133,751 research outputs found
Pittosporum pit scale, Planchonia Arabidis (Hemiptera: Asterolecaniidae) and its leaf galls induced on Pittosporum Tobira in Southern Italy
No full textThe morphology of the adult female pittosporum pit scale, Planchonia arabidis, a commonly encountered sap-feeding insect in Europe, is described and illustrated, based on material collected from southern Italy on Pittosporum tobira. Histopathological observations are made for the first time on the aforementioned host-plant on which typical pit galls are induced by P. arabidis. Distribution and host-plant data is also provided for this species at a global level.peer-reviewe
An alternative mechanism of clathrin-coated pit closure revealed by ion conductance microscopy
No full textCurrent knowledge of the structural changes taking place during clathrin-mediated endocytosis is largely based on electron microscopy images of fixed preparations and x-ray crystallography data of purified proteins. In this paper, we describe a study of clathrin-coated pit dynamics in living cells using ion conductance microscopy to directly image the changes in pit shape, combined with simultaneous confocal microscopy to follow molecule-specific fluorescence. We find that 70% of pits closed with the formation of a protrusion that grew on one side of the pit, covered the entire pit, and then disappeared together with pit-associated clathrin-enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) and actin-binding protein-EGFP (Abp1-EGFP) fluorescence. This was in contrast to conventionally closing pits that closed and cleaved from flat membrane sheets and lacked accompanying Abp1-EGFP fluorescence. Scission of both types of pits was found to be dynamin-2 dependent. This technique now enables direct spatial and temporal correlation between functional molecule-specific fluorescence and structural information to follow key biological processes at cell surfaces
Pit-to-crack mechanisms of 316LN stainless steel reinforcement in alkaline solution influenced by strain induced martensite
No full textThe pit-to-crack transition of AISI 316LN stainless steel reinforcement exposed to stress corrosion cracking (SCC) in chlorides contaminated alkaline environment, was studied by a combination of slow strain rate testing (SSRT) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The phase angle shift (Δφ) obtained by EIS at low frequencies was utilized to determine the pit-to-crack transition, differentiating from crack nucleation and propagation as identified by shifts in the frequency range of phase angle (θ) peaks. The pit-to-crack transition was developed once the maximum θ value shifted from the low to high frequencies. EIS analysis was corroborated by assessment of repassivation rates and pit growth, in addition to calculating Δ Gγ → α ’ . Crack nucleation at lath martensite developed transgranular SCC. Strain-induced martensitic transformation was associated with the brittle failure of AISI 316LN stainless steel, where α’–martensite phase preferentially incubated the pit, and favored crack nucleation, thus promoting pit-to-crack transition
sj-docx-1-pit-10.1177_15269248231164161 - Supplemental material for Comparison of Transplant Pharmacist Treatment Decisions Between Telehealth and Clinic Visits
No full textSupplemental material, sj-docx-1-pit-10.1177_15269248231164161 for Comparison of Transplant Pharmacist Treatment Decisions Between Telehealth and Clinic Visits by Jiashan Xu-Stettner, Amy N. Thompson, Linda J. Fitzgerald, Tracy Licari, Katie A. McMurry and Sarah Tischer in Progress in Transplantation</p
Likelihood of selecting ecological sanitation over pit latrines when there is concern about space for pit latrines (n = 1198).
No full textLikelihood of selecting ecological sanitation over pit latrines when there is concern about space for pit latrines (n = 1198).</p
Fate and Remediation of Ammonium-n In Pit Toilet Blackwater
No full textPit toilets satisfy the sanitation requirement in regions with no access to piped sewerage facilities. Black water discharged from pit toilets is a major source of groundwater pollution. The primary focus of the thesis is to understand the fate of ammonium-N in blackwater generated in pour flush pit toilets, in blackwater contaminated soils in vicinity of leach pits that are subject to moisture evaporation and lastly develop a methodology to reduce nitrate contamination of aquifers by blackwater released from leach pits of pour flush toilets. In the first part of the study, the characteristics of black water from a pour flush pit toilet located in Mulbagal town, Karnataka, India, for nitrogenous constituents and other physico-chemical parameters are examined. The impact of moisture evaporation on fate of ammonium-N reactions in blackwater contaminated soils is next investigated in this study. Methodology for in-situ removal of soluble N fraction from blackwater in leach pit of pit toilet is developed. Guided by results from laboratory experiments, design for modified twin pit toilet is proposed that reduces the contamination load on groundwate
Sertifikat Oral Presentasi PIT IBI 2017 a/n Yulizawati
No full textSertifikat Oral Presentasi PIT IBI 2017 a/n Yulizawat
The influence of flow-through saline gravel pit lakes on the hydrologic budget and hydrochemistry of a Mediterranean drainage basin
No full textFlow-through brackish gravel pit lakes near the Adriatic Coast of Emilia Romagna (Italy) in the Mediterranean have a large influence on the hydrologic budget of the watershed. Strong evaporation in combination with intense drainage of the low lying basins enhances groundwater inflow into the lake. Precipitation falling on the lakes is mixed with brackish/saline lake water causing the loss of freshwater. The gravel pit lakes are characterized by a high salinity (TDS = 4.6-12.3 g L"1) and high pH (8.5). Stable isotope data show that gravel pit lake water is fed by groundwater which is a mix of Apennine River water and (Holocene) Adriatic Seawater, subsequently enriched by evaporation. The slope of the local evaporation line is 5.4. Conservative tracer and water budget modeling shows that the final Cl concentration depends strongly on the ratio of evaporation to total inflow. Increasing drainage to compensate for sea level rise, subsidence or intense precipitation would enhance ground water flow into the lake and decrease Cl concentration while increasing evaporation would increase Cl concentration. Groundwater rich in dissolved trace elements flows into the gravel pit lakes that contains water with a higher pH and dissolved oxygen. Pit lake water remains enriched in some elements (e.g., Ba, Mo, Sb) and depleted in others (e.g., Fe, Ca, Zn, SO4) with respect to groundwater composition. The gravel pit lakes show limited eutrophication but the water quality should be monitored for trace elements (e.g., As) if they are to be used for recreational purposes.</p
Comparison of n-Dodecane/Brij 30/water and n-Decane/Brij 30/water nano-emulsions produced by PIT method
No full textIn this study, nano-emulsions were prepared using 19.2 wt% n-Dodecane (C12H26) and n-Decane (C10H22) oils as the dispersed phases, 4 wt% Brij 30 (C12E4) as surfactant and 76.8 wt% ultrapure water as the aqueous phase by phase inversion temperature (PIT) method. PIT points were determined by measuring the conductivity of the mixture as a function of temperature. The stability of nano-emulsions was determined by measuring the mean size, polydispersity index (PDI) and size distribution of droplets using dynamic light scattering (DLS) technique and monitoring them as a function of time. The nano-emulsions were also characterised using refractive index (RI), surface tension and pH measurements. The efficiency of reversibility test was also investigated on systems aged for various durations (i.e. 3, 4, 5, 9 and 470 days). Experimental results show that n-Dodecane system has higher conductivity values than n-Decane system and as a consequence the PIT values for n-Dodecane system were found to be higher than those for n-Decane system. All freshly produced nanoemulsions were found to be similar in appearance being opaque white with opal shine. But they were found to lose the shine and became duller with ageing. n-Dodecane systems seem to produce less stable nano-emulsions than n-Decane systems. They were also found to have larger droplets and higher RI values but mostly lower pH compared to n-Decane systems. Surface tension values for the reversed n-Decane system were found to be lower when compared to those for fresh one. Both n-Decane and n- Dodecane systems lead to an increase in droplet size over the study period of 3 days. Also, the variations in PDI and size distribution of droplets over the study period are significant in this work.Firoozeh Pourjavaheri-Jad, Rajarathinam Parthasarathy, Nhol Kao and Yung Ngotha
Disability and quality of life in spina bifida and hydrocephalus
No full textThis study examined the impact of severity and type of condition and family resources on quality of life in children with spina bifida and hydrocephalus. A national UK sample of children aged between 6 and 13 years with spina bifida (n=62), hydrocephalus (n=354), and spina bifida plus hydrocephalus (n=128) were identified via the register of the Association for Spina Bifida and Hydrocephalus (ASBAH). Parents completed standardized measures of Child Health Related Quality Of Life (CQOL), family needs survey (FNS), and caregiving self-efficacy scale (CSES) as well as questions on children's health and physical ability. Results showed there were no significant differences in the overall quality of life for the three disability conditions. The overall CQOL was over 1 SD lower for those with spina bifida and hydrocephalus than for children with other physical conditions. Sex and age were not related to overall CQOL. Specific aspects of CQOL differentiated the three groups. Children with spina bifida had poorer CQOL scores on self-care, continence, and mobility/activities whilst those with hydrocephalus had poorer scores on school activities, worries, sight, and communication. Severity of condition and family resources, i.e. CSES and FNS, predicted 32% of the variance in CQOL. Associations were also found between overall CQOL and problems discernible at birth as well as epilepsy. Other factors, including those related to shunts, were not significantly related to CQOL. It was concluded that hydrocephalus is just as great a threat to CQOL as spina bifida. Beyond the general effect of condition severity on CQOL, family resources (as measured by the CSES and FNS) represent an additional influence on CQOL
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