1,721,117 research outputs found
Décentralisation P.-J. Laurent, A. Nyamba, F. Dasseto, B. Ouedraogo et P. Sebahara (sous la dir. de), Décentralisation et citoyenneté au Burkina-Faso : le cas de Ziniaré
No full textPiveteau Alain. Décentralisation P.-J. Laurent, A. Nyamba, F. Dasseto, B. Ouedraogo et P. Sebahara (sous la dir. de), Décentralisation et citoyenneté au Burkina-Faso : le cas de Ziniaré. In: Tiers-Monde, tome 46, n°181, 2005. Décentralisation et développement local : un lien à repenser, sous la direction de Alain Dubresson et Yves-André Fauré. pp. 232-235
Quand les Sud investissent dans les Sud
No full textL'essor des relations d'investissement Sud-Sud constitue un fait structurel majeur, porteur de singularités en terme de pratiques et de stratégies d'acteurs, de transformation des espaces d'accueil, de transferts technologiques et de normes ou de convergence avec le processus de régionalisation. Dans des domaines aussi différents que l'industrie, l'agriculture, l'extraction des ressources minérales, le commerce, les infrastructures publiques et les communications, ce numéro d'Autrepart étudie des cas d'investissement Sud-Sud en provenance de grands pays émergents (Chine, Inde, Brésil, Afrique du Sud) et d'autres, moins visibles sur la scène économique internationale, comme Maurice, l'Egypte et les Etats du Golfe. Au-delà des effets d'horizontalité liés à la proximité géographique et/ou organisationnelle entre les pays, il montre que la relation d'investissement Sud-Sud peut renforcer les pôles émergents, contribuer à l'intégration de certaines marges territoriales et atténuer la vulnérabilité des économies récipiendaires. Et si ces dynamiques favorisent parfois les innovations fondées sur la frugalité, elles portent aussi les contradictions internes des capitalismes émergents
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Central bank independence : the case of the central bank of Mauritania
No full textDepuis leur émergence, les banques centrales ont évolué pour devenir des acteurs clés de la construction économique. Leur indépendance est souvent présentée comme une nécessité pour protéger les politiques monétaires des influences politiques à court terme. Cependant, cette vision reste essentiellement fondée sur une conception marchande de la monnaie, ignorant son caractère profondément institutionnel, social et politique. Cette thèse explore donc les dynamiques de la monnaie, des banques centrales, et des ordres sociaux, avec un accent particulier sur la Mauritanie. L'objectif principal est de comprendre comment les systèmes monétaires, la politique économique, et les institutions évoluent au fil du temps et dans différents contextes sociaux. Le fil conducteur de cette recherche est l'idée que l'État moderne et les banques centrales jouent un rôle central dans la transition entre les systèmes sociaux fondés sur des relations personnelles caractérisés par une circulation des biens et services via les relations personnelles et ceux basés sur des relations impersonnelles, caractérisées par l'économie de marché. C’est une thèse d’économie politique de la monnaie qui couvre un large éventail de sujets, incluant l'indépendance des banques centrales, les luttes politiques et économiques autour de la souveraineté monétaire, et l'impact des institutions sur la transformation des sociétés. En adoptant une approche pluridisciplinaire, cette thèse cherche à montrer comment les banques centrales agissent comme des institutions de verrouillage du dispositif institutionnel indispensable au fonctionnement de l'économie de marché. Le cadre théorique repose sur l'idée que la monnaie et les banques centrales sont au cœur de la construction sociale et économique moderne. L'indépendance des banques centrales, bien que souvent perçue comme un principe récent, trouve en réalité ses racines dans des périodes antérieures à la suppression des accords de Bretton Woods. Toutefois, la question de l’indépendance des banques centrales ne peut être appréhendée uniquement du point de vue des relations gouvernement-banque centrale. Elle doit être considérée dans un contexte plus large, qui inclut les forces internes (acteurs privés) et externes ((institutions financières internationales, marchés financiers) ainsi que leurs tentatives d’appropriation de l’institution monétaire. Cette thèse se penche également sur le cas particulier de la Mauritanie, une société tribale où les relations personnelles jouent encore un rôle important dans l’économie. La greffe des institutions de l’ordre impersonnel, telles que les banques centrales, sur une structure sociale où prédominent les relations personnelles, crée un ordre semi-impersonnel. Ce processus met en lumière les défis que rencontre la greffe des institutions de l’ordre impersonnel sur l’ordre personnel.Since their emergence, central banks have evolved into key players in economic development. Their independence is often portrayed as essential to shielding monetary policies from short-term political influences. However, this view is primarily rooted in a market-based understanding of money, neglecting its deeply institutional, social, and political nature. This thesis explores the dynamics of money, central banks, and social orders, focusing particularly on Mauritania. The main objective is to understand how monetary systems, economic policies, and institutions evolve over time and in different social contexts. The central theme of this research is the idea that the modern state and central banks play a crucial role in the transition between social systems based on personal relations—where goods and services circulate through personal networks—and those based on impersonal relations, characterized by a market economy. This is a political economy thesis on money, covering a wide range of topics, including central bank independence, political and economic struggles around monetary sovereignty, and the impact of institutions on social transformation. By adopting a multidisciplinary approach, the thesis aims to demonstrate how central banks act as institutional lock-in mechanisms essential for the functioning of a market economy. The theoretical framework is based on the idea that money and central banks are at the heart of modern social and economic construction. While central bank independence is often seen as a recent principle, its roots can be traced back to periods before the dismantling of the Bretton Woods system. However, the question of central bank independence cannot be understood solely through government-central bank relations. It must be viewed in a broader context that includes internal forces (private actors) and external forces (international financial institutions, financial markets) and their attempts to appropriate the monetary institution.The thesis also examines the specific case of Mauritania, a tribal society where personal relationships still play a significant role in the economy. The grafting of impersonal order institutions, such as central banks, onto a social structure dominated by personal relationships creates a semi-impersonal order. This process highlights the challenges of integrating impersonal order institutions into a personal order framework
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