1,122 research outputs found
Le specie animali cacciabili in regione campania. la fauna omeoterma oggetto di prelievo venatorio in campania
No full textLa Legge Quadro 11 febbraio 1992, n. 157 “Norme per la protezione della fauna selvatica omeoterma e per il prelievo venatorio”, che disciplina l’attività venatoria in Italia, è una “norma-principio” che traccia, a grandi linee, le regole del settore specifico e individua gli interessi irrinunciabili dello Stato in accordo con le direttive comunitarie cui dovranno attenersi le leggi regionali. La Regione Campania, grazie al Titolo V della Costituzione della Repubblica Italiana, in materia di caccia ha sviluppato uno specifico percorso normativo. La Legge Regionale 10 aprile 1996, n. 8 è stata sostituita dalla Legge Regionale 9 agosto 2012, n. 26 “Norme per la protezione della fauna selvatica e disciplina dell’attività venatoria in Campania”, a sua volta modificata dalla Legge Regionale 6 settembre 2013, n. 12. Le competenze in materia di agricoltura, foreste, caccia e pesca, un tempo attuate dalle Province (Legge 7 aprile 2014, n. 56) sono totalmente esercitate dalla Regione.
Sin dal primo giorno della mia nomina ad Assessore all’Agricoltura (D.P.G. n. 132 del 27/10/2020) ho percepito l’importanza delle funzioni amministrative in materia di protezione e gestione della fauna selvatica e, in maniera più ampia, della biodiversità e degli ambienti naturali e seminaturali, incluso il prelievo venatorio. Al pari delle attività proprie del settore agro-alimentare, mi sono impegnato per identificare sul territorio della Campania tutti quegli Istituti che siano in grado di conoscere e tutelare la fauna selvatica e gli ambienti agro-silvo-pastorali ma, al contempo, ho rivolto adeguata attenzione per assicurare una corretta gestione del prelievo venatorio, finalizzandola all’applicazione delle Direttive “Uccelli” (2009/147/CE) e “Habitat” (92/43/CEE), recepite in Italia sia dalla Legge 157/1992 (s.m.i.), sia dal D.P.R. 8 settembre 1997, n. 357 (s.m.i. D.P.R. 120 del 12 marzo 2003).
In un complesso quadro come quello sommariamente tratteggiato sopra, il mondo venatorio deve integrarsi con le esigenze ecologico-naturalistiche e di gestione sostenibile del territorio. Il riconoscimento normativo della legittimità della caccia per alcune specie e non per altre, richiede chiare indicazioni di conoscenza per favorire una caccia sostenibile. I singoli cacciatori, che per esercitare l’attività venatoria devono superare l’esame per il rilascio dell’attestato di abilitazione all’esercizio venatorio, per il riconoscimento delle specie animali omeotermi di cui è consentito il prelievo venatorio in Regione Campania, potranno avvantaggiarsi del seguente testo. La facilità di riconoscimento delle specie cacciabili consentirà di individuare azioni mirate e corretti metodi di gestione faunistico-ambientali propri di una caccia poco invasiva, compatibile e integrata con le attività agro-silvo-pastorali. In particolar modo, formerà un cacciatore attento allo sviluppo turistico naturalistico ma ancor più a supporto della gestione agli agro-ecosistemi e, principalmente, alla conservazione della biodiversità in linea con almeno tre dei target dell’Agenda 2030 (12, 13, 15)
Emerging technologies in solid drug delivery: An interview with Nadia Passerini
No full textNadia Passerini is interviewed by Hannah Makin, Commission Editor. Nadia Passerini is Associate Professor of Pharmaceutical Technology at the University of Bologna (Bologna, Italy). She obtained the degree in Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Technology at the University of Bologna in 1992 and the PhD in Pharmaceutical Science in 1997. Her research focuses on the study of drug delivery systems, developing new technologies and new apparatus for the production of solid dosage forms (microparticles, granules and tablets), which can optimize the bioavailability of drugs according to the specific needs of the therapy. Furthermore, she is interested in the solid-state characterization of the produced delivery systems in order to correlate their physicochemical properties to the in vitro release of the drugs. Currently, her research focuses in particular on the production and characterization of microparticles produced by the spray congealing technology. She is author of over 50 international peer-reviewed publications and over 50 contributions (poster and oral presentations) to national and international conferences
Selected Songs of Nadia Boulanger: Formal Analysis and Adaptation for Brass Chamber Music
No full textWorth can be a difficult thing to understand and define, even under the best of circumstances. Nadia Boulanger is known to have told her teacher, Gabriel Fauré, that “if there is one thing of which I am certain, it is that my music is worthless.” As a teacher, Boulanger empowered her students to listen for the internal logic present in the pieces of art that she considered valuable. This document will apply Nadia Boulanger’s teachings to her compositions to demonstrate that her music does have worth. To that end, these analyses will compile data to discern the internal logic in her pieces.
As a performer, Nadia Boulanger coupled her analytical beliefs to her performance practice; her concerts were shaped by and carefully crafted to present her analyses. Her formal classes included an informal ticket to hear her commentaries in action. Therefore, in addition to analytical validation, the author intends to demonstrate the value of Nadia Boulanger’s music through the arrangement and performance of her compositions as brass chamber music. as brass chamber music
Detection of selected pathogens in reproductive tissues of wild boars in the Campania region, southern Italy
No full text: Monitoring disease among wildlife is critical to preserving health in both domestic animals and wildlife, and it becomes much more critical when the diseases cause significant economic damage to the livestock industry or threaten public health. Given the continuous increase in populations and its role as a reservoir for several infections, wild boar (Sus scrofa) requires special attention regarding disease surveillance and monitoring. In this study, we investigated the molecular prevalence of selected pathogens in the wild boar population of Campania, southern Italy. The prevalence of pathogens causing reproductive problems in pigs (Sus domesticus), including porcine parvovirus (PPV), porcine circovirus types 2 and 3 (PCV-2 and PCV-3), pseudorabies virus (PRV), Coxiella burnetii, and Brucella suis, was evaluated by testing the reproductive organs collected from 63 wild boars with polymerase chain reaction. The most common pathogens were PPV (44.4%) and two porcine circoviruses (14.3%). PRV and C. burnetii, on the other hand, showed a significantly lower prevalence (1.6%). No reproductive organs tested were positive for B. suis. Risk factor analysis revealed a correlation between age and PCV-2 positivity, with animals less than 12 months old having significantly higher prevalence rates.Our findings suggest that wild boars hunted in the Campania region harbour several infections potentially transmissible to other mammals' reproductive tracts. Furthermore, our results emphasized the importance of strict adherence to biosecurity protocols on domestic swine farms, especially on free-range farms, to avoid interactions between domestic and wild animals
Guaranteeing safety of animals under risk of fire: conceptual framework and technical issues analysis
No full textAnalysis and evaluation of ecosystem services and their role for the conservation of biodiversity and socio-economic benefits in the agro-ecosystems of the mediterranean biogeographical region
No full textThe work carried out during the XXXV cycle of the PhD in Cotutela between the University of Naples Federico II (Italy) and the Universidad de León (Spain) involved Dr. Nadia Piscopo in Italian and Spanish scientific teams. In a common context such as the Mediterranean Biogeographical Region, our thesis wanted to demonstrate that the different components of the agro-ecosystem play an active and passive role in providing Ecosystem Services or Disservices. The wild boar model studied between 2019 and 2022 involved one of the sites present in the Natura 2000 network. The presence of wild boar (Sus scrofa), a species considered one of the most invasive on the planet, in a Special Conservation Area/Site of Community Interest (SCA/SCI) affects the biodiversity present, both of particular conservation interest and on that considered least concern. This situation involves the sites present in the Natura 2000 network in all 27 countries of the European Union. Almost all of the existing bibliography reports the wild boar as a demographic surplus and as an agent responsible for damage to agriculture and, lately, for road accidents and invasion of urban centres. The innovative element that distinguishes the experimental research work consists in demonstrating that, together with the ecosystem disservices produced by the wild boar to human activities, there are a series of ecosystem services that the suidae provides to man and the ecosystem. The first part of the work was carried out to determine a numerical estimate of the wild boars present in a sufficiently large area. We then proceeded to identify an area of approximately 13,000 hectares defined as the "PSR Area" and, within this, a smaller area called the "Focal Area".
The vegetation characteristics and biodiversity were described by the Standard Data Form of the SCA/SCI. Together with other operators, the areas of interest were checked with direct and indirect census methods. The results obtained made it possible to define a population of wild boars residing in the PSR Area equal to 244 specimens (average of the surveys between the years 2019 and 2022). The experience gained in the Regional and private Game Reserves of Castilla y Leon has made it possible to use the mathematical method of hunting effort (CPUE). The datum calculated thanks to field data produced a result comparable to that experienced in the field (264 specimens obtained from the average of the years observed). The negative effects consisting in damage to agriculture (413,950 Euros) and road accidents (25,000 Euros) were provided by the Campania Region and represented the items relating to the disservices caused by the wild boar. The positive effects consisting in the provisioning provided by the shot of wild boars in the PSR area (242,316 Euros) and the estimate of cultural factors (280,560 Euros) were calculated on an experimental basis and represented the Services connected to the presence of the wild boar. The resulting difference showed a weight in favor of disservices (-83,926 euros). This result could be reversed when the definition of the influence of wild boar on other living species (plants and animals) will be completed. At the moment, it has not been possible to quantify the monetary value of the biodiversity present in the habitat under study (Habitat/Biodiversity). However, direct observations have allowed us to ascertain the presence of 3/22 species indicated in the art. 4 of Directive 2009/147/EC. If we consider that there are 10 bird species described in the Natura 2000 site, the percentage increases to 30% (3/10). Another 17 species were observed including 10 birds and 7 mammals. Among the mammals, the description of the presence of Canis lupus was important. Three domesticated animal species frequented the same habitats as the animals listed above
High Frequency of Haplotype HLA-DQ7 in Celiac Disease Patients from South Italy: Retrospective Evaluation of 5,535 Subjects at Risk of Celiac Disease.
No full textBackgroundCeliac disease (CD) has a strong genetic component mainly due to HLA DQ2/DQ8 encoding genes. However, a minority of CD patients are DQ2/DQ8-negative. To address this issue, we retrospectively characterized HLA haplotypes in 5,535 subjects at risk of CD (either relatives of CD patients or subjects with CD-like symptoms) referred to our center during a 10-year period.MethodsWe identified loci DQA1/DQB1/DRB1 by sequence-specific oligonucleotide-PCR and sequence-specific primer-PCR; anti-transglutaminase IgA/IgG and anti-endomysium IgA by ELISA and indirect immunofluorescence, respectively.ResultsWe diagnosed CD in 666/5,535 individuals, 4.2% of whom were DQ2/DQ8-negative. Interestingly, DQ7 was one of the most abundant haplotypes in all CD patients and significantly more frequent in DQ2/DQ8-negative (38%) than in DQ2/DQ8-positive CD patients (24%) (pConclusionOur data lend support to the concept that DQ7 represents an additive or independent CD risk haplotype with respect to DQ2/DQ8 haplotypes but this finding should be verified in other large CD populations
The Pathogenic Diagnosis in Pediatric Diabetology: Next Generation Sequencing and Precision Therapy
No full textIn pediatric diabetology, a precise diagnosis is very important because it allows early and correct clinical management of the patient. Monogenic diabetes (MD), which accounts for 1–6% of all pediatric–adolescent diabetes cases, is the most relevant example of precision medicine. The definitive diagnosis of MD, possible only by genetic testing, allows us to direct patients to more appropriate therapy in relation to the identified mutation. In some cases, MD patients can avoid insulin and be treated with oral hypoglycemic drugs with a perceptible impact on both the quality of life and the healthcare costs. However, the genetic and phenotypic heterogeneity of MD and the overlapping clinical characteristics between different forms, can complicate the diagnostic process. In recent years, the development of Next-Generation Sequencing (NGS) methodology, which allows the simultaneous analysis of multiple genes, has revolutionized molecular diagnostics, becoming the cornerstone of MD precision diagnosis. We report two cases of patients with clinical suspects of MD in which a genetic test was carried out, using a NGS multigenic panel, and it clarified the correct pathogenesis of diabetes, allowing us to better manage the disease both in probands and other affected family members
New Insights into Alterations in PL Proteins Affecting Their Binding to DNA after Exposure of Mytilus galloprovincialis to Mercury—A Possible Risk to Sperm Chromatin Structure?
No full textMercury (Hg) is a highly toxic and widespread pollutant. We previously reported that the exposure of Mytilus galloprovincialis for 24 h to doses of HgCl2 similar to those found in seawater (range 1–100 pM) produced alterations in the properties of protamine-like (PL) proteins that rendered them unable to bind and protect DNA from oxidative damage. In the present work, to deepen our studies, we analyzed PL proteins by turbidimetry and fluorescence spectroscopy and performed salt-induced release analyses of these proteins from sperm nuclei after the exposure of mussels to HgCl2 at the same doses. Turbidity assays indicated that mercury, at these doses, induced PL protein aggregates, whereas fluorescence spectroscopy measurements showed mercury-induced conformational changes. Indeed, the mobility of the PLII band changed in sodium dodecyl sulphate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, particularly after exposure to 10-pM HgCl2, confirming the mercury-induced structural rearrangement. Finally, exposure to HgCl2 at all doses produced alterations in PL-DNA binding, detectable by DNA absorption spectra after the PL protein addition and by a decreased release of PLII and PLIII from the sperm nuclei. In conclusion, in this paper, we reported Hg-induced PL protein alterations that could adversely affect mussel reproductive activity, providing an insight into the molecular mechanism of Hg-related infertility
Wild Boars’ Selective Capture with IoT and Electronic Devices Solutions for Innovative, Sustainable and Ethical Management
No full textThe growing population of wild boars (Sus scrofa) in all highly anthropized countries represents a current challenge for the protection of ecosystems, agriculture and urban environments. This study introduces an innovative capture solution based on IoT systems designed to enable the selective capture of sub-adult wild boars in an ethical manner and minimize stress and bycatch. Conducted over five years in a Natura 2000 area in Campania, Italy, the research integrates advanced technologies, including AI-based infrared cameras, LoRa communication and autonomous feeding systems, to monitor, control and operate a specially designed selective cage trap. The results obtained demonstrate how technological innovation improves wildlife and hunting management by selecting younger animals without interfering with group dynamics. Selective capture ensures healthy population control, does not conflict with hunting and reduces pressure on habitats, especially if these fall within areas of particular importance for European biodiversity
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