192 research outputs found
Beyond “noun classes”. Gender and deriflection in two Kulango variants of Côte d’Ivoire
Get PDFAbandoning the classical philological concept of “noun classes”, the author aims to analyze and describe the mechanisms characterizing the gender systems of two variants of Kulango applying the model proposed by Tom Güldemann and Ines Fiedler (2019) based on the concepts of agreement (AGR), gender, nominal form (NF) and deriflection (classes).
Kulango is a Gur language spoken in the north-eastern territories of Côte d’Ivoire. The two variants considered in this paper are the one spoken in the prefecture of Bouna (Elders 2008) and the one spoken in the sub-prefecture of Nassian (Micheli 2007). Both variants are based on number inflection systems indicating complex SG/PL number features, through specific NFs attached to the lexical basis as suffixes. In the variant of Bouna there are some examples of NFs for transnumeral nouns, which do not occur in the variant of Nassian.
The gender system presents instead a simple animate/inanimate pattern, as it is the case in Akan (the major Potou-Akanic language), as described in Güldemann and Fiedler 2019:114-121.
Agreement in qualitative adjectives seems to be lacking in the variant of Nassian, except for some small traces in color adjectives, while it seems to be present and productive in the variant of Bouna. In any case, the triggered element (i.e. the adjective) is influenced by the animate/inanimate gender of the head noun rather than by its NF. Comparing the data emerging from the analysis of the two Kulango variants, it results evident, specifi- cally from table 2, that the dialect of Nassian, presents a quite larger degree of simplifi- cation with respect to the dialect of Bouna. This is probably due to the fact that the sub- prefecture of Nassian lays in a buffer region between the territory of the Kulango kingdom of Bouna and the lands occupied by the Akan kingdom of Gyaman with which cultural and economical networks must have been historically stronger with a consequent higher influence
Tokenização de imóveis no Brasil: desafios e oportunidades para o direito
Get PDFThe article addresses property tokenization, which is the transformation of a property into a digital token, and the challenges and opportunities that this technology brings to Real Estate Law and how to ensure that digital tokens actually represent the property in question and avoid fraud. . The article aims to present the challenges and opportunities of property tokenization for Real Estate Law, as well as discuss possible solutions to guarantee the legal security of this technology. Real estate tokenization is a technology that can bring many benefits to the real estate market, such as cost reduction and greater asset liquidity. However, it is necessary to guarantee the legal security of this technology to avoid fraud and losses to investors. Real estate tokenization is a promising technology for the real estate market, but legal security standards need to be established to guarantee the reliability of digital tokens. It is important that Real Estate Law follows technological changes and adapts to them to ensure the protection of investors and the security of the real estate market as a whole.O artigo aborda a tokenização de imóveis, que é a transformação de um imóvel em um token digital, e os desafios e oportunidades que essa tecnologia traz para o Direito Imobiliário e como garantir que os tokens digitais representam de fato o imóvel em questão e evitem fraudes. O artigo tem como objetivo apresentar os desafios e oportunidades da tokenização de imóveis para o Direito Imobiliário, bem como discutir as possíveis soluções para garantir a segurança jurídica dessa tecnologia. A tokenização de imóveis é uma tecnologia que pode trazer muitos benefícios para o mercado imobiliário, como a redução de custos e a maior liquidez dos ativos. No entanto, é necessário garantir a segurança jurídica dessa tecnologia para evitar fraudes e prejuízos aos investidores. A tokenização de imóveis é uma tecnologia promissora para o mercado imobiliário, mas é necessário que sejam estabelecidos padrões de segurança jurídica para garantir a confiabilidade dos tokens digitais. É importante que o Direito Imobiliário acompanhe as mudanças tecnológicas e se adapte a elas para garantir a proteção dos investidores e a segurança do mercado imobiliário como um todo
Análise da regulamentação e responsabilização das Big Techs
Get PDFThis monograph analyzes the functioning of Big Techs, highlighting how data personal resources have become the main raw material and source of monetization for these companies. The study addresses the evolution of regulation of the processing of personal data in Brazil and in abroad, with emphasis on the General Data Protection Law (LGPD) and the General Regulation of Data Protection (GDPR). The research starts from the problem of power asymmetry between large technology companies and users, which results in frequent privacy violations and fundamental rights. Furthermore, considering the prematurity of the standards, we seek examine how these companies are being held responsible in cases of violation of data protection in the digital environment and reflect on the legislative mechanisms that make it possible to mitigate the imbalance between companies and users.A presente monografia analisa o funcionamento das Big Techs, destacando como os dados pessoais se tornaram a principal matéria-prima e fonte de monetização dessas empresas. O estudo aborda a evolução da regulamentação do tratamento de dados pessoais no Brasil e no exterior, com destaque para a Lei Geral de Proteção de Dados (LGPD) e o Regulamento Geral de Proteção de Dados (RGPD). A pesquisa parte do problema da assimetria de poder entre grandes empresas de tecnologia e usuários, que resulta em violações frequentes da privacidade e direitos fundamentais. Além disso, considerando a prematuridade das normas, busca-se examinar como vem ocorrendo a responsabilização dessas empresas nos casos de violação à proteção de dados no ambiente digital e refletir sobre os mecanismos legislativos que possibilitam atenuar o desequilíbrio entre as empresas e os usuários
Relativização da prevalência da família natural sobre a substituta em face do melhor interesse da criança e do adolescente
Get PDFThe main objective of this article is to examine how legislation and jurisprudence address the situation in which a child or adolescent is kept in a foster family, as well as to analyze the legal criteria for the suspension and removal of family power. Understand the legal and social implications of these interventions, discussing improvements in the adoption processes, considering the best interests of the child and adolescent, in accordance with the adoption procedure set out in Law 8,069/90, due to the importance of protecting the property -being with your children, even if it means abandoning your biological family. Given the importance. of a safe and favorable environment for the development of children and adolescents, which is often found in foster families.O presente artigo tem como principal objetivo examinar como a legislação e a jurisprudência abordam a situação em que uma criança ou adolescente é mantida em família substituta, bem como analisar os critérios legais para a suspensão e destituição do poder familiar. Entender as implicações jurídicas e sociais dessas intervenções, discutindo melhorias nos processos de adoção, considerando para tanto o melhor interesse da criança e do adolescente, de acordo com o procedimento de adoção disposto na Lei 8.069/90, em razão da importância de proteger o bem-estar dos filhos, mesmo que isso signifique abandonar sua família biológica. Diante da importância. de um ambiente seguro e favorável para o desenvolvimento da criança e do adolescente, que é frequentemente encontrado em famílias substitutas
As (im)possibilidades de responsabilização penal da Rússia perante a grave e generalizada violação de direitos no conflito internacional contra a Ucrânia
Get PDFThis monographic work deals with the possibilities or impossibilities, as well as the ways in which criminal liability can be attributed to Russia for the serious violation of human rights in Ukraine. The conflict has its origins during the period of the low middle ages, a period when both States were one. However, over the centuries, there were several historical, political and social factors that awakened patriotic feelings in the Ukrainian people and the need for independence from Russia. However, if on one side there was the desire for independence, on the other there was the need for control, whether of the people or the territory. Based on a discourse of denazification and demilitarization of Ukrainian territory, the Russian invasion of Ukraine begins in February 2022. In this way, as with any conflict, whether international or not, it is necessary to seek accountability for those who violate rights and rules of international law. To this end, in order to protect and ensure rights that are violated, or about to be violated, as well as punish the aggressor, it is extremely important to analyze factors such as competence and effectiveness of some of the main Courts, as well as Courts of the current system of protection of rights on the international scene. In a first and general analysis, it is inferred that the International Criminal Court, the European Court of Human Rights and the International Court of Justice may have jurisdiction, but come up against possible incompetence, whether material or not, in the international conflict. . It is also worth thinking about the possibility of establishing exceptional courts or applying the principle of universal jurisdiction in the face of possible incompetence of the Courts or Tribunals analyzed. The present work uses the deductive method of procedure and analysis and the legal-bibliographical research technique, supported by national and international instruments.O presente trabalho monográfico versa sobre as possibilidades ou impossibilidades, bem como as formas que poder-se-á atribuir responsabilização penal à Rússia frente a grave violação de direitos humanos na Ucrânia. O conflito possui sua origem durante o período da baixa idade média, período este que ambos os Estados eram um só. No entanto, com o passar dos séculos, diversos foram os fatores históricos, políticos e sociais que despertaram no povo ucraniano o sentimento patriótico e a necessidade de independência da Rússia. Todavia, se de um lado havia a vontade de independência, do outro havia a necessidade de controle, seja do povo ou do território. Pautando-se em um discurso de desnazificação e desmilitarização do território ucraniano, inicia-se em fevereiro de 2022 a invasão Russa à Ucrânia. Desta maneira, assim como qualquer conflito, seja internacional ou não, torna-se mister buscar a responsabilização daqueles que violam direitos e regras de direito internacional. Para tanto, visando proteger e assegurar os direitos violados, ou na iminência de serem, bem como punir o agressor, torna-se de extrema importância analisar fatores como competência e eficácia de algumas das principais Cortes, bem como Tribunais do atual sistema de proteção de direitos no cenário internacional. Em primeira e geral análise, infere-se que o Tribunal Penal Internacional, a Corte Europeia de Direitos Humanos e a Corte Internacional de Justiça podem possuir jurisdição, esbarrando, no entanto, em uma possível incompetência, seja ela material ou não, no conflito internacional. É de se pensar também na possibilidade de instituição dos tribunais de exceção ou na aplicação do princípio de jurisdição universal frente a eventual incompetência das Cortes ou Tribunais analisados. O presente trabalho utiliza-se do método dedutivo de procedimento e análise e a técnica de pesquisa legal-bibliográfica, com suporte em instrumentos nacionais e internacionais
O direito à educação frente aos ataques armados em escolas
Get PDFThe main objective of this article is to analyze whether and how urban violence, especially by
armed attacks on school institutions, proves to be a factor in the non-implementation of the right to education. In the first chapter, the right to education is understood, its importance, legal basis and data is demonstrated on global education. In the second chapter, cases of attacks on schools are studied, focusing on the case of Suzano and Columbine, to understand the similarities. In the third chapter, proposals are analyzed presented to prevent these attacks. Finally, the importance of a stricter standard in the managing the purchase of firearms and ammunition, in addition to adopting measures to restrict thoughts extremists on social media as the most effective form of prevention.O presente artigo tem como objetivo central analisar se e como a violência urbana, em especial pelos
ataques armados em instituições escolares, revela-se um fator de não efetivação do direito à educação. No primeiro capítulo, compreende-se o direito à educação, sua importância, fundamentação jurídica e demonstram-se os dados sobre a educação mundial. No segundo capítulo, estuda-se casos de ataques às escolas, com enfoque no caso de Suzano e Columbine, para compreender as semelhanças. No terceiro capítulo, são analisadas as propostas apresentadas para prevenção destes ataques. Por fim, destaca-se a importância de uma norma mais rigorosa no manejo de compra de armas de fogo e munições, além da adoção de medidas para a restrição de pensamentos extremistas nas redes sociais como forma mais eficaz de prevenção
Plectromerus lingafelteri Micheli & Nearns 2005, new species
No full textPlectromerus lingafelteri Micheli & Nearns, new species Figs. 2a–c, 3a Description. MALE. Length 5.5–7.2 mm, width 1.2–1.7 mm (measured across humeri). Small, narrow, subcylindrical. Head, antennae, and pronotum ferrugineus, with some areas of pronotum, clavate portion of femora, apex of tibiae, and underside usually much darker; scape underneath, palpi, base of distal four antennomeres, femoral pedicle, and tarsi testaceus; each elytron with a dark macula just beneath humerus, this sometimes reaching basal third, humeral angle pale; dorsum with three major macular regions (Fig. 2a) as follows: (1) basal third dark with posterior margin irregular, obliquely reaching suture, with another dark, oblique, narrow, irregular macula just beneath separated by a pale irregular fascia, and not reaching suture; (2) an irregular, median dark macula not reaching suture, partially interrupted by a narrow, pale longitudinal area, and bordered posteriorly by an oblique, pale fascia; and (3) apical third ferrugineus, anterior margin obliquely reaching suture. Head with front nearly flat, transverse, with a median, shallow line from between eyes to just beyond vertex, slightly concave between antennal tubercles, which are somewhat raised and widely separated. Surface feebly shining, microsculptured, with some fine wrinkles and irregular, shallow punctation. Pubescence short, pale, recumbent, sparse to moderately dense with a few scattered long, suberect hairs. Eyes prominent, transverse, subreniform. Antennae 11segmented, slightly longer than body, impunctate; third antennomere subequal to scape, almost twice as long as fourth, fifth antennomere 1.3 longer than third, 2.6 longer than fourth, sixth to tenth becoming progressively shorter, eighth subequal to third, eleventh slightly longer than tenth, subequal to ninth; basal antennomeres subcylindrical, from fifth slightly flattened, apices of antennomeres 5–10 produced externally, more pronounced on antennomeres 7–10. Antennomeres feebly shining, clothed with fine, short, recumbent, pale pubescence with slightly longer, suberect hairs intermixed and antennomeres 2–6 ciliate beneath with coarse, moderately long, suberect, pale hairs. Pronotum subcylindrical, about 1.5–1.6 times as long as wide, widest at middle, slightly broader at base than apex, sides feebly inflated, broadly arcuately constricted at basal fifth, and a slight inflation just before apex; basal margin slightly arcuate, apical margin nearly straight; disk convex, slightly depressed posteriorly, sometimes with three feeble tumescences, one centrally on disk and two anterior to this one, one on each side (these are barely discernible in some specimens). Surface opaque, microsculptured, with fine, sparse punctures, each of these with a fine, short, pale hair; punctation much coarser and deeper laterally (as large as on base of elytra) and shining. Pubescence slightly denser towards margins; each side of pronotum with two long, suberect setae, one anterolateral, the other one discal at basal third. Scutellum small, rounded, almost as long as broad, shining, impunctate, with sparse, short pale pubescence. Elytra about 2.6 to 3 times as long as width at humeri, 2.5 to 3 times as long as pronotal length, about 1.5 broader basally than pronotom at widest (at middle); sides nearly parallel, very slightly sinuate around middle, evenly rounded to apex which is rounded; epipleural margin moderately sinuate. Disk slightly concave medially, subsuturally; base of each elytron slightly raised. Surface shining, except basal macula which is matte; punctation moderately dense, coarse, shallow at basal third, punctures becoming finer towards apex and sides, almost obsolete at apical third; each puncture with a short, fine pale hair (some appear to have fallen off). Underside with prosternum shining, slightly rugose, apical fourth impunctate and one irregular patch of coarse, deep punctures in front of each coxa (Fig. 2b); with sparse, short, fine, pale hairs; narrowest area of prosternal process between coxae about 0.17 to 0.2 as wide as coxal cavity, and about 0.3 the width of apex of process which is subtriangular with rounded corners. Mesosternum shining, impunctate, very sparsely clothed with short, fine, pale hairs. Mesepisternum with denser pubescence than mesosternum. Metasternum shining, sparsely and finely punctate, with short, pale, moderately dense pubescence, much sparser on centroposterior area, much denser at posterolateral angles, and with very few longer, pale hairs intermixed. Metepisternum clothed with moderately dense pubescence, denser posteriorly. Abdomen shining, clothed with sparse, short, pale pubescence, and with a few longer, suberect pale hairs; fifth sternite broadly subtruncate, slightly longer than preceding sternite. Legs with femora pedunculateclavate, meso and metafemora arcuate, shining, impunctate, clothed with sparsely to moderately densely, recumbent, short, pale pubescence; underside of each femoral club with a broad triangular tooth with posterior edge smooth, not serrate; tibiae slightly arcuate, sinuate though not strongly; clothed with moderately dense, fine, recumbent, pale pubescence, becoming longer and coarser apically. Genitalia see Fig. 3a. FEMALE. Length 5.5–8.3 mm; width 1.2–1.9 mm (measured across humeri). Very similar to male except pronotal sides lacking coarse punctures and prosternum impunctate (Fig. 2c). Abdomen with terminal sternite evenly, broadly rounded. Etymology. This species is dedicated to Steven Lingafelter, who collected most of the type material and made the trip to the Dominican Republic by the senior author possible, and whose friendship, guidance, and companionship are truly appreciated. Types. Holotype, male, DOMINICAN REPUBLIC, Pico Duarte Trail, 3300 ft., Los Tablones, beating, 19°08.222'N, 70°27.736'W, 29 June 2004, S. Lingafelter (USNM). Allotype, female, DOMINICAN REPUBLIC, Pedernales Prov., PN Sierra Baoruco, Las Abejas, 18°09.011'N, 71°37.342'W, 1150 meters, 11 July 2004, blacklight, C. J. Micheli, coll. (USNM). Paratypes, 14 (all from the Dominican Republic): 1 male, same data as holotype, except day coll. (USNM); 2 males, Pico Duarte Trail, Ciénaga to Los Tablones, beating, 19°08.222'N, 70°27.736'W, 29 June 2004, C. J. Micheli (JAMC); 1 male and 1 female, Pedernales Prov., PN Sierra Baoruco, Las Abejas, 1150 m, 18°09.011'N, 71°37.342'W, ex. dead log w/ white fungus, 11 July 2004, S. Lingafelter (USNM); 2 males and 1 female, Pico Duarte Trail, 3300 ft., Los Tablones, blacklighting, 19°08.222'N, 70°27.736'W, 17 July 2004, S. W. Lingafelter (USNM); 1 male, Pedernales Prov., 25.5 km N. Cabo Rojo, 1221V1992, coll. M. C. Thomas (FSCA); 1 female, Azua, East side of crest, Sierra Martín García, 7 km WNW Barrero, 1821 N, 7058W, 860m, 2526 July 1992, C. Young, R. Davidson, S. Thompson, J. Rawlins, cloud forest adjacent to disturbed forest (CMNH); 2 males, Prov. Hato Mayor, Par. Nac. Los Haitises, 0102 Apr 1992, bosque humido, W. Sabana dl Mar, M. Ivie, D. Sikes, Lanier (WIBF); 1 male, Barahona, 4.5 km. S Barahona, 22 May 1992, R. Turnbow (RTPC); 1 male, Pedernales, 25.5 km. N Cabo Rojo, 21 May 1992, R. Turnbow (RTPC). Discussion. The intensity and breadth of maculations seem to be variable among specimens. Some specimens are mostly ferrugineus without any very dark areas but with the described light elytral pattern. This species can be distinguished from the presently known congeners by the combination of the following characters: the opaque, microsculptured, finely punctate pronotum, the smooth metafemoral tooth, and the elytral maculation. At first glance, P. lingafelteri resembles Plectromerus dentipes (Olivier) (Fig. 1e) but this species has a shiny pronotum, the metafemoral tooth is serrate, and the elytral apex is moderately subtruncate (rounded in P. lingafelteri). Another species with a rather intricate elytral pattern is P. exis Zayas (Fig. 1f–g), but P. lingafelteri can be easily recognized by the shape and length of the pronotum, the length of the third antennomere, and the elytral punctation. In P. exis, the pronotum has a distinct tubercle in the center and the length is about 1.8 times the width (1.5 to 1.6 in P. lingafelteri), the third antennomere is distinctly longer than the scape (subequal in P.lingafelteri), and the elytral dark areas are opaque and microsculptured (not so in P. lingafelteri).Published as part of Micheli, Charyn J. & Nearns, Eugenio H., 2005, Two new species of Plectromerus Haldeman (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) from the West Indies, pp. 23-36 in Zootaxa 1028 (1) on pages 25-30, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.1028.1.2, http://zenodo.org/record/505016
Music for Tarquinia Molza Rediscovered: Cantate o nove alme/Mater misericordiae by Domenico Micheli/Geronimo Cavaglieri
Get PDFThrough the recent identification of the model for a contrafactum, a composition by Domenico Micheli dedicated to Tarquinia Molza has been discovered. This has turned out to be of earlier date than those dedicated to her by other composers. The incompletely preserved madrigal can be partially reconstructed with the aid of the parts belonging to the contrafactum and opens up new research perspectives on Molza and Micheli as well as on the process of retextualization carried out by Geronimo Cavaglieri, author of the new text
The Ogiek of Mariashoni, Nakuru District, Mau Forest Complex, Kenya. A Sociolinguistic Report.
No full textContrary to what sustained in Ethnologue 2015, the sociolinguistic survey conducted by the Author interviewieng 146 adult speakers in the region of Mariashoni, Mau Forest Complex, Kenya, Ogiek is still a very lively language in the district. The transmission of the language to the younger generation is still practiced and the community still hosts elder people who are monolingual in Ogiek. The competence in kiswahili is relatively high, but school attendancy is very low and the competence in English does not reach 10% of the young population. The article includes many tables referring to the context of use of the different languages spoken in the region, comprehensive of the languages of neighboring peoples (Maasai, Nandi and Kipsigis for example) and all data are presented considering gender and age sets
Rethinking the concept of lingua illustre in the absence of a common language. Considerations from Africa
No full textThe author starts from a brief reflection on Dante Alighieri’s concept of volgare illustre, considering its role as a powerful mark of identity cohesion, repeatedly invoked as an essential element in the Italian question of language. The quest for a common, distinguishing code was supposed to be pivotal for the foundation of a feeling of national solidarity in the culturally and linguistically fragmented reality of Italy, until its unification in 1861. In Italy, the so called “question of language”, that offers some interesting hints for the object of this paper, represented a topic addressed
by many scholars during more than 5 centuries. In an attempt to understand whether some of the insights offered by the Italian question of language could be fruitfully applied to the context of contemporary sub-Saharan Africa, the focus of the paper rotates around the geo-linguistic aspects and sociolinguistic practices that characterize modern plurilingual and multilingual African countries. These practices seem, at least in the medium term, not to allow the affirmation of a common language. However, right in these practices, the author traces some common strategies, adopted by speakers of different languages and belonging to different cultures, that could be seen as constitutive of a pan-African stylistic code. In this perspective, these strategies should be seen as tools consciously used by skilled orators as illustrious marks, aspiring to the creation of a space of a distinguished, illustrious supranational unity. In particular, as an exemplum, the author analyses in this light the potential of proverbs, underlining their increasingly conscious use in different contexts and domains in most African countries
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