most biologically productive ecosystems, in which reedbeds of Phragmites australis are an essentially detritus-based system where litter decomposition is a fundamental process. This study represents a three year dataset describing cyclic trends of Phragmites australis leaf litter breakdown in a temporary and managed environment. For three years, 45 days field experiments were seasonally performed, using leaf bag technique within a large managed temporary pond (Natural Reserve of the Isonzo River Mouth, Northeast Italy), in order to analyze spatial and temporal variation in decomposition processes, to search for patterns on seasonal and inter-annual time scale and to infer the relevance of the main environmental features (physical and chemical) on decomposition dynamic. During the three years of analysis, decay rates (k) ranges were 0.0066–0.0075 days-1 in autumn, 0.0108–0.0158 days-1 in spring and k = 0.0168 days-1 in summer. Average mass loss per day % range was 0.97–1.31% in autumn, 1.12–2.04% in spring and 1.79–2.06% in summer. A well-defined seasonal cycle was observed through the study years as result of the drought-reflooding dynamic and the highest percentage (91.1%) of the average mass loss per day % variability was explained above all by rainfall, temperature and conductivity
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